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The entrance of Porphyria brought life into the cottage, Browning shows this by telling the reader that Porphyria shut out the cold of the storm. It's almost as if she bought life to the cottage and to the narrator also.
The cause of strain in their relationship is that Porphyria comes from a much higher class; she is too proud to leave the life of riches and luxury for the life a poor person, with the narrator in his cottage. The line From pride, and vainer ties dissever confirms the point. Porphyria is unwilling to leave her own ...
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The entrance of Porphyria brought life into the cottage, Browning shows this by telling the reader that Porphyria shut out the cold of the storm. It's almost as if she bought life to the cottage and to the narrator also.
The cause of strain in their relationship is that Porphyria comes from a much higher class; she is too proud to leave the life of riches and luxury for the life a poor person, with the narrator in his cottage. The line From pride, and vainer ties dissever confirms the point. Porphyria is unwilling to leave her own style of life, in order to be with the narrator. I believe that this decision angers him even more and it possibly played a part in his final decision to murder Porphyria.
When the narrator realises that Porphyria loves him he then makes up his mind that he is going to murder her. He is very pleased and surprised that a wealthy girl like her is in love with someone as poor as himself, Happy and proud; at last I knew Porphyria worshipped me. The narrator notes how this made his heart swell , this was whilst he debated what to do . This debating of whether to kill Porphyria or not, while being so happy because Porphyria is in love with the narrator, suggests that the narrator has a cold, calculating mind, he thinks carefully about what he is going to do. The murder by the narrator is a pre-meditated attack; it cannot be seen as a crime de passion . His decision to kill Porphyria is expressed in cold, measured language. The narrator is oCHNKINK
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Compare the two poems 'Porphyria's lover' and 'My Last Duchess' by Robert Browning. In which way do they form part of a literary tradition?
Both Porphyria s Lover and My Last Duchess are written in the style of a dramatic monologue. A dramatic monologue is where the narrator describes a moment of crisis in his life, to a real listener or reader. In a dramatic monologue you only hear one person s side of the story, one point of view. The language in a dramatic monologue is very stylised to show the characteristics of a narrator. Both poems describes a moment of crisis in the narrator s life. The themes in the moment of crisis could be of failure, success, power or disappointment. The characters in a dramatic monologue are usually discontented, untrustworthy, frustrated, angry and dangerous. The characters normally have an unstable mind.
An example of a dramatic monologue from the sixteenth century would be soliloquies in Shakespeare s Macbeth . Macbeth, intends to kill a king. He lists all the reasons on stage why he should not kill the king, when no one else is around, which enables him to think his thoughts out loud. Alan Bennet uses dramatic monologues in the twentieth century in his televised plays Talking Heads . There is only one person on stage talking to the camera, about an important crisis in his or her life.
The opening words of Porphyria's Lover establish the mood of the narrator. The narrator is a very angry man, and here the weather is been personified to show the angry mood of the narrator. The words sullen , spite , and vex which are being used to describe the storm outside are all words which are generally associated with anger. The entrance of Porphyria signals a change of mood in the poem, Browning shows this by bsessed with Porphyria, mainly because he believes that if he can't have her then nobody else can. He is driven to murder insanity by his inability to posses his love. The repetition of the word 'mine' 'mine' suggests his delight at possessing her and realising that she actually loves him. The narrator's thoughts here are proving that the is a mentally unstable man and he is virtually psychotic. Also the narrator shows how psychotic he his because he plans to kill something so Perfectly pure and gold. Why should the narrator plan to kill something so good. The expresses the fact that the murder is so twisted and the narrator is so insane and demented.
Browning places the act of murder in a rhyming couplet. He states how,
'In one yellow string I wound
Three times her little throat around'.
This draws our attention to the murder and it gives the act an air of finality. The two lines above sound like something taken from a nursery rhyme; which shows the childlike state of mine that the narrator has and makes it seem like murdering someone is an everyday thing for the narrator. He actually believes that she never felt any pain through out the whole ordeal, I am quite sure she felt no pain. The irony here is that he is trying to justify what he has done and also how would he know that Porphyria felt no pain. Once again this shows the narrator s unstable sense of mind.
The narrator doesn't feel any remorse for what he has done, No pain felt she. He is worried about the expression on her face, I warily opened her lids. This is represented through the use of the word warily , when describing opening Porphyria s eyelids. When he sees that it is normal he is pleased because he now believes that she is not angry with him for what he has done, it shows how obsessed he is with her. This is again probably because he is mentally unstable because after you had just killed someone that wouldn't be the most important thing on your mind.
In the poem, the narrator is recreating the position which they were in earlier before in the poem only this time he is making himself the dominant partner, whereas before Porphyria was the dominant partner. The phrase, my shoulder bore implies this. At last the narrator thinks that he is in charge and he thinks that thinks that Porphyria wants her head on his shoulder. The narrator does this because the common belief that men were the dominant partner in the 19th century. In those times women were seen as secondary to men. The role has been reversed by the act of murder.
The narrator believes that he has done the right thing by murdering her, he believes that he has given her happiness. This is seen through the use of words such as smiling and glad when describing Porphyria s face after being murdered. What the narrator is basically saying is that it is what she wanted. Again this is because he is mentally unstable
Even after the murder the narrator is still convinced that what he has done is good. This is seen at the point where he states that God has not said anything. He feels that his actions have justification, in his demented condition he actually believes that God has condoned the murder. The poem ends with a rhyming couplet. The rhyming couplet is used to signal the end of narrative importance of the final statement. This was a technique that was often used by Shakespeare.
Like 'Porphyria's Lover' 'My Last Duchess' is written as a continuous narrative dealing with only one conversation, although the events leading up to the death of the duchess are spread over a period of time. Again as in Porphyria's Lover we only see one point of view. The rhyming pattern through out the poem goes ab ab ab ab, which is a rhyming couplet. The poem is written like this so it enables Browning effectivley to capture the colloquial nature of the Duke s speech. The Duke and the narrator from Porphyria's lover are very similar people, both men want to control the women in their lives and they both find it very hard to do this.
My Last Duchess is about a pompous Duke speaking to an Ambassador representing the father of his future bride. He is warning the Count of Tyrol not to let his daughter make the same mistake as his last wife did otherwise he will kill her. The Duke is a very powerful man. He was also very possessive over his last wife just like the Narrator was with Porphyria. He murdered her on the basis that she was having an affair although he had no evidence, he is to some extent unstable. The Duke feels no remorse for what he has done.
The poem begins and ends with Browning talking about works of art. The Duke greatly admires the painting of his last Duchess which hangs on the wall, 'That piece a wonder now he dose not like nobody to touch the curtain which is pulled over the painting. This is seen through the words but I and ask me being used when talking on the topic of the curtain. It should be noted that most people are scared to touch the curtain because the Duke is a very powerful man
The Duke's last Duchess was a very beautiful women with good bodily features 'Fra Pandolf chanced to say 'Her mantle laps
Over my ladies wrist too much or paint'
This tells us that even the painter wants too see her nude, because of this reason the Duke suspected him of having an affair with his wife as he did with most people. The Duke also believes that she was very flirtatious.
The Duke speaks courteously to the representative of the Court of Tyrol even though he is a social inferior; he is manipulating him, just as he does with most people. It is seen in the poem when he says 'wilt you please . Even though the Duke is polite he is still very pompous at times, mainly towards the end of the poem when he is discussing the arranged marriage.
'though his fair daughters self as I avowed
'At starting, is my object. Nay we'll go'
Just like in Porphyria's lover women are treated of secondary importance in the household. They are not allowed to stray and they must conform to social ideas. It is shown in the poem when he speaks of taming a sea horse, referring to his new wife, this just shows how self centered he really is.
The Duke is a cultured man who values his possessions; it is shown through out the poem by the way he admires what he has got. He always gets what he wants, in this case he is referring to his new wife, he is speaking as if she is a possession and not a human being.
Throughout the poem we see what a powerful man the Duke is. He murders his wife for no good reason and he has no remorse for what he has done. There is no evidence that his wife was unfaithful to him. Nobody ever questions the Duke and he does what he wants when he pleases. The Duke is some extent unstable although unlike Porphria's lover he is in control of his language and his actions.
Both men in the two poems are similar in the way they handle their women, they both like to be in control but they find it hard to do this, they both murder their lovers because they are unable to possess their lovers one hundred percent.
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