The aim is to investigate if there is a link between the number of carbon atoms in a fuel and the amount of heat produced by that fuel.
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The purpose of this lab is to identify two different unknown organic compounds, through investigating different chemical properties by various experiments. The chemicals could be alkanes (hexane), alkenes (hex-1-ene) or alcohols (methylpentan-1-ol or hexa
Identification of unknown organic compounds Mohit Parkash Elias Assaf Mr. Nicolas Chemistry B N2A IEGS Introduction; We are provided with three sample bottles each containing 5-10 cm3 of aqueous solutions. Two of the compounds are pure organic substances while one substance is a mixture of the two pure organic compounds. The pure substances provided could possibly be Hexane, Hex-1-ene, Hexan-1-ol or methylpentan-1-ol. Aim; The purpose of this lab is to identify two different unknown organic compounds, through investigating different chemical properties by various experiments. The chemicals could be alkanes (hexane), alkenes (hex-1-ene) or alcohols (methylpentan-1-ol or hexan-1ol). Background; Alkanes, alkenes and alcohols are all organic compounds with different chemical/physical properties. Different chemical properties give different reactions with other substances, and different physical properties are for instance boiling point, melting point and density. By testing for their properties it is possible to determine what an unknown organic compound is. Alkenes are very useful compounds that can be used for fuel and illuminant, for the manufacture of a variety of polymers and as raw material for the manufacture of industrial chemicals such as alcohols etc. Alkanes are very useful compounds that can be used in the production of polymers and fuels. The
Chemistry - Reactivity Serires report
Name: Daniel Shih Form: 5D Teacher: Dr. Aravind School: Kiangsu-Chekiang College International Section Date: 12th January 2007 Index I Introduction Planning - Aims, Variables, Fair Test, Prediction, Hypothesis Planning - Apparatus, Procedure, Measurement, Safety rules Obtaining - Observation, Results Observation Analyse - Table 1 and Table 2 Analyse - Table 3 and Table 4 Analyse - Table 5 Evaluation, Conclusion Resources Introduction: What is the reactivity of metal? The reactivity of metal was the rate of metal which it would be reacting with each others. The higher the reactivity was, they could have replaced the more other kind of metal in the metal solutions. The metal who has the highest reactivity now is Potassium (K). What is metal? Metal is elements, there were more than 50 kinds of metals scientists have discovered today. The metal have different reactivity rate. Just like the Food Chain, higher reactivity metal can replace the lower reactivity metal when the reactions have occurs. How the reactions can occurs? The reaction occurs when a metal have replaced the other kind of metal in a solution, as example, When Magnesium have be drop into a Iron Sulphate solution, reaction occurs. Magnesium will take over irons placed, and formed Magnesium Sulphate solution, and left with Iron crystal. The Word equation will be: Magnesium + Iron Sulphate
Hydrocarbons and the importance of oil as a power source.
Importance of OIL BY: Shivaans Doshii Grade: 9.1 Chemistry Essay PART 1 Fossil fuels are a source of energy that comes from once-living things. When living things die, they are broken down and covered by dust, soil or sand. As they are covered over by once-living things and by more layers of soil, sand and rock, they get buried deeper and deeper below Earth's surface. These layering of once-living things, sand and soil are eventually subjected to very high pressure and to very high temperature. When the pressure is great enough, the sand and soil change into rock. And at just the right temperature, the once-living things change into liquid called oil and a gas called natural gas. This oil and gas are found in porous rocks. Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. The fractions at the top of the fractionating column have lower boiling points than the fractions at the bottom. The heavy bottom fractions are often cracked into lighter, more useful products. All the fractions are then processed further. The fractions at the top have a lower boiling point. The fractions at the bottom have a higher boiling point Some fractions from the distillation tower need to be transformed into new components. This is where a refinery
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Iron ore: processes and History Intro An ore also is a mixture of one or more minerals. We distinguish ore from rock in that a valuable and/or useful material can be mined or extracted from the ore. This material often is a metal. Iron ore, is mined for its iron content. Mining companies sell the ore to manufacturers who extract the iron and use it in producing iron and steel products. The portion of the ore that is not iron is considered a waste or by-product. Even though it is considered a waste of the iron process, the by-product may be useful in some other process. Firstly, iron is quite magnetic. Ores can be located by magnetic sensing akin to backyard metal detectors, and possibly even harvested, unoxidised iron at least, with simple electromagnets. Underground mining is achieved by sinking shafts to the appropriate levels and then driving horizontal tunnels, called adits, to reach the ore. Underground mining is, however, relatively expensive and is generally limited to rich ores. Iron compounds are used as a colourant in glasses, which look to have a tremendous importance in lunar construction, manufacturing, and export. Process: Over-view Smelting is a way of getting metals from the rocks in which they exist in their natural form. These rocks are often known as ores. These ores are heated to a high temperature in an oven or a kiln, so that the metal in them
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Chemistry SCIEP
S.C.I.E.P. My aim is to discover and investigate the relationship between the reactants and the rate of the chemical reaction. Basically i will work out what affects the rate of reaction and why. The reactants are marble chips and hydrochloric acid. We can carry out this investigation in several ways; first we can use a gas syringe connected to a test tube via a rubber tube, containing the reactants. This is shown in method 1. We can also displace the carbon dioxide into a tray filled with water which is then trapped in an upside down tube. See method 2. Method 1 _____________________________________ Method 2 Factors The rate of reaction between the marble chips and hydrochloric acid is affected by a number of variants such as temperature, concentration surface area and changing the quantity and air pressure. To make this a reliable experiment the factors that could affect the experiment will be controlled and measured. A thermometer will be used to so we can adjust the temperature accordingly. We cannot easily control the size of the individual marble chips but we decided to use small marbles chips of similar size, instead of medium or large. We will also restrict the weight of the marble chips to 2 grams to be as accurate as possible. The concentration of the acid will always have a margin of difference because this is what we are investigating but we will
Viscosity of Alkanes
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Methods of Removal of Hardness in Water
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Chemistry coursework - Fuels
Planning Aim In this investigation I will have to find out which of the alcohol fuels: methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, is the best. The 'best' one will be the one which creates the most energy whilst burning. Introduction and prediction A fuel is a substance burned for heat or power. The best type of fuel is one that: can be transported safely without the worry of it catching on fire, gives out a lot of heat for a certain mass, does not cost very much, lights quickly, burns slowly, is safe to use and does not give off any form of polluting gases. When burning alcohols, as I am going to do in this investigation, the reaction is exothermic as heat is given out. Breaking the bonds of the original alcohol by burning requires energy-it is endothermic, making the bonds of the new products of burning the alcohol ie carbon dioxide and water gives out energy-it is exothermic. I predict that Butanol will require the most energy as it has the most bonds holding the carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms together. Propanol will require the second largest amount of energy, Ethanol the third and Methanol the least amount of energy to break these bonds. Methanol CH3OH Ethanol C2H5OH Propanol C3H7OH Butanol C4H9OH Pentanol C5H10OH Therefore I predict that Methanol will be the 'best' fuel, followed by Ethanol, then Propanol and the worst fuel will be Butanol. Apparatus
