Jewish law about suicide
Jewish jurisprudence differentiates between biblical commandments, which are those deemed to have been directly transmitted by the Creator to Moses, and non-biblical rules.8 Interestingly, Jewish law does not recognize the literal meaning of a verse in the bible, the Torah, as an authoritative statement of law. Indeed, some verses, taken literally, are incomprehensible.9 Instead, Jewish law maintains that an oral tradition transmitted to Moses both amplified and interpreted the written Torah.10 This oral tradition not only contained specific laws and information but also hermeneutical rules to be used to elucidate the Torah.11 According to Jewish tradition, there were a variety of purposes, unrelated to our present subject, for the creation of complementary written and oral traditions.12 Religious persecution of Jews, including orders banning the teaching of Jewish law, threatened preservation of the oral law. In response, a concession was made by ancient rabbinic leaders such that a succinct, incomplete form of the oral tradition, the Mishnah, was put into writing around the year 188 of the common era.13 The discussions and debates of early scholars in academies in Babylon and Jerusalem were separately recorded, forming, respectively, the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds. The Babylonian Talmud was completed later than the Jerusalem Talmud,14 and, because the Babylonian
To what extent has the Human Rights Act 1998 strengthened the rule of law in the UK constitution
To what extent has the Human Rights Act 1998 strengthened the rule of law in the UK constitution? The Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA), an Act introduced to give effect to rights from the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) in domestic legislation. Its introduction has affected many legal areas; especially the conceptions of the rule of law and their place in the UK constitution. To understand the effect of the HRA, it is first necessary to establish the initial status of these two concepts. Having established this, the extent of the impact of the HRA can be examined. Rule of law and HRA The concept of the rule of law has traditionally attracted two different interpretations.1 In terms of the impact of the HRA, each interpretation, namely formal and substantive, invoke different outcomes concerning their consequent effect upon the UK constitution. The formal approach adopted most prominently by Dicey, holds the fundamental tenet, 'those who make and enforce the law are themselves bound to adhere to it'.2 It is less concerned with the actual content or 'justness' of the laws themselves, but more in ensuring that there is equal subjection of all citizens under the given system. This positivist ideology separates the question of what law is, and what it ought to be.3 Raz went onto add that laws created under the standard of the formal interpretation should be capable of
Research on JPEPA
JAPAN-PHILIPPINES ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT WHAT IS JPEPA? Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement is the most important bilateral economic agreement the Philippines has entered into in the last 50 years. It is a bilateral economic relationship and investment agreement between the Philippines and Japan. It aims to develop significant trade and investment opportunities with the world's second largest economy. It is viewed to strengthen the economic cooperation between the two countries to facilitate and promote the free trans-border flow of goods, persons, services and capital. JPEPA also aims to provide protection of intellectual property rights, controlling anti-competitive activities, improvement of the business environment as well as cooperation in fields of mutual interest, such as human resource development, financial services, information and communications technology, energy and environment, science and technology, trade and investment promotion, small and medium enterprises, tourism, transportation, and road development. BACKGROUND JPEPA was signed by President Gloria Macapagal - Arroyo with then Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi last September 9, 2006 in Helsinki, Finland. The Philippine government proceeded to sign the JPEPA despite very little public consultation and information. Environmentalists and the rest of the civil society are
Citizenship Activity
GCSE Citizenship Studies 3280 (Short Course) 3280/02: Participating in Society, Internal Assessment Front Sheet Centre Name Centre Number Candidate Name Charlotte Louise Day Candidate Number This form is designed for electronic completion and where necessary boxes will expand as you type. Once fully completed, this form must be printed for submission and both teacher and candidate authentication statements signed by hand. Please ensure that all pages are fastened securely prior to submission. Description of Citizenship Activity Describe how you participated in a school or community based activity. The activity was (please select as appropriate): a. Describe the activity For our coursework, we decided to teach a year 7 group of pupils about crime and safety. We handed out leaflets, created posters, taught a lesson and had more of a fun based activity at the end as it was linked with our topic and made the lesson more enjoyable for the pupils. We thought our topic was suitable as younger children need to understand all the dangers around us and need to know how to keep safe. b. Describe your role My role of the project was to take part in a team and display confidence. Also I created the posters, leaflets and certificates and also the plan and script for the lesson. I contributed as much as I could to the tasks set. My role was mainly to act as the leader. I
Examine the effects of this Act and its sister enactments, in order to determine weather or not the legislation relating to the family home is necessary and adequate.
The Family homes protection Act, 1976 is the first in a succession of enactments dealing with matters of family law, which have impacted greatly on Irish conveyancing practise. Since coming in to force on 12th of July 1976, the Family Home Protection Act, 1976 and its related enactments have done more to regulate the ownership of matrimonial property than any other piece of legislation since the foundation of the state. The purpose of this assignment is to examine the effects of this Act and its sister enactments, in order to determine weather or not the legislation relating to the family home is necessary and adequate. It is first important to discuss the meaning of the family home. Section 2(1) defines family home as meaning: "Primarily, a dwelling in which a married couple ordinarily reside. The expression comprises, in addition, a dwelling in which a house whose protection is in issue ordinarily resides, if that spouse has left the other spouse, ordinarily resided before leaving" This section was not adequate and left a lot of questions unanswered, and as a result was amended by section 54 of the Family Law Act 1995, which read as fallows: "In subsection (1), Dwelling, means any building or any part of a building occupied as a separate dwelling and includes any garden or other land usually occupied with the dwelling, being land that is subsidiary and ancillary to it,
On 5th May, 1920, Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were arrested and interviewed about the murders of Frederick Parmenter and Alessandro Berardelli, in Bridgewater, Massachusetts. The men had been killed while carrying two boxes containing
Mahmoud's research on Sacco and Vanzetti. Nicola Sacco was born in the Italian town of Torremaggiore on 22nd April, 1891. He emigrated to the United States when he was seventeen. Sacco found work in a shoe factory in Stoughton, Massachusetts. He got married and started a family. Sacco also became involved in left-wing politics and at one anarchist gathering met Bartolomeo Vanzetti, an Italian immigrant working as a fish peddler in Plymouth. The two men became friends and often attended the same political meetings together. Bartolomeo Vanzetti was born in the Italian town of Villaffalletto on 11th June, 1888. The son of a farmer, Vanzetti emigrated to the United States when he was twenty years old. Vanzetti settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts, where he worked as a fish peddler. Vanzetti was shocked by the way working class immigrants were treated in America and became involved in left-wing politics. He went to anarchist meetings where he met Nicola Sacco, an Italian immigrant working in a shoe-factory in Stoughton, Massachusetts. The two men became friends and often attended the same political meetings together. Like many left-wing radicals, Sacco and Vanzetti were opposed to the First World War. They took part in protest meetings and in 1917, when the United States entered the war, they fled together to Mexico in order to avoid being conscripted into the United States
Should Capital Punishment be enforced
Joyce Au Meredith Morris Law & Society: Contemporary Debates 6 July 2009 Capital Punishment: Should capital punishment be enforced? Capital Punishment is defined by the Oxford English dictionary as the "legally authorized killing of someone as a punishment for a crime". Today, it has become a globally prevalent and intense topic of debate in the Criminal Justice System with numerous organizations and individuals' participation. Many deliberations have occurred, including the questionings of whether such acts are humane, and would often incorporate religious, emotional and economical concerns. Currently, the United States is one of the very few countries which continue to practice capital punishment, the main part being the southern states. This essay will be touching on the history of capital punishment, as well as the debate as to whether capital punishment should be enforced. It has been said that capital punishment in America was heavily influenced by Britain. The first established capital punishment laws dated back as far as the eighteenth century B.C.E., in the Code of King Hammurabi of Babylon, which coded 25 crimes punishable by death. The first known execution in America that was recorded dated back to 1608 when Captain George Kendall in the Jamestown colony of Virginia was executed for being a spy for Spain. In 1612, Virginia Governor Sir Thomas Dale increased
Discuss the persuasive techniques used by Michael Moore in three scenes from his film Bowling for Columbine
Discuss the persuasive techniques used by Michael Moore in three scenes from his film 'Bowling for Columbine' Michael Moore produced the film Bowling for Columbine with the intention of persuading the viewers that gun laws are too relaxed in the United States. He believes that these laws have both contributed and added to, what he describes as a state of perpetual paranoia and a culture of fear amongst all of America's citizens. Although Moore himself is not against guns since he is actually a member of the National Rifle Association (NRA). He does hold the opinion that the fear mongering and trepidation encouraged by both the media and politicians, intensifies the potential dangers of individual gun ownership, by reducing the nationwide threshold with regards to violence with firearms, and thus exposing many innocent people to violent attacks. Moore uses an array of persuasive techniques through the course of his polemic; with the most effective being irony and satirical humor, scene sequencing and sound effects and finally intelligent manipulation of background music. The first key scene A Wonderful World rebuts the conception that the US is a benevolent force around the world and that it does not use its military strength to physically impose and cause deliberate harm. In confrontation to this view, Moore is attempting to show that the USA's propensity for violence
The case R.V Machekequonabe, a pagan Indian prisoner.
In the case R.V Machekequonabe, a pagan Indian prisoner, Machekequonabe is charged with shooting and killing his foster father. The difficulty of this case revolves around the fact that his particular pagan Indian tribe believed in the existence of evil spirit wendigos which assume human form and pose a threat to their community. On one hand, there are rules against killing other humans, and on the other, Indian common law says that it is acceptable to kill wendigos (which the defendant believed he was doing). This essay will show how this conflict and ruling can be explained completely by Dworkin's theory of law and judicial reasoning. To provide the necessary background information, I will first explain the facts surround the R.V. Machekequonabe case, followed by an explanation of the questions that arise from the facts and how they are used to decide the outcome. In order to show why Dworkin's theory is better at explaining this case, I will also provide a series of other legal theories and show where they are satisfactory and where they fall short. At the end, I am confident that Dworkin's theory, in contrast to the others makes a much better account of judicial reasoning. The facts concerning R.V.Machekequonabe are quite simple and straight forward. The first fact I wish to discuss is the fact that Machekequonabe was a member of a pagan Indian tribe. As a
Explain how constitutional conventions differ from laws and discuss, with the use of examples, their general purpose and impor
Explain how constitutional conventions differ from laws and discuss, with the use of examples, their general purpose and importance. In the country we live in, Britain, there is no such thing as a written constitution. Relying on the basis of legal rules, our constitution is spread out in many written sources of constitutional law as the legislation (acts of parliament for example) and judicial precedents (decisions of the European Court of Justice in relation to Community law). However, there are also rules observed by the Sovereign, Prime Minister, other ministers, members of parliaments, judges and civil servants, which are not included in any judicial decisions or Acts, called constitutional conventions. It is difficult to define what are also named the rules of morality due to the different opinions given by distinct men in political life. Dicey delineate them as "understandings, habits or practices"1 while G. Marshall believes "conventions are non-legal rules regulating the way in which legal rules shall be applied"2. Being a major part of the British constitution, they function as a "record of successful applications or precedents"3 and accept the "patterns of social behaviour and opinion"4 of an evolutionary nation. Even though they are not enforced by courts, due to their constant progression adapting to current events, these rules of constitutional behaviour are
