Because it is hard to work on all of these per one session, I shall do four sessions concentrating on power and body composition and four sessions concentrating on speed and flexibility. In the sessions concentrating on power and body composition, I shall use apparatus such as; leg press, bench press, rowing machine, and use the elevated platform for doing sit ups. For the leg press I will do two lots of ten reps of one hundred kilograms, for the bench press I will do five lots of ten reps of forty kilograms, for the rowing machine I will do two lots of three hundred metres, and for the sit ups I will do five lots of twenty sit ups. In the sessions concentrating on speed and flexibility, I shall use apparatus such as; bench press, rowing machine and spend ten minutes alone on stretching. For the bench press I will do five lots of ten reps on eight kilograms, for the rowing machine I will do four lots of fifty metre sprints and for the stretching, I will do it continuous with varied types for ten minutes.
The leg press involves the joints hip and knee, the muscles for the hip are gluteus maximus, hamstrings and illiopsas, and the muscles for the knee are quadriceps and hamstrings. The bench press involves the joints elbow and shoulder, the muscles for the elbow are biceps brachii and triceps brachii, and the muscles for the shoulder (for flexion & extension) are posterior and anterior deltoids, latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major. The elevated apparatus for the sit-ups involves the torso, the muscles used in this region are rectus abdominus and external obliques. But the rowing machine involves pretty much every joint in the anatomy, so must use pretty much every muscle in the anatomy. Because of these combinations, I can meet the demands of using most muscles in martial arts.
All of the above amounts and times will change due to characteristics of training. The characteristics are; specificity, progression, overload, reversibility and tedium. Specificity is to train the muscles that are used in the activity, this is done, as martial arts uses all muscles and the apparatus’ used will cover all necessary muscle groups. Progression is that the body will adapt to the intensity of the load being placed on it, this will be done as I am going to change the session outline depending on its level of ease. Overload means that training should be at a level of some discomfort, this would also be done as I change the session outline to become more difficult. Reversibility refers to when you do not use the trained muscles then they become more adapted to everyday life (atrophy), this should not affect me P.E.P. as the two different training sessions are going to be alternate. Tedium involves making the sessions interesting, so that I will be motivated to put more effort into it, therefore beneficial.
There will also be many safety implications due to using machinery and the way the body works. For instance, when we are about to train it is important to remember that we must first warm up –this increases the heart rate causing the capillaries to dilate due to the release of adrenaline which in turn leads to an increased speed of oxygen delivery, it will also lead to an increase of muscle temperature which increases the metabolism and facilitates enzyme activity thus ensuring a readily available supply of energy, the increase in muscle temperature also leads to a decrease of viscosity (thickness) within the muscle leading to greater elasticity and extensibility of the muscle fibres therefore increasing speed and power of contractions, the warm up also leads to an increase in speed of nerve impulses making us more alert and finally, joint movement becomes more efficient through the increase of synovial fluid. The first stage of warming up is to increase heart rate therefore increasing body temperature and speed of oxygen delivery, this can be as simple as skipping or jogging, the second stage involves stretching exercises, the three types are; static e.g. against a wall, active e.g. movement from touching toes and dynamic e.g. using appropriate muscle groups relative to a skill associated with your sport, the third and final stage for warming up involves the rehearsing of a movement e.g. practicing racket strokes.
And secondly – cool down, this is after the training session, it is to prevent any unnecessary discomfort, it involves light exercise to keep the heart rate slightly elevated to keep metabolic action high and capillaries dilated, therefore enabling oxygen to move through muscle tissue to oxidise and remove the built up lactic acid, then stretching again whilst the muscles are still warm , it also allows time to recover from oxygen debt. The warm up and cool down can just be very simple, as I will be spending five minutes before and after each session doing simple activities such as; jogging lightly on the spot, stretching the torso, arms and legs. Another safety issue reverts back to the machinery, because most of it is complex then I will need to ensure that I know how to use and prepare correctly, and also do a little preliminary test before the first session to find out how much I can move/reps I can do. Because of my training I am already to a certain extent should be slightly above average, but do occasionally suffer with my left knee as it is an old injury and sometimes starts to erect pain especially in running or similar activities.
PRE – P.E.P. TEST
