Epping Forest Coursework

GEOGRAPHY COURSEWORK CARL RENDORA VISITOR IMPACT ON EPPING FOREST Contents Page 3 Introduction, Location & History Page 4 Map of Epping Page 5 Methodology Page 6 Methodology -&Questions I want to answer Page 7 Questions I want to answer (cont.) & Hypothesis Page 8 Data Limitations Page 9 Raw Data Page 10 Analysis and Data Presentation Page 11 Analysis and Data Presentation Page 12 Analysis and Data Presentation Page 13 Analysis and Data Presentation Page 16 Analysis and Data Presentation, Conclusion & Evaluation Visitor Impact on Epping Forest Introduction The purpose of this coursework is to find out about the impact which visitors have had on Epping Forest. Epping Forest has recreational, aesthetic and educational values, so is a perfect place for visitors. I feel that considerable damage has probably been caused to the environment due to the large number of visitors, and it is with this coursework where I will try to find out whether I am right. After analysis of my results I will also try to find ways in which any problems can be solved and bad situation can be improved. Aims: To find out: what attracts people to Epping Forest? ,what activities do people do in Epping Forest? ,what impact do visitors have on the environment? ,how well Epping Forest is being managed? The Location Epping Forest is located just north of London. It

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What caused the Soufrire Hills Volcano to erupt?

What caused the Soufrière Hills Volcano to erupt? The Caribbean island of Montserrat is situated on a destructive plate boundary. A plate boundary occurs when two of the plates that make up the surface of the earth meet. Underneath Montserrat the Atlantic plate is slowly being forced under the Caribbean plate. This happens because the oceanic plate is denser than continental plate. Convection currents pull the dense Atlantic plate into the mantle where intense heat and friction cause the rock to melt. This molten rock is lighter than the surrounding rock, forcing it to rise through cracks in the in the rock towards the earth's surface. Molten rock or magma gathers under the volcano until the pressure is so great that it is forced up through a vent towards the surface of the earth. The Soufrière Hills Volcano produces a thick sticky lava called andesite. The lava is so thick that it builds up at the top of the volcano in a dome until it becomes too heavy and the dome collapses. When the dome collapses hot rocks, gases and ash are released from the volcano causing the following hazards. Pyroclastic flows are extremely fast-moving flows of lava, hot rocks and gas that flow down the side of the volcano. Pyroclastic Surges are fast-moving clouds of hot ash that travel with the pyroclastic flow. Tiny pieces of volcanic ash are blasted into the air forming a plume of ash. As it

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Decision Making how will we manage the Essex coastline?

Decision Making - how will we manage the Essex coastline? In February 1953 disaster struck Essex. The North Sea flood, a combination of high spring tide and a severe wind storm caused a storm surge. With the tidal surge of the North Sea the water level locally exceeded 5.6 meters. The flood and waves overwhelmed sea defences and caused extensive flooding. Essex, an area hit by subsidence and sea level rise relies highly upon sea defences. Most of the casualties occurred in the province of Jaywick, in Essex 307 people were killed and 22,000 made homeless. This flood also hit the Netherlands, which suffered 1,800 deaths. As subsidence and sea level rise grow worse due to global warming, there is a large chance that Essex if hit by a storm surge again will be very vulnerable. Essex is made especially defenceless as it has also been hit had by isostasy. And this is why I eager you to make a decision upon who we will defend our Essex coastline. There are several areas in Essex becoming increasingly susceptible to flooding. In order to protect these areas action must be taken. This plan provides a long term strategic view on how the balance between losses and gains to Essex can be maintained in the light of rising sea levels, and the flood defence response to it. The plan concludes that Essex cannot be maintained in its present form. Maintaining the present levels of flood

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Managing Road Traffic in Singapore

To manage the traffic flow in Singapore such that it flows smoothly without traffic jams which could result in loss of man-hours which could then result in higher productivity costs, the Singapore government has inplemented measures to manage the traffic flow. Some these are the Area Licensing Scheme (ALS), Electronic Road Pricing (ERP), and the Park and Ride Scheme. The Park-and-Ride Scheme is aimed at controlling the traffic flow in the CBD area. Motorists had to park their vehicles at designated car parks outside the city area. They had the option to take public transport into the city which were mostly located near the car parks. However, the Park and Ride Scheme was not very successful. This can be shown through the 585 parking lots used out of the 7700 created, which clearly shows that most people would enter the CBD area early or just take public transport.This also shows that the Park and Ride Scheme was not very popular amongst the people. Most drivers found it not worthwhile to leave their vehicle parked outside the city and pay for the parking fees. Overall, this meant that there were still traffic congestion within the CBD area thus meaning that the Park and Ride Scheme was not very successful in controlling traffic flow in Singapore. The Area Licensing Scheme (ALS), is also used to control the traffic flow in the CBD. Motorists have to pay for the use of certain

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Changes in Guilford's Central Business District from 1968 to 2002.

Changes in Guilford's Central Business District from 1968 to 2002 Aim The changes of many aspects of a CBD from the 1960s to the beginning of the 21st century had been immense, the changes nevertheless is an important feature of human geography that needs to be carefully studied. In order to achieve my aim I will have to identify the changes in land use from 1968-2002 in the CBD of Guildford and also compare the changes that had been made over the time. I will locate the areas with high and low pedestrian counts, and also the areas of high and low land value, both of which would give me a better overview of the CBD area. It will be equally important to identify zones of recent assimilation and discard to identify the changes. An investigation on the future changes of the CBD of Guildford would also be helpful to reach a higher degree of the understanding of the CBD and to explain the changes as our world today is advancing at an extraordinary pace in recent decays in many areas that already have, and definitely will cause great impacts on our lives. Guildford The understanding of Guildford's economical structure would help us to explain the changes of the CBD since structure of any CBD is largely affected by the local economy. Statistics has shown that the economy of Guildford is relatively good compared to other cities of similar size, Guildford has an area of 104 squared

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Migration within a countrys borders have greater negative impacts at their origin than their destination. Discuss.

“Migration within a country’s borders have greater negative impacts at their origin than their destination”. Discuss the statement [15 marks] Introduction . Definition of migration and internal migration 2. Reasons why people move (Push/Pull Factors) . Explain Lee’s migration model . Types of Internal Migration (Inter-urban, Intra-urban, counter urbanisation, urbanisation) Body . Social. Economic. Environmental. Political. (S.E.E.P.) impacts 2. Case Study (Statistics) . China (urbanisation) 2. London to St. Ives (counter urbanisation) . Negative impacts at origin 2. Negative impacts at destination 3. Recognize that there are also positive impacts Conclusion . Which one is the greater impact, origin or destination 2. Solution (brief) ______________________________________________________ Migration is the movement of people to establish a new permanent place of residence. The UN defines ‘permanent’ as a movement of over a year. Internal migration is the permanent relocation of population within a country. People choose or are forced to migrate due to reasons; these are called push and pull factors. Push factors are negative conditions at the point of origin, which encourages people to move, such as war, famine and natural disaster. Pull factors are positive conditions at the point of destination, which encourages people to move, such as better

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I am studying both the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the Lake District

GCSE Geography Geographical Investigation What are the impacts of tourism in a selected region of the UK? Tourism is the industry that looks after the needs and welfare of tourists and provides the things that help them travel to places where they can relax and enjoy themselves. I am studying both the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the Lake District because the Lake District is being overwhelmed with tourists each year but without the income that tourism generates the Lake District wouldn't survive. The Lake District is one of 15 National Parks across the UK which has 2 main purposes. - To enhance and preserve the natural beauty of the landscape. - To provide a place for recreation and enjoyment. A third aim is; - To protect the social and economic well being of people who live and/or work in the National Park. The positive impacts of tourism are associated with the economy and employment. Tourism can also start off a cycle known as the positive multiplier effect; the tourism industry locates in an area which provides jobs for locals. This gives workers more money to spend and so more local shops open and more jobs are created and so on and so on. But as well as positive impacts, there are also many negative impacts of tourism. The first is footpath erosion. This occurs when people (tourists in this case) are

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Development is hazardous to natural and build environments

Developing country areas will decrease the amount of poverty throughout all of Asia, including the assistance to the countries economic growth. The development of road built infrastructure, water availability and aid will assist in the reduction of poverty. "Infrastructure development is a driving factor that can affect poverty negatively and positively. Infrastructure is important for poverty reduction. This can be the case where development aid, road construction or water and sanitary investments have been made with poverty reduction in mind." - (Environmental Knowledge of Change) The increased development and aid from more developed countries would help reduce the amount of poverty in many developing countries, also helping the population's health while helping to deteriorate the amount of poverty driven families. Economic growth can be helped by increasing the amount of contact within inland areas around Asia. "Rapid economic growth in recent years has put enormous pressure on Asia's transport, energy, and communications infrastructure. Unless these can be improved, they will continue to be a bottleneck to growth...Better connectivity with inland areas, for instance, would boost trade and economic growth in both coastal areas and inland...Following the 1997-1998 Asian financial crisis, countries with significant investments in infrastructure recovered faster than

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Pedestrian Counts.

GCSE Geography Coursework Analysis . Pedestrian Counts My Isoline Map of Cambridge shows that, as I predicted, the overall trend of my data is that the further you move away from the city, the fewer the number of pedestrians. This theory is backed up by my scatter graph, which shows a negative correlation meaning that the pedestrian counts and the distance away from the city centre are inversely proportional, with lower counts the further you move away. The two innermost, red coloured zones of the map have pedestrian counts in the mid four hundreds. These counts are this high for a number of reasons. They are in the centre of Cambridge's CBD, and as a result are filled with high demand shops and services, and a large number of densely populated office blocks. For instance the reading recorded on Market road, showing 419 people passing that point in ten minutes was most probably due to the famous 'Cambridge Market' which lies there. The highest reading of 465 on the corner of St Andrews street was again due to the presence of a great many shops and services. I also note that the time when these readings were taken is also important. The fact that they were taken at 11:30am on a Wednesday morning is crucial as this would be one of the times where the highest density of people would be shopping and working in offices. If these readings had been taken at 11:30am on a Sunday

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Lognor Case Study

Longnor Longnor is a village in Staffordshire, 35 miles of SE Manchester. It has a population of 350 people and is in the Peak District National Park. It has numerous problems such as shortages of work, affordable housing and poor access to services. With the village of Longnor lying on the edge of the Peak District National Park, it attracts many tourists and holiday makers. These tourists and visitors travel long distances to visit the national park and need to stay somewhere when they arrive. There are no hotels in the village and very few bed and breakfasts, so one of the main sources of accommodation are holiday cottage rentals. Families and homeowners have second homes in Longnor, often which they rent out and visit. With many of the houses in Longnor being brought as holiday homes, second homes or retirement homes, there is a distinct lack of housing for the local people. As Longnor is within a commuting distance for Manchester and the houses are much cheaper than Manchester, villages like Longnor are attracting more and more YUPPIES and commuters. Also villages like Longnor are attractive to retirees as they are quiet and peaceful, they have places to walk and relax with lots of open spaces and greenery and clean air. They are far enough out of busy cities and younger generations but are within distance of local towns. With so many commuters and retirees buying

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