An investigation to determine the factors which affect the rate of reaction between Calcium carbonate (marble chips) and the concentration of Hydrochloric acid.

An investigation to determine the factors which affect the rate of reaction between Calcium carbonate (marble chips) and the concentration of Hydrochloric acid. Background knowledge Collision theory- In order for any reaction to occur the reacting particles needs to collide with sufficient energy to overcome the activation of he reaction. To make a reaction happen more quickly we either need to: > Increase the chance of collision occurring > Increase the energy collision > Both Aim The aim of the investigation is to determine the effect of varying the concentration, in the reaction between Calcium carbonate and Hydrochloric acid. The equation for the reaction is: Hypothesis A reaction can only take place when particles collide. This process is based on random particle movement. So therefore, if you have more particles in a given volume the more likely they are to collide with one another. Resulting in a faster rate of reaction. The above hypothesis can be investigated by comparing the rate of reaction between the marble chips and hydrochloric acid using different concentration of hydrochloric acid. The hypothesis will be supported if the rate of reaction increases with increase in concentration of the hydrochloric acid. Factors which affect the rate of reaction: * Temperature * Surface area * Concentration * Catalyst * Stirring I will be looking

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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Investigating the reaction between magnesium ribbon and hydrochloric acid

Investigating the reaction between magnesium ribbon and hydrochloric acid Introduction Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid and as magnesium is a more reactive element than hydrogen it extracts the chloride from the hydrochloric acid and joins with it to make magnesium chloride. Hydrogen gas is then given off as it has now left its compound state and become an element. Magnesium + Hydrochloric Acid Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2 There are four main factors which can affect the rate of reaction. These are: temperature, concentration, surface area and if a catalyst is present. A catalyst is a chemical which increases the rate of reaction by lowering the energy activation level causing more collisions per second and therefore more successful collisions every second. A catalyst can not be used up or changed and can be recycled. An enzyme is a biological catalyst. A greater surface area increases the rate of reaction by allowing the particles around it in the solution more area to react with and therefore more collisions every second hence more successful collisions every second. A greater concentration increases the rate of reaction as there are more particles in every centimetre cubed to react. This causes more reactions every second so there are more successful collisions every second. The greater the temperatures the

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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To investigate how varying the temperature of the reaction between amylase and starch affects the rate of reaction.

An experiment to investigate the effect of temperature In the reaction between amylase and starch Aim To investigate how varying the temperature of the reaction between amylase and starch affects the rate of reaction. Prediction I predict that as the temperature of the reaction increases, so will the rate of chemical reaction. Scientific knowledge: As the temperature increases, the particles will have more energy to move around faster, resulting in more collisions which will lead to chemical reactions. This is linked to the collision theory, and as the temperature increases in this experiment, more collisions will occur between the amylase and starch, which should result in more starch being broken down into glucose. Method I will be heating up the starch and amylase separately to the first chosen temperature in a water bath so that the test tube is not directly heated. I will heat them with a Bunsen burner and check the temperature with a thermometer. When at the desired temperature the amylase and starch will be mixed and a stop-clock will be started. A sample of the mixture will be taken after every 30 seconds. Each sample will be mixed with a small amount of iodine on a spotted tile to see what colour the iodine changes to. I will then be able to determine how fast the amylase is breaking down the starch at that temperature. This will be performed at each

  • Word count: 777
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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Investigation to find the effects of different concentrations of sodium thiosulphate mixed with hydrochloric acid. We wanted to find a precise set of results so we used a laptop computer to record the experiment.

AIM 2: For this experiment we had the same aim as the first experiment (i.e. to find the effects of different concentrations of sodium thiosulphate mixed with hydrochloric acid). Although this time we wanted to find a more precise set of results so we used a laptop computer to record the experiment. APPARATUS: The apparatus used included: a flask, a measuring cylinder, an empty flask lined with black paper, a laptop computer and a sensor lamp. METHOD 2: We put sodium thiosulphate into the flask and some dilute sulphuric acid into the cylinder; water was also prepared so that it could be used to mix with the sodium thiosulphate. In addition to this the laptop computer was connected to the sensor lamp, which pointed into the empty flask lined with black paper. For the first experiment we added the two liquids and then began the program on the laptop. This program is used to record the time taken for the mixture to turn opaque in 2 minutes. When the lamp's light is cut off from the sensor, it means the reaction has finished. For the second experiment, instead of pure sodium thiosulphate being added to the hydrochloric acid, some of it was replaced by water. In this way the experiment shows how long it takes for the reaction to take place using different concentrations of sodium thiosulphate. Five experiments were intended to be performed in total (although we only managed to

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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investigate the effects of temperature on the reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid.

Science Coursework: Rates of Reaction Skill section P Aim: To investigate the effects of temperature on the reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid. Scientific Knowledge: Reaction: When atoms or groups of atoms re-arrange resulting in the change of molecular structure in substances, is only possible when the particles collide with the other reactants with enough energy to form the transition state and change it into other products. Without such circumstances reaction will not be possible. This is collision theory. The factors that affect the rate of reaction are: - Temperature - Pressure - Size of surface area in which reaction will take place - The concentration of reactants The reaction will take effect faster if any of these are increased. That is all because of collision theory. Reactants also need to have sufficient energy, activation energy, to react. If increasing temperature, the reactants will vibrate more making it more likely for them to collide and collide harder as they have more energy, meaning that they will have the activation energy to make reaction more likely. If pressure is high then there is more chance for the reactants to collide as they will be closer to each other. If surface area is increased then more reactants can collide with each other as there is more space for collision. When there is a higher concentration of

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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How does the concentration of the reactants affect the rate of reaction when sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid are combined?

How does the concentration of the reactants affect the rate of reaction when sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid are combined? Introduction: A chemical reaction is a process in which one set of chemical substances, known as the reactants, are changed into another substance or set of substances, called the products. The factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions include: * Particle size. * The use of a catalyst * Concentration. * Pressure. * Temperature. For my investigation I have chosen to analyse the way in which the rate of reaction is altered by the concentration of the reactants. When the reactants, sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid, are combined they produce 4 different products as shown in the following equation: Sodium Thiosulphate + Hydrochloric Acid --> Sodium + Water + Sulphur + Sulphur Chloride Dioxide Na2S2O3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) --> 2NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) + SO2 (g) + S (s) In my experiment I intend to change the concentration of the sodium thiosulphate and measure the effect this has on the rate of the reaction. The rate will be indicated by how much light is obscured by the precipitated sulphur at certain time intervals. The actual time taken for the reaction is measured by the time taken for the sulphur to be precipitated. The sulphur becomes a milky yellow colour, which obscures a cross, drawn

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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The aim of this investigation is to study how temperature would affect the rate of reaction.

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE OF REACTION. AIM: The aim of this investigation is to study how temperature would affect the rate of reaction. PREDICTION: The rate of a chemical reaction is the speed at which it takes place. Temperature is a major factor in this as increasing or decreasing the temperature changes the movement of particles in a substance therefore changing the rate of reaction. When a reaction mixture is heated up, each particle in it acquires more energy and collides more with other particles. I have shown below what the particles state would be when either hot or cold. I predict that if you increase the temperature of a particular reaction, you increase the speed at which it takes place. This is simply because the particles carry more energy and collide more often thus speeding up the reaction time. Particles, when moving faster, collide with greater power. The reaction therefore becomes faster. Collisions between particles are useless unless they break the energy barrier and this is exactly what increasing the temperature will allow them to do. I also predict that my graphs will look like the ones shown below. METHOD: The formula I will use in this investigation is: Sodium Thiosulphate+ Hydrochloric Acid> Sodium Chloride+ Sulphur Dioxide+ Sulphur+ Water (Na S O (aq)

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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Investigation- To investigate the factors involved in the following reaction:Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(aq) + S(s)

Caroline Earp Investigation- To investigate the factors involved in the following reaction: Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) --> 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(aq) + S(s) PLANNING STAGE Variables: The following are variables which will affect my investigation. Temperature, Pressure, Concentration of Na2S2O3, Concentration of HCl, Stirring. The key variables which I'm going to investigate are Concentration of Na2S2O3 and Concentration of HCl. What I'm going to find out: I'm going to find out what effect varying the above stated variables has on the rate at which the reaction between Na2S2O3 and HCl takes place. What I expect to happen: I predict that when I double the concentration of the Na2S2O3, the rate of reaction will double. The relationship will be directly proportional and the graph that I will get will be a straight line thought the origin. The origin will be a point on the graph since if there is no Na2S2O3 then there will be no reaction. The relationship will only be directly proportional up to a certain point, when the rate will level off and increasing the concentration further will have no added effect. I predict that when I double the concentration of the HCl, the rate of reaction will double. Again the relationship will be directly proportional, and the graph a straight line through the origin. If there was no HCl then there would be no reaction and so the origin is

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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The rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid

Chemistry investigation the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid The question I am going to investigate is how the level of concentration would affect the rate of reaction. I am going to do this by diluting sodium disulphate with hydrochloric acid and time it at every step. Because I would want to see how the concentration affects the rate of reaction. Sodium Thiosulphate + Hydrochloric Acid --> Sodium Chloride + Sulphur Dioxide + water + Sulphur Na2S2O3+ 2HCl --> 2NaCl + SO2+ H2O + S Equipment Three different sized Beakers for hydrochloric acid, sodium Thiosulphate Two measuring cylinders to measure solutions Two pipettes to obtain the correct volume of hydrochloric acid and sodium Thiosulphate A stop clock used to time the reaction. One conical flask used as a reaction the container in which the reactants were added together and the reaction allowed to progress This equipment will help me more accurate, reliable results. The variable I have chosen to investigate are: • Input sodium thiosulphalte concentration • Output reaction I predict that the more the concentration the faster the chemical reaction. The scientific reason for my predication is the more the concentration the quicker the reaction. Also if we increased the amount of Sodium Thiosulphate in the solution, the rate of reaction might increase. If there is a

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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An investigation into how the concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution affects the rate of its reaction with hydrochloric acid.

Sam Miranda S5A An investigation into how the concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution affects the rate of its reaction with hydrochloric acid. Aim; The aim of this investigation is to see how the concentrations of reactants effect the rate at which a reaction occurs. The reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid can be used to investigate how the concentration of reactants used can effect the rate at which a reaction occurs. When the two chemicals react, they form a yellow precipitate turning a transparent solution into an opaque one. By using a beaker with a marked piece of paper positioned underneath it we can react the two chemicals of different concentrations and time the duration of the reaction. The pattern (in this case a cross) will disappear after a specific quantity of Sulphur suspension has formed. A chemical reaction occurs when two-reactant particles collide with sufficient energy, facing each other in the correct direction. There is always a transfer of energy and a new product formed. There is some times a change in the appearance of the new product. Adjusting several factors can increase the rate of a reaction. These include; - Concentration If we consider a reaction occurring in a solution the greater the concentration is the greater number of reactant particles are present or available. Therefore increasing the concentration

  • Word count: 2685
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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