- Promoting anti-discriminatory practice
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Maintaining
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Promoting and supporting individuals' and respect
- Acknowledging individuals' personal beliefs and identities
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Promoting effective
The care value base can form part of a , or a professional code of ethics for anyone working in a caring profession. The car value base has become more important due to the fact the country has become more and more multicultural and ethnically diverse. Also there more people with disability. Laws have been passed which prohibit discrimination on the grounds of race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, age, etc. is therefore vital that people do not feel discriminated against when they are using care services.
Group
The elderly women said to me that that she believes that going to the doctor is a waste of time. She believes that sickness has to do with her mind. If I was to say to her that her opinion is stupid, I would be discriminating against her. This is becomes she has an right to her own opinion. . A theorist named Maslow’s talks about the hierarchy of needs which is:
- Physical needs
- Emotional and physical safety needs
- Belong and affection
- Self esteem needs
- Self-actualizations.
A person need for love and belonging is one of the hierarchies of needs to survive. Maslow describes love and belonging to be emotionally based. These are things such as family and friendships. All Human beings wants to feel that they belong to something where a group etc. human has a right to be respected due to their diversity every body is different in their own way. By asking her what caused her to think this way is respecting her diversity. Humans generally need to feel belonging and acceptance, whether it comes from a large social group (clubs, office culture, , professional organizations, sports teams, ) or small social connections (family members, intimate partners, mentors, close colleagues, confidants). They need to love and be loved (sexually and non-sexually) by others. In the absence of these elements, many people become susceptible to , , and . This need for belonging can often overcome the physiological and security needs, depending on the strength of the peer pressure. I.e. an anorexic ignores the need to eat and the security of health for a feeling of belonging.
One two one – 7 year old boy
When dealing with children we have to be careful of confidentiality. The issue of confidentiality is different when dealing with children than with adults. We have to bear in mind on the issue of confidentiality we have to discus it with the client parents or guardian. Children are very vulnerable so I had to act an appropriate manner. I also referred to Maslow when communicating with him. I done this by making him feel safe to talk to me by showing that he can trust I and I also show him love and belonging by not shout at him and I never stood over because this might make him feel intimidated. I did not discriminate against his race or religion.
Compare and contrast two interactions in relation to communication skills and transmission of values.
The two types of interaction that I have chosen to use are one to one and group interactions.
Group interactions
In a group interaction you have to give other people within the group to talk and to get their opinions across. In group interaction you have to look at the person talking. In group interaction their may issue e.g. gender religion culture. a theorist called Bruce tuck man describe the four stages of group formations which are:
- Forming-this is when people first get together there might be an introductory stage
- Storming- in this stage there may be a power struggle with in the group. Different individual might contest for leadership.
- Norming- this is a stage where the group members develop a set of common belief, people start to trust each other.
- Performing – because people share the same values and norms the group is able perform effectively.
- Bruce tuckman added a fifth stage which is adjourning this is about completion and disengagement, both from the tasks and the group members. Individuals will be proud of having achieved much and glad to have been part of such an enjoyable group. They need to recognize what they've done, and consciously move on. Some authors describe stage 5 as "Deforming and Mourning", recognizing the sense of loss felt by group members.
Because this was my first group interaction we would be at the first stage of tuckman theory which is forming.
In my group interaction with my clients we made her felt welcome and comfortable as a result of this we found out that by her past experience she gained a phobia of going to see a doctor
One to one interactions
In a one to one interaction you are constantly doing something e.g. when you are not talking you are listening. In my one to one interactions I talked calmly and slowly with the 7 year old and I used simple words so that he was able to understand what I was saying. I also applied my knowledge of Maslow by making feel safe and showing love and affection to him by not shout at him when he gets the answers wrong instead I showed him an easy way to work out the problem I also used appropriate body language by kneeling down to his level instead of standing over him when I am talking. When we are talking to individuals we should take into consideration the theorist Egan says that most persons will “read cues that indicate the quality of your presence with them. That means a person can tell if you are bored so if you are interested. Egan talks about using SOLER:S square face the person your talking to , O open your posture, L lean toward the person E eye keep eye contact and R Relax and be natural and comfortable. The communication process starts with a sender who has a message for a receiver. Two or more people are always involved in communication. The sender has the responsibility for the message. The sender's message travels to the receiver through one or more channels chosen by the sender. The channels may be verbal or non-verbal. They may involve only one of the senses, hearing for example. Non-verbal communication, popularly referred to as body language, relies primarily on
Seeing rather than hearing.
Care value base
In each of the two interaction the issues with care value base are the same on now ground did I discriminate with any of the clients, I did not use any swear words and I talk to them with respect and I respect their opinions of life and the decision that they make I promoted their diversity
TASK TWO
The communication skills that I have used are
- Tone./pitch
- Slang’s and jargons
- Pace
- Gestures
- Body language
- Listening
- Facial expression
- Eye contact.
Group interactions
My tone and pitch was appropriated I did not shout at my client as this would make her angry or even intimidating to talk to me so I kept it at a level that she could hear me clearly. I did not used any slang’s and jargon because my client may not of understand what I was say so she will be confused not only just my clients but others within the group also the only time it is appropriate for me to use slang is when I am talking with my friends. I used appropriate pace I did not talk to fast because people may not of heard clearly what I was saying. In order to get my point across I talk slowly and clearly to that my point could be heard. Gestures- I used appropriate gestures for the other to understand what I was trying to say. Adapted the used of Egan theory of SOLER which stands for Squarely, Open, Lean, Eye contact, Relaxed. I lean forward to show that I was interested in what she was saying I kept my contact and I also faced her squarely. had to listen to what she was saying so that I can summarize. my facial expression was welcoming I smiled at her to make her feel safe and felt I feeling of love and belonging according to Maslow hierarchy of needs I kept my eye contact on the person that was talking to show that I was listening.
As I was a group interaction I gave other people time to talk I did not talk over any body voice.
In my group interaction with my client I appeared to be interested and kept good facial expressions.
One 2 one
When talking to the child I used the correct tone I did not shout or this would make him angry to I get calmed I also talked slowly and clearly to he can hear what I was saying. I kept good eye contact with the child I listen to what he was saying and I ask him some open question so that he can express himself. I did not stand over him when I was talking or he may feel intimidating. I kept good facial expression mostly my smiling at him. I did not use any slang’s or jargon just simple words that he may understand. I also incorporated Maslow by showing love, belonging and safety. I showed hid that he can come and talked to me without by afraid. I played with him nicely and made in happy so that he would know that he is in a safe environment.
Care value base
I did not shout at the person as they have the right to be treated with respect.. I tried to empower them to make their own decision I done this my asking the seven year old boy what he would like to do. I did not pass any racism comment or else I would be discriminating against their diversity being race religion culture etc. I also gave them the rights to their own beliefs I did not slag them off but I gave them the chance to explain themselves. I maintained confidentiality as this builds trust I done this by not passing important information about the clients to others and also it would breach the data protection acct
Whittington hospital
Scenario: a white man came into hospital with a broken arm he sat in the A&E for at least an hour waiting for a doctor. An Asian boy was rushed into A&E by his parent he was suspected of meningitis and he was seen first. Whittington hospital accidents and emergency department are usually busy they try to see all patients within four hours of arrival in the emergency department. However, waiting times can change suddenly if a seriously ill or severely injured person is brought in. If you attend with a problem that does not require emergency treatment, you may wait longer than those who are more seriously unwell.This is not being racism the hospital prioritized their patients on their conditions. Even though the men has a right to be seen by the doctor so does every body else that goes into hospital. This is known as positive discrimination. Whittington hospital is bound by race relation act 2000 which gives all public authorities including the NHS a general duty to promote race equality. They do this by looking at the illness of the person and not the race.
Social worker
Scenario: a neighbor is suspected something is wrong with he child next door due to the constant crying and then phone social services.
The social worker is bound by confidentiality so it would be wrong if the social worker was to disclose information about who made the call on they would be breaching confidentiality and also my doing that it may causes an argument. Social workers are bounded by the codes of practice. The codes of practice are the first statutory codes of practice for social care workers and their employers. They provide a clear guide for all those who work in social care, setting out the standards of conduct workers and their employers should meet. Social care workers who breach the codes could be removed from the register, while employers who break them could face sanctions. Social workers are bound by the codes of ethnics. Also therefore a social worker would be in no position to give out any information t
Task 3
Identify possible barriers to communications that may have existed in your work related context and explain how you can overcome any barriers that you can identified.
Possible barriers to communications that may have existed in may work related context are as follows
Communications can become blocked if individual differences are not understood. Three are three main ways I which communications becomes blocked are
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A person cant see hear or receive the message- because my client is a elderly group she may have problem seeing and hearing the message this is becomes her vision and hearing at that age would have started to deteriorate.
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A person cannot make sense of the message – this could be because different languages are used including sign language, people use different terms such as jargons slang and dialect presence of physical or intellectual disability such as illness memory loss or learning dysfunction. Within our group discussions I can say everyone understood the message this was because we all talk on the same level..
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A person misunderstand the message – this can be cause cultural differences or even assumptions about people gender race or even disability or even social contact (conversation and non verbal message understood by closed friends )
- Environment problems – these are such thing as poor lighting , not enough space or even noise. His existed in our group interaction because at the same time other groups where also doing their own group discussions so their where noise and a limited amount of space.
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Time- not giving people enough time to understand what have been said. We were only given a certain amount of time which may not be enough.
Ways to overcome communications
Visual –
- use conversation to describe things
- check that spectacles are been worn
- help the person to touch things
- explain the detail sighted people take for granted
Hearing-
- do not shout, speak normal and clear and make sure your face is visible so that those who can lip read are able to do so
- write message or use pictures
- check for hearing aid
Environmental
- Check and improve the lighting
- Change to a quieter setting
- Work in smaller group if it would help you to see and hear each other more easily.
Time-
- give people more time to talk and understand
Questionnaire
This questionnaire is to see other people views of the issu e surrounding barriers to communication I have took initiative in retaining a analyst of the feedback from two sources the other two resources are biased up upon research.
Name: ……………..…………………………………………..
Age:………………………………………………………….
Occupation:………………………………………………..
What do you think a barrier to communication in your work related context would be ?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Name: ……………………………………………………..
Age:………………………………………………………….
Occupation:………………………………………………..
What do you think a barrier to communication in your work related context would be ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
I have done research some research regarding the issue of communication barriers
The Royal Association for Deaf people
The barriers to communication with deaf people is the fact that they cannot hear the message (verbal)
Deaf people rely partly on their vision to communicate, deaf people can lip read by looking at the movement of people mouths, so it is very important that the person is able to see your face clearly
When communicating with deaf people you should do the following.
- Face the person directly, if you look away the deaf person cannot see your lips.
- Speak clearly at a normal pace
- Do not shout
- Make sure there are no bright lights behind you that could make it difficult to see your face.
- Use whole sentences rather than one word replies - lip-reading is 70% guess work and many words look the same. Using sentences gives contextual clues.
- Be patient, if you are asked to repeat something try changing the sentence slightly, it may make it easier to understand.
Bachelor institute of the blind
The barrier to communication with blind people is that they are not able to see the message. (Non verbal) Blind and partially sighted people have the same information needs as everyone else. But many people with sight problems will not be able to understand information unless it is made available to them in a suitable format. It is important to remember that there is no single method which suits all blind and partially sighted people all of the time. Even the same person will use different methods at different times and under different circumstances. When communicating with blind people you should always do the following:
- Speak naturally when introduced to an individual who is blind or vision impaired - he she will certainly let you know if they cannot hear you.
- Using words like "look" and "see" are fine. They are part of our everyday language, and it is important to be natural and ease, otherwise you will both feel awkward.
- Always speak directly to a person who is blind or vision impaired, not through a companion or guide.
- Address people who are blind or vision impaired by their names, so they know you are speaking to them.
- Identify yourself by name on entering a room in which there is a person who is blind or vision impaired. It announces yours presence and helps to identify you to the person.
The used of Braille is effective when communicating with blind people. Braille is a method that is widely used by people to read and write, it consist of raised dots.
Why is it important to communicate effectively with blind and deaf people?
It is very important to communicate effectively with blind and deaf people this is because they can understand what has been said and also it is important the care worker to communicate effectively with the clients so that they are able to receive the right service
Task 4
Evaluation
Group
Strength
- Was very confident – this was because I was well prepared,
- I talked appropriately – I did not shout, I used the right tone, pitch and pace , I took into considerations the client group that I was talking to.
- I used hand gestures – so that people can understand the message
Weakness
- according to my evidence sheet my communications skills where good but if I was to talk to group containing more than 20 people I probably would be nervous
One on one
Strength
1- Used the correct tone, pitch and pace in order for the child to hear clearly what I was saying
Weakness
None noted
Action plan
In order to improve my communication skills I will do the following
- practice using different types of communication skills when I am talking to people
- practice with different clients groups
- getting feedback
Some theorist as Kolb and lewin have tried to explain the step involved in evaluating personal practice.
Kurt Lewin was a German-born , became one of the pioneers of . Kurt lewin suggested that that practical learning might involved a four stage process
- Planning – imagination and working out what needs to be done
- acting, -doing trying something out
- observing –taking notes
- and reflecting – using information to think something through
David A. Kolb (b. 1939) is an American educational theorist whose interests and publications focus on Kolb theory put forth a slight different four stage explanation of learning from own experiences. The stages are
- experience-
- reflection or thinking about the experience
- using theory to explain what happen
- testing out new ides in practice
if I was to used both Kolb and lewin theory it would help me improve my communications skills because I would have experience and confidence in myself this is because I would have practice using my communication skills in different situation and have obtained feedback as lewin have stated. With that feedback I would have seen what need to be change therefore bringing me back to stage one of the theory
