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Diabetes mellitus

Type 1 and 2

Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with high blood sugar levels. This is because the body is unable to use glucose effectively so therefore glucose levels are too high.

The reason why there is too much glucose is because the pancreas may no longer produce insulin so therefore blood glucose cannot enter the cells to be used for energy (type 1) or either the pancreas does not make enough insulin or the body is unable to use insulin correctly (type 2).

Diabetes . . .

Type 1

This is the least common of the two types only about 5-10% of people suffering from diabetes suffer from type1. it is a long life condition in which the pancreas stops producing insulin. Without insulin the body is not able to use glucose for energy. To treat this disease people must inject themselves with insulin followed by a diet plan, exercise daily and testing your blood sugar levels several times a day.

Type 2

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes mellitus. About 90-95% percent of people who have diabetes have type 2 diabetes. People with type 2 diabetes produce insulin, but either do not make enough insulin or their bodies or do not use the insulin they make. Most of the people who have this type of diabetes are overweight. People with type 2 diabetes may be able to control their condition by losing weight through diet and exercise. They may also need to inject insulin or take medicine along with continuing to follow a healthy program of diet and exercise. Although type 2 diabetes commonly occurs in adults, an increasing number of children and teenagers who are overweight are also developing type 2 diabetes. This shows you just how important it is to have a healthy and well-balanced diet as well as a healthy lifestyle. Being too overweight is likely to cause type 2 diabetes and later on in life gives you a higher chance of getting heart disease; it could be harder to breathe and sleep. It can cause aches and pains, also make people feel tired all the time. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can cure people of type 2 diabetes but being underweight also has consequences. If you are underweight, you need to think about the risk you are posing to your own health. You increase your likelihood to have osteoporosis (which means porous bones, is a disease that causes bones to become fragile and to break), the effectiveness of your immune system may be decreased. In women, you may lose your period or have irregularities and you may have problems with infertility. Maintaining a healthy weight with a balanced diet can help improve these problems. Type two diabetes is also a problem with the cells in organs that store glucose – they become desensitized to insulin and therefore cant take out glucose.

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In the U.K

An estimated 1.4 million people in the UK are known to have diabetes, with possibly up to a million more undiagnosed.

An estimate of the costs of insulin dependent type 1 diabetes in England and Wales put the direct costs at £96 million and the indirect costs at £113 million.

Overall, estimates suggest that diabetes costs the NHS at least £2 billion every year - 8 per cent of total hospital spending. More than half of this sum is spent treating the complications of the disease, and 10 per cent of hospital beds ...

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This is a very good essay on diabetes 1 and 2. How they occur, the symptoms and treatments. Comments on how to expand the text and investigate other areas are given. Although stand alone it is still very good. 4 stars.