are from the world to small material, are combined with the four elements. It goes without saying that
people’s bodies are also composed of the four elements. In explaining why people’s bodies contain suffering,
a Chinese philosopher once said, “My big problem is having my own body.” In fact, people’s
bodies gather the all of suffering of nature. There are many suffering in people’s minds, such as greed, hatred
and desire. Similarly, people’s bodies also suffer from the cycle of birth and death. Nothing is permanent in a
long period, so everything at the end of result is emptiness. In other words, when the things of
impermanence catch people, they will also suffer from the emptiness. Since human beings have suffered, they
are supposed to follow the Buddhist ways to free them from the samsara. On the contrary, if people are not
aware that they are in suffering, they won’t have willing and consciousness to eliminate it.
According to Heart Sutra, “When the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara was coursing in the deep,
Prajnaparamita, He saw that the five skandhas were empty….”the term five skandhas means five aggregates.
Five skandhas composed of form, feeling, perception, mental formation and consciousness. Furthermore,
Skandhas means to cover; people’s Buddhist minds are covered by the five skandhas. Therefore, if people
can understand that the nature of five aggregates is emptiness, they can experience the selflessness.
According to Buddhism, the body of five skandhas is to unite with karmic cause, which is
impermanence. Thus, there is no self. In simple way, people can not see the truth of nature when there
are clouds in the sky. By the same token, when people take away the falsehoods from their minds, they also
can see the truth of Buddhism.
On the other hand, the reason why the mind is the source of all confusion, for examples, a man’s mind
arises the thought of greed when he sees a rich guy with money. If the man really wants to get the money
without right deeds, he might beat the rich man and steal money. The examples show that from mind to
body, they are impure. Because of bad cause from mind, people’s bodies create the bad motivation in order
to fulfill their desires and passions.
To sum up, if human beings can realize and meditate the truth of impermanence, suffering, and selfless
clearly, they can be completely liberated from the cycle to birth and death.
The Second Realization
Human beings－1.More desires because of greed－cause＞
2.Suffering because of samsara－effect＞
Bodhisattvas－1.little desire and ambition because of precepts>
2.to relax their bodies and minds because of freeing from entanglement>
From the Second Realization to the Seventh Realization, they are talking about the view of life for
Buddhism. Thus, more desires are the root of samara. Human beings from birth to death are in the six
realms with endless suffering, which results from the desire and greed. Besides people’s situation, we also
can see some similar phenomenon from the natural world. For example, the flame forever attracts the
flying moth, and fish in the water usually is caught by the fishhook because of greed. People usually have
wrong notion that when they fulfill their desire, they have better and happy lives. Actually, people
with more desires will have more sufferings. Since it is impossible for people to satisfy their desires; they
are always not contented with what they have got. In other words, mankind will suffer if they can’t
succeed what they want to gain. However, suffering still exists even though they make it, owing to
people’s unfulfilled desires.
There is an old saying,” people will have better morality without desires.” For example, some
businessmen speak sweet words, and flatter someone in order to make more money and property. Thus, it
is a fact that more desire brings more sufferings. Another proverb also proves the point, “ the less desire a
man has, and the less disappointment he owns.” So it is important for people to have few desires and
ambition. Since if people have fewer desires, their minds will be full of upright and happiness without
inappropriate request. Then, our bodies and minds are free from worldly cares.
The Third Realization
Human beings－1.to be always searching for possessions ＞
2.never to feel fulfilled＞
Bodhisattvas－1.to remember the principle of having few desire.＞
2. To live a simple life in peace in order to practice the way＞
The Third Realization means to fell fulfilled is the foot of practicing way. Similarly, people have to get rid
of desire if they want to liberate from samsara. Moreover, people also have to be content with what they
have. However, people who are not satisfied won’t enlighten the path. In my opinion, I believe that most
people live in the narrow world of getting fame and property without satisfaction, and then they waste
their lives with misery. What a pity! Since the evil of the world and the misfortune of life both result from
unfulfilled minds.
Most important of all, people should learn how to feel satisfied with few possessions. Then they can
feel free and content with what they own which makes them practice the way of bodhisattvas strongly.
Hence, those who want to achieve the enlightenment must pursue and liberate as their careers with
satisfied minds.
The Fourth Realization
Human beings－1.laziness is an obstacle to practice＞samsara
Bodhisattvas－1.to practice diligently＞1.to destroy the unwholesome mental factors＞
2.to conquer the four kinds of Mara＞to free from the prisons of the five aggregates and the three worlds.
The Fourth Realization is to practice diligently is the root of destroying Mara. Generally speaking, no
matter what human beings do, they must have the spirits of diligence and patience. In other words, it is
possible for people to have obstacles and frustration when they want to practice the way. However, people
will achieve nothing if they are hesitated or became lazy. To be lazy without diligence is the trouble of life.
Laziness combines with the tiredness of root for people’s bodies and the indulgence of spirit for people’s
minds. The best remedy to cure laziness is to diligently practice. Since if people have learned how to feel
satisfied with few desires, they won’t let neglect time. The main idea of practicing diligently means to
arise the kindness and to destroy the bad thought. Owing to the world is composed of Buddhist and evil
world. People who practice diligently will enlighten to be a Buddha. On the contrary, if people practice the
way with laziness, they will easily fall into the evil world. Most important of all, human beings make this
kind of lazy mistakes on the process of way, which shows that they don’t appreciate their valuable time
and life. What’s more, they don’t even meditate on impermanence, suffering and selflessness well. On the
other hand, the four kinds of Mara include unwholesome mental factors, five skandhas, death, and
distractions. The five skandhas is life suffering; the three worlds is like burning house. Thus, the world
and the people’s bodies are similar to jails where we can’t rely on at all. Therefore, as long as people
practice diligently, their bodies and minds can be liberated from the imprisonment of death and birth, the
five skandhas , and the three worlds. In other words, people will live in peaceful a bright world when they
achieve enlightenment.
The Fifth Realization
Human beings－Greed, hatred, ignorance, and doubt＞ignorance is the cause of the endless of birth and death.
Bodhisattvas－To learn more from precept ,meditation an wisdom＞Great Happiness＞educate people with sutra.
The Fifth Realization means that Wisdom is the root of transforming ignorance. From Buddhism,
not to liberate from the cycle of birth and death is ignorance. Because of ignorance, people commit sins
from doubt and suffering endlessly. People who can’t understand the truth clearly, which means their nature
of Buddhism if cover by blindness. In fact, they are two different kinds of ignorance. One is the opinion of
ignorance, such as evil or precepts opinion. Another is the thought of ignorance, such as greed, hatred,
foolishness, and doubt. However, it is sad that human being seldom feel that they are in suffering of birth
and death because of their ignorance. On the other hand, bodhisattvas do their best to free from the
ignorance and samsara. In bodhisattvas’ minds, what they do eagerly is to learn the wisdom as much as
possible and listen to Buddha’s teachings. Then bodhisattvas can develop their wisdom to be well spoken.
Their goals is to educate and help everyone in the world where is full of great joy.
The sixth Realization
Human beings－1. To complain about gods without power＞
2. To complain about the world without favor＞
3. To complain about their family members without uselessness.＞
4. To complain about their masters of friends without kindness.＞
Bodhisattvas－ 1.To practice generosity of property－to help people with useful assistances
2. To practice generosity of the wisdom of sutra－to educate people with truth
3. To practice generosity of fearless－to give people with spiritual comfort.
The sixth Realization to practice generosity is the root of educating human beings. It is possible for
poor men to blame everyone and everything but themselves. Owing to their poverty, they are jealous of
rich men who have power and social position. What’s worse, they may arise bad thought to commit murder
from their greedy minds. Generally speaking, those who practice the way of bodhisattva won’t blame god
or men whether they are poor or not. Moreover, Bodhisattva is willing to practice generosity with
everything they have. In fact, practicing generosity is the best way to become rich. So people also have to
develop their affectionate love from generosity. Those who practice Mahayana that generosity are the most
significant things. However, it is easy for people to practice generosity to their relatives, or those people
they love. In other word, they are unwilling to be generous with their enemies. In Bodhisattvas’ view, as
long as people need to help, Bodhisattva will be unselfish to assist them equally, no matter who they are.
On the other hand, people who learn the wisdom of Buddhism are not supposed to have the minds of hatred.
People should forgive and give someone a chance to repent when he treats them unfairly.
The seventh Realization
Human beings－the five categories of desire:1.Beign wealthy
2.Being beautiful
3.Being ambitious
4.To find pleasure in eating
5.Being lazy
Bodhisattvas－laypeople－1.the possession with three robes and one bowl＞
2.to live simply in order to practice the way.＞
－monks－1.the precepts keep from attachment to worldly things.
2.to treats everyone equally and with compassion.
The seventh Realization means to hold precepts are the root of controlling desires. Most people in the
world who don’t have wisdom thinks it is very happy to seek more five categories of desires. Those who
have achieved enlightenment realize the five categories of desires may arise mistakes, even though it is
possible to suffer the cycle of birth and death. Different kinds of Buddhists have different ways to enlighten.
For example, Laypeople at least should keep the five precepts. Not to kill with kindness. Not to steal with
righteousness. Not to have wrong sex with good manners. Not to lie with honest. Not to drink with clear
mind. The five precepts are the foundation of being people. In other words, being a good people, and it
goes without saying to achieve enlightenment. According to the sutra, although laypeople don’t’ become
monks, they still have to keep their minds with monastic precepts. One part of people’s life is supposed to
be alike monastic life. As for monks or nuns, they have to be away from faults and desires. Most important
of all, they usually have Great Vows to bring happiness to the world and to remove people’s suffering.
Moreover, monks and nuns often are supposed to practice the way of bodhisattva as great as they can.
Finally, they can educate and help people with Mahayana love.
