How Useful Are Sources D and E In Helping Us Understand Why Some Black Americans Rejected The Methods Of Martin Luther King?

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Civil Rights

Question 3

How Useful Are Sources D and E In Helping Us Understand Why Some Black Americans Rejected The Methods Of Martin Luther King?

Source D is from an article which Martin Luther King wrote for the magazine ‘Liberation’ in 1959 telling the people about the consequences of the different ways in which a ‘negro’ uses violence. Source E is an extract of Malcolm X’s autobiography which was released in 1970. In this extract Malcolm X is expressing his views of the white people, especially the ‘so called “good white people”’ as he describes them.

Although Martin Luther King and Malcolm X wanted the same thing, freedom for the black people of America, they both had different ways of trying to get it. Martin Luther King believed in non-violent protests, which is also shown in source D, whereas Malcolm X believed in using violence to get the black persons freedom but this isn’t mentioned in source E.

Martin Luther King believed that the way to get people to join and forget their differences was to break into the ‘hearts and mind of the white people, not to break their bodies.’ King was a powerful speaker and he regularly referred to ‘God’s Children’ and hardly ever referred to the white or black people as a different group but often talked of a joined nation not one that is separated by its different colours or religions. He also referred to the white supporters as his ‘brothers’ and welcomed anyone who would help them to gain freedom for the black people. King also believed in equality and to gain their equality they must work together, as well as respect each other. In one of King’s speeches he talks about ‘… little black boys and little black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and little white girls and walk together as brothers and sisters’ this shows that he also believed in unity between black and white people as well as getting civil rights for black people. Above all of the things that King believed in was non-violence for he believed when a man ‘starts violence he is blamed for its consequences’ whereas when he ‘uses force in self-defence he does not lose support, he may even win it’. People would have followed him because they were drawn in by the words in used in his powerful speeches; the way he talked about what he wanted for his nation. After the bus boycott 1955, which ended in 1956, King became a highly respected leader. More people started to follow him seeing the power and influence he had on others around them, persuading them to help them rather than fight against them.

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Malcolm X hated all white people even the ones that supported him or tried to help the black people of America. This is shown in source E especially when he says ‘these so called “good white people”’ showing that he did not believe that any white people were good or were willing to welcome as he thought they ‘weren’t considered to be part of them’ referring to the white people. Malcolm X believed that white and black people will always be enemies and he also referred to whites as "devils" who had been created in a misguided breeding program ...

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