In Northern Ireland many people think the Catholics are unloyal workers and worse than Protestant. Their status is like black American in 1950s in the Southern Status.
These sources are both useful because the source B is talking about his personal experiences over a long period of time. Ian Paisley’s comment is useful because he had formed a political party specifically to main the unionist supremacy in N. Ireland obviously he would have had many supporters who agreed with him.
All of these sources refer to a single city in Northern Ireland. Use the sources, and your own knowledge, to explain why this city became a centre of the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland.
Londonderry was built by a group of London merchant in the centre. The English colonists forced the Irish Catholics to live on the worst land outside the walls of the town. This is the Bog side.
Londonderry is a of port and manufacturing centre in N. Ireland. The population today is about 68,000.
Source D is a photograph of the house of Catholic family taken in Londonderry in the 1960’s. I can see the father and daughter were standing outside their house in the photograph. Their house was very poor. The door was broken and the floor was very dirty. The toilet was outside the house. They didn’t have hot water and use had to cold water. By living in this area, their life expectancy will be low. This is a vicious circle. Because the Catholics couldn’t find jobs, they couldn’t have money to change their life. Because of all these economic and social problems Londonderry was an important centre for the Civil Rights Association in the 1960’s and later the IRA.
Source E and F shows electoral districts in Derry. They divide into 3 areas: South Ward, North Ward and the waterside. In the South Ward the Nationalist votes greater than Unionist Vote and the Catholic outnumber the Protestants but the Nationalist can have only 8 councilors. But in the North Ward and the Waterside the Unionist and protestant vote are greater than Nationalist and Catholics. They have 12 councilors. If we see the total votes the Nationalist is much greater than the Unionists. Why do the Unionists have 12 councilor, because they were gerrymandering. They divide Protestant and Unionists in 2 areas, and concentrate more Nationalist and Catholics in one area. They could easily control elections and get more seats. This is unfair. If they didn’t divide the 3 areas the result would change. The Unionist controls the council so they can pass some laws to help them against the Catholics and Nationalists who could not trust the government.
Catholic Nationalist has to force or terrorism to achieve fair treatment. So Derry became a centre of the Civil Right movement.
Do sources H and I support Reverend Ian Paisley’s view of the Civil Right movement given in Source G? Explain your answer by reference to all three sources.
Yes, sources H and I support Reverend Ian Paisley’s view of the Civil Right movement to some extent. He said that the Irish Republican Army or at that time those who were dedicated to the view and objective of the army. Started using force and paramilitaries to republic to control the civil right movement. Source H and I state that the membership of civil rights association become uncontrolled led.
In source H it says that the number of Republicans and the proportion of them varied from time to time, but they never dominated it. They were NEVER in control and The younger people’s Democracy often had clashes with the stewards because we felt that the stewards were co- operation to much with the police.
In source I we read about the British Government’s view about the Civil Right Association. “the membership included persons of known extreme republican views and activities as well as members of the N. Ireland and Liberal Parties and mostly Roman Catholics. It is and always had been a basic rule of the association to place no bar on people from political groups.
There is a contradiction between Source H and I on the extent of domination but this is perhaps because the extent of IRA domination changed over time. We know that after events like Bloody Sunday on 1972 the Civil Right Association lost support and many people turned to the IRA who said that only violence would bring about improvements.
Do you agree with this portrayal of the reasons why the Troubles continued into the 1990s?
Explain your answer using the sources and your knowledge.
Yes, I agree the portrayal of the reasons why the Troubles continued in to 1990s.
A cartoon has some walls and people walking on the walls. And the walls there write down 2 important years. There have 1690 and 1916. The people meaning different reason the troubles continued and the date about 2 important events.
Before 1690 the England introducing Protestant bishop to Ireland. Most Irish refused to accept the English religion or English rule. English sand some loyal Protestants and give land to them. In 1690 the Battle of the Boyne, it is turning point. The Catholics king was dashed, there have new Protestant King, following Catholics King army and defeated him at the Battle of Boyne. The Protestant made sure they complete control the Ireland.
In 1916 the Easter Rising the Catholics was prepared to revolutionary Protestant. When the war was going badly for British. The Catholics organized a rebellion in Dublin on Easter Monday. The rebels got little support from Catholics and angry at the damage and shootings. After a week of violence the rebels surrounded.
The Unionists the Easter Rising seemed proof that Nationalists were traitors who could not be trusted.
The cartoonist want the people remember the Protestant how to takeover the Ireland and they have try the revolution.
The source E and F the Unionist gerrymandering election, they starting control the council and pass some useful law to against the Catholics.
On the wall there have civilian, unemployed, politician, priest and terrorism.
The civilian and unemployed and priest they are under the Protestant. The civilian were living in the poor and dirty place look like the source D. And the unemployed they haven’t the jobs and money to improve the life, look like the source A.
The politics they control the council, they haven’t pass the law to help the Catholics and never trust the Catholics and Nationalists.
The terrorism they use the force to find out fair. The civilian they want fair and improve the life, they will join the terrorism. The council never helps them, because the protestant control it. They continued using the force.
If the good economic and decrease the Catholics unemployment, it will decrease the terrorism. Because most civilian prove the life.