Notes on "Why was Russia so difficult to govern?"

who owned industrial works. Life was good . 8)The workers lived in cheap lodging houses and ate soup, black bread, cabbage and drank vodka. Often lived in barraks and disease was easily spread due to lack of hygiene. How was Russia governed in 1900?1)Nicolas was the Tsar of Russia from 1894. He was an autocratic leader and thought of himself as gods chosen one. He was not elected. 2)Council of ministers who ran the government3)Governing was painfully slow due to the vast size of the country 4)A lot of bribery and corruption5)No parliament 6)Newspapers and books were censored 7)Opposition was not tolerated8)Okhrana was the Tsar’s secret police9)Cossacks were used to restore order 10)The orthodox church was closely linked to the tsar.  They supported his ruling. 11)The tsar was known as the ‘little father’ figureHow did the Tsar survive the 1905 revolution?1)There were many opposition groups- Socialist Revolutionaries, social democrats ( Mensheviks and Bolsheviks) and the Liberals. 2)They all wanted the removal of the Tsar3)They wanted freedom, elections, civil rights, and land to the peasants. 4)Terrorism and demonstrations were practiced Why did Russia explode in revolution in 1905?Economic problems- Developing its industry was introduced to change their backward agriculture into a modern industrializing one. Enormous amount of money was invested by the government- main source came from the Russian peoplePeasants had to pay heavy taxesindustry grew rapidly in steel works1902, there was a slump- many workers lost their jobstrikes and demonstrations beganStarvation in the countrysideFather Gapon created a survey of better working conditions Russo-Japanese war- Russia got itself involved In a conflict with japan in 1904Prices rose in the citiesfood shortage due to the warClosure of factorieshigh unemploymentThey were defeated by the Japanese in 1905Bloody Sunday- st.petersburg was facing tension. A march was organized to deliver the survey to the TsarSunday 22nd January, 200,000 people marched to the winter palaceThey were met by the troops and open firedAround 100 were killed and many injuredNews of this massacre was rapidly spread to other citieswhat did the Tsar do?1)A peace treaty was signed between Russia and Japan2)Bribery was enforced, the Tsar promised better conditions for loyalty3)October manifesto was issued in October to stop protests a parliament, civil rights, uncensored newspapers4)The tsar completely back with control by December had all those involved in the uprising to be dealt with by his troops Did life get better foe Russian people after 1905?The Tsar survived the 1905 revolutionviolence continued in the countryside in 1906Peter stolypin was appointed as Prime minister – had a reputation of being toughmilitary courts were set up and convicted people without trialsThousands were executedHe was known as ‘stolypins necktie’The okhrana were very activeDuma was created but did not have the power to grant offical decisions and 2 was later dissolved by the TsarChanges in the countrysideStolypin introduced reforms such as agriculture in order to produce more grain efficientlyPeasant banks were set up to provide loans kulak class rose and were loyal to the government Production of grain increased war interrupted the reforms in 1914a lot of poorer peasants were left unemployed and seeked jobs in the cities and countryside- the government mislead them to believing land was available along the trans-Siberian railway when they were actually purchased by rich nobels.  Changes in the cities1906-1914, industrial boom in Russiaproduction increased by 100%working conditions improved littleno health care, no safety and working hours increased1912, strikes and demonstrations were common-placeGoldfields in Siberia was another attempt of protests- 170 workers were killedSteps to revolution 1914-17 effects of the wareffects of the war at home Tsarina and Rasputin in controlLosing supportthe revolution begins- workers, international women’s day, RodziankoThe army takes sidethe tsar abdicates on march 15th