Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Who was to blame for the Cold War? There are two possible verdicts; the USA and USSR. Both these sides had different beliefs, USA was a capitalist country while the USSR was a communist country, and this was one of the main causes of the cold war. I believe that both sides were almost equally responsible for the start of the Cold War but USA may be blamed slightly more than the USSR because as you will see there are more arguments against the USA. The arguments against the USA (that indicate that the USA was the one to blame) are many. At the Yalta conference, February 1945, towards the end of the 2nd World War, Roosevelt didn't define what he meant by Eastern Europe being seen as "A Soviet sphere of influence". Stalin seems to define it as a total control of the USSR over the East but the USA interprets it by saying that Russia would only have a slight influence. Roosevelt also showed lack of trust in Stalin, as we can see at sources 6 and 8. An other mistake of Roosevelt was that he allowed Russia to move border into Poland as long as Russia didn't interfere with Greece. This clearly shows how the USA wanted to prevent the wide spreading of communism in Europe. The fact that America tested the atomic bomb in 1945 caused tension between the two countries and caused the USSR to fear even more the USA. After Roosevelt died, Truman became the president of the USA.

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The NAACP was the organisation that achieved most for African Americans during the 20th century. Do you agree?

THE NAACP WAS THE ORGANISATION THAT ACHIEVED MOST FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS DURING THE 20TH CENTURY. DO YOU AGREE? DANIEL BIMPSON 13-8 To assess this statement; it is useful to look at achievements for African Americans in terms of separate factors. Perhaps the most obvious example of African-American disenfranchisement was economic inequality. As well as there being virtually no blacks in the highest paid jobs, black unemployment was high, and those with jobs usually found themselves being paid less money than whites for the same work. In this area, the NAACP, however, could actually claim to have achieved very little; its greatest achievement here probably being the "Freedom Schools" that were established as part of the "Freedom Summer" campaign. Along with a curriculum that included things such as black history and the philosophy of civil rights, it gave young African Americans job training, improving their employability and hence, it was hoped, their economic position. However, the NAACP can only take partial credit for the program as it was a joint venture with the SNCC & CORE, and was only based in Mississippi. However, this was arguably the greatest economic achievement of CORE & the SNCC also. Those groups who did make advancements had a variety of serious limitations: for example, the UNIA, under the leadership of Marcus Garvey, founded a number of black enterprises-

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Do you agree that Martin Luther King was the most important factor in helping blacks gain more civil rights in the 1960s?

Do you agree that Martin Luther King was the most important factor in helping blacks gain more civil rights in the 1960s? In 1964, the Civil Rights Act was passed by Lyndon B Johnson, giving black people civil rights for the first time. This was followed by the Voting Bill in 1965, an act which scrapped the literacy tests given to blacks, and gave all black people the right to vote. Many things led up to these acts, such as the work of Martin Luther King, various protest groups and the experiences of many black Americans during the Second World War. Martin Luther King was born on 15th January 1929, the son of a preacher man and a teacher, in Atlanta, Georgia. He was a passionate, charismatic man, and was no doubt influenced by the Baptist Church that he grew up with. Whilst a college, Martin Luther King was introduced to the work and ideas of Mahatma Ghandi, another influence on his ideas for peaceful protest. Throughout much of the world outside America, Martin Luther King was seen as a hero and a figurehead for change, however in the eyes of many racist Americans from the southern states, he was nothing more than a trouble maker and someone to be put down. One of the first civil rights groups Martin Luther King was involved with was the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). By the time he became involved, he was a preacher, and was named president of the

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Were the peace treaties of 1919 - 1923 fair?

Were the peace treaties of 1919 - 1923 fair? Introduction After World War I various peace treaties were made, the most important and well known being the Treaty of Versailles. At the Treaty of Versailles there was disagreement, France wanted Germany to be punished as severely as possible whereas Britain and the USA realized that punishing Germany too harshly would only cause far worse problems later on. Britain and France both wanted to capitalize on World War I and gain German and Turkish colonies, the USA was against this and considered this kind of behaviour imperialistic however a compromise was reached and the colonies were divided among the winning powers and ran on behalf of the League of Nations. Meanwhile in Eastern Europe various other treaties were being signed - The Treaty of Neuilly, The Treaty of Trianon, The Treaty of Saint-Germain, The Treaty of Sèvres and finally the Treaty of Lausanne. Although none of these treaties were as important as Versailles they would all affect peace in Europe in the years following the First World War. Were the peace treaties of 1919 - 1923 fair? Argument agreeing with the fairness of the Treaties of 1919 - 1923: I think that the peace treaties of 1919 - 1923 were fair. The Treaty of Versailles made Germany pay for the terrible damage it had caused. France had suffered devastating losses due to Germany's actions in World War

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U.S. foreign policy after the World Wars.

Essay 25 U.S. foreign policy has always been characterized by a commitment to free trade, protection of American interests, and a concern for human rights. The United States foreign policy after World War I was isolationism and withdrawal from world affairs, in which they refused to join the League of Nations. After World War II, there was full engagement with world affairs on a global scale. In the United States foreign policy post World War I, there was restricted immigration with the Emergency Quota Act and the Immigration Act. These were intended as temporary legislation but these Acts proved in the long run the most important turning-point in American immigration policy. The United States entered a period of isolationism with the passage of the various Neutrality Acts of the 1930's. These were passed in response to the growing problems in Europe and Asia that eventually led to World War II. The US was sought to limit future warfare by the Kellogg-Briand Pact that outlawed war as a means of problem solving. The United States sought to find communists and other agitators through the Espionage Act and the Sedition Act. In the United States foreign policy post World War II, the US was heavily involved in foreign affairs through the policy of Containment hopes of stopping the spread of Communism. The Truman Doctrine stated that the US would support Greece and

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Was The Ending of White Minority Rule Achieved Only by Nelson Mandela?

Was The Ending of White Minority Rule Achieved Only by Nelson Mandela? In this essay, I will be seeing if I agree or not with the statement 'the ending of white minority rule was achieved only because of Nelson Mandela', by looking at lots of different factors. Mandela was a strong activist against apartheid and was imprisoned for 27 years because of this, in spite of becoming the first black South African President in 1994 until 1999. Even though he is a crucial part to the ending of apartheid, other people are also important, so I will be looking at them too. Apartheid was a law, introduced by Doctor Malan and the National party, which he was the head of, which legally segregated whites and non-whites almost completely from 1948 to 1994. His idea started when he was deeply affected at the sight of Afrikaan children playing with black children, and thought they should be separated. One example of the separations he put in place was the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act (1949), which banned couples of different races marrying. This would have also split up many couples and families who were already together just based on their ethnicity. Nelson Mandela, born 1918, was a South African black man who studied law and fought against apartheid. Earlier in his life, Mandela protested against segregation using peaceful methods. For example, he became a 'volunteer in chief' for

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The main purpose of the Nazi curriculum was to prepare boys to be soldiers. Do you agree?

The main purpose of the Nazi curriculum is to prepare boys to be soldier Before Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933, he did not have as much interest in education, although there were still established youth wings of the Nazi party. Children could not vote, and were too young to join the SA; therefore the focus was placed on adults. Once Hitler had managed to secure power and, ultimately, elections were abolished, he had realised that further generations must support Nazi ideology, so his vision of a one thousand year Reich could be maintained. When the World War had broken out, Hitler also needed more soldiers. In this answer, I am going to discuss whether the main purpose of the Nazi curriculum was preparation of boys to be soldiers. I am also going to discuss some other factors in the Nazi curriculum, such as the heavy influence on education of Nazi ideals, and the preparation of women to be mothers and housewives. In my initial answer to the statement, I disagree that this was the main purpose. There are many ways in which this statement can be considered incorrect because, in English lessons, children were taught to analyse the speeches of Hitler, and texts about the Hitler Myth. Children began to develop Nazi ideals, such as that the 'Fuhrer' (Adolf Hitler) is always right (The Hitler Myth), and began to analyse speeches from Hitler which would have

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Was Nicholas II Responsible for His Own Downfall? What can you learn from Source A about the situation in February 1917?

James Taylor 11MA Was Nicholas II Responsible for His Own Downfall? a) What can you learn from Source A about the situation in February 1917? Source A is an extract from Tsaritsa Alexandra's diary from the 25th February 1917. After reading through the source I believe it to be inaccurate and not very reliable. This for a number of reasons, the first sentence reads: 'Young people run and shout that there is no bread, simply to create excitement'. This is very incorrect, the workers weren't demonstrating just to create excitement; the workers wanted the price of bread lowered. Also the source says: 'But all this will pass and become calm if only the Duma will behave itself' The truth is the Duma was behaving itself, and although they wanted to take over the Empire, the Duma in fact had nothing to do with the demonstrations led by the peasants. The Duma was the Russian parliament, which Tsar Nicholas II created in an effort to make himself popular, but he later ignored the Duma and led the country using the army. Source A is inaccurate, although I believe there is a simple explanation. Tsaritsa Alexandra has written in her diary what she believes to be true. As the Tsar's palace is far outside Petrograd, I think the information from the centre of the city must have been altered slightly by the time it reached Tsaritsa Alexandra. As source A is quite inaccurate you

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What were the consequences of the 1916 Easter rising?

What were the consequences of the 1916 Easter rising? In this essay I will outline the consequences of the 1916 Easter rising all short term long term and immediate. The rising was a symptom of the failure of Home Rule. This led to increased support for militant nationalism. Sinn Fein gained a rise in support. The Dail Eireann was set up and the war of independence was an indirect consequence to the rising. The British government proposed the 26 county free state and it was accepted. There became a nationalist minority in Ulster. The Easter rising left a legacy of anti British feeling. This encouraged generations to continue the fight against British occupation. The big immediate consequence of the Easter rising was the execution of the leaders. This had a huge impact in Ireland. Within four days of the rising Thomas Clarke, Padraig Pearse and Thomas Mc Donagh were executed by firing squad on May the third. Then up to May the twelfth a further twelve leaders were shot including James Connolly. The last rebel to be executed was Roger Casement by hanging on August the third. Overall seventy-five were sentenced to death, and two thousand to imprisonment. This turned public opinion in Ireland against the British government. This created a new wave of anti-British feeling. Nationalist opinion in Ireland was radically changing. Militant Nationalists began to attract sympathy.

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Was the treaty of Versailles too harsh on Germany?

Was the treaty of Versailles to harsh on Germany? Yes, I think that the treaty of Versailles was too harsh on the Germans and would make the Germans have a desire for revenge. I think that the treaty could have been a bit softer, but on the other hand at that time the treaty couldn't have been agreed in any other way. When the treaty of Versailles was agreed it had blamed Germany as the country who lost and started the war and there for had to be punished severely. But for the Germans they did not think they were the ones who started the war and nor did they think they had lost the war. The Germans went to the treaty of Versailles expecting to be treated as equals but they were treated the opposite ways because the allies thought they had won the war and were now superior to Germany. So the Germans had no other solution but to sign the treaty. They called the treaty of Versailles a 'Diktat'. The treaty was devastating for Germany it had to surrender their biggest glory, their army. The German army had to be reduced to 100,000 men (all men had to be volunteered) and its navy could only have six battle ships. It wasn't allowed to have armored vehicles, aircraft's and submarines. This was extremely embarrassing for a country of the size of Germany. Germany lost 10? of its land and all it overseas colonies. This meant that 12.5? of Germanys population were now of another

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