Investigating the effect of changing temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid.
Investigating the effect of changing temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid. By Toni Bull Aim: The aim of this investigation is to find out and observe how temperature affects the rate of reaction. I am going to investigate the changes caused to the solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulphate when the temperature is changed. Prior Knowledge/Research: The rate of reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction precedes, expressed in terms of the amount of product formed or the amount of unit's (time taken) for a certain reaction to occur (usually in seconds). The Rate of Reaction varies greatly. Some chemical reactions, such as explosions, happen very quickly while others like rusting, occur very slowly. The rate of reaction can be affected by a number of factors: temperature, concentration and pressure, adding a catalyst, surface area/particle size and light. The one that I am going to be investigating and explaining about is Temperature. Changes in temperature change the kinetic energy of the particles and hence the numbers of successful collisions with enough energy to break existing bonds and make new products. The minimum energy needed for a successful collision is called the activation energy. For a reaction to take place reagent molecules must collide with each other. When they do so, they must possess
To investigate how the temperature of a substance affects the rate of a reaction.
Aim: The aim of this experiment is to investigate how the temperature of a substance affects the rate of a reaction. I will also look into how other factors (including my chosen factor) affect the rate of reaction and explain why I think this happens. I will show my findings and thoughts progressively in a way of written explanation, charts and graphs, diagrams and quotes from other sources. Scientific Thought: The rate of reaction is the rate of loss of a reactant or the rate of formation of a product during a chemical reaction. If the reaction takes a short time, this is a fast reaction, an example of this would be an explosion. Similarly, if the reaction takes a long time to occur, this is a slow reaction. Rust would be a good example of this. The speed of a reaction is inversely proportional to the time taken for the reaction to finish. It is measured by dividing 1 by the time taken for the reaction to take place. There is five factors which affect the rate of a reaction, according to the collision theory of reacting particles: temperature, concentration (of solution), pressure (in gases), surface area (of solid reactants), and catalysts. I have chosen to investigate the effect temperature has on the rate of my reaction. Catalysts A catalyst will only work for a certain reaction, or groups of reactions. For the experiment I will be doing, there is no available
To investigate how one variable affects the rate of reaction
GCSE Chemistry Coursework Rates of Reaction Aim: To investigate how one variable affects the rate of reaction Tom Anderson Year 10 KBY Rates of Reaction Coursework To investigate how one variable affects the rate of reaction Background Information: The rate of a reaction is the speed at which reactants react to form a product. If there is a low rate of reaction it means that the molecules have less energy and therefore react at a slower speed. If there is a high rate of reaction it means that the molecules have a large amount of energy therefore react at a faster speed. There are a number of variables that affect the rate of reaction, they are: * Concentration * Temperature * Surface Area * Catalysts * Pressure Rates of Reactions are explained by the collision theory (reference 1): "For two substances to react, their particles must collide together. Every time such a collision occurs there is the chance of a chemical reaction. Anything that increases then number of collisions taking place will increase the rate of reaction"(reference 1) Concentration: The more of a substance in a solution the higher the chance that molecules will collide and speed up the rate of the reaction. If there is less of a substance there will be fewer collisions and the reaction will happen at a slower speed. (See diagram 1) Diagram 1 This diagram shows that if there is more of a
The second most abundant element on Earth is the nonmetal silicon, which makes up about 28 percent of the Earth's crust.
SILICON. The second most abundant element on Earth is the nonmetal silicon, which makes up about 28 percent of the Earth's crust. It occurs only in such combined forms as silica (silicon dioxide) and silicate rocks and minerals. The most common form of silica is quartz, which includes sand and flint. Silicates are salts in which silica is combined with oxygen and other elements, such as aluminum, magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, and potassium. Silicon has a strong affinity for oxygen. Pure silicon can be obtained by breaking down its combined form. It is prepared commercially by reducing (removing the oxygen from) the oxide by reaction with a carbon-based substance such as coke in electric furnaces. Some silicon is obtained by reducing silicon dioxide with aluminum. Amorphous silicon, prepared in the laboratory by heating silica with magnesium powder, is a dark-brown crystalline powder. Pure silicon is a hard, dark-gray solid with a metallic luster. Its crystalline structure is the same as that of the diamond form of carbon, with which silicon shares many chemical and physical properties. Elemental silicon has few applications; it is used in metallurgy as a reducing agent and as an alloying element in steel, brass, and bronze. (See also Alloy.) Highly purified silicon is a poor conductor of electricity. When it is doped, or treated with other atoms, however, it
CHEMISTRY:OBESE
Topic 1. INTRODUCTION PAGE topic2. CONTENTS PAGE Topic 3. THE INTRODUCTION OF OBESITY AND HOW IT HAPPENED AND WHO IS OBESE topic4. FAST FOOD COMPANIES Topic 5. BLAME IT ON THE PARENTS? Topic 6. REASONS AGAINST BEING OBESE Topic 7. REASONS FOR BEING OBESE Topic 8. THE SCIENTIFIC SIDE: IS BEING OBESE IN YOUR GENES? Topic 9. CONCLUSION THE INTRODUCTION OF OBESITY AND HOW IT HAPPENED In recent years the problem of obesity has became a huge global issue, and in places like America it has spiralled out of control. Obesity is a condition in which big amounts of body fat have gathered together to such an extreme that general health may be affected very badly. In my case study I will be looking at the causes of obesity, and what people think on the matter. Also I will look at who is obese, what can be done about it, and why people are obese. Being heavily overweight or obese has many diseases that you can aquire if your not careful. These diseases are diabetes mellitus type 2, cardiovascular diseases and other various cancers. In scientific terms obesity is having a body mass index of 30+, 30-40 is very overweight and 40+ is morbidly obese and is a huge hazard to your health. In countries like America obesity is becoming more and more common, recent studies show that 39.8 million american adults, this is over 57% of American adults are overweight and seeing as obesity is
Rates of reaction. Before I carry out my experiments I will have to draw up a plan to ensure that the experiments are carried out properly. Below is a few things that is essential in a plan:1) Factors: I must have a factor for everything.
I have been set a task to investigate the rates of reaction. Before I carry out my experiments I will have to draw up a plan to ensure that the experiments are carried out properly. Below is a few things that is essential in a plan: ) Factors: I must have a factor for everything. 2) Explain Factor: I must explain all of the factors. 3) Explain Concentration: I must explain how much concentration I put in to my investment. 4) Preliminary Experiment: This document describes identified hazards of an experiment and the measures taken to eliminate, control or mitigate them. Particular attention must be paid to the analysis and evaluation of conditions that may pose special safety problems. 5) Hypothesis: I must give a set of evidence for every single step I do to my prove my experiment goes right. 6) Variable - Control variable: I must make sure that it is held constant or whose impact is removed in order to analyze the relationship between other variables without interference, or within subgroups of the control variable. - Independent Variable: I must make sure I have notes of all the things I change. - Dependant Variable: I must make sure keep a good eye on the Independent Variable in order for the dependant variable. Temperature: I must make sure the temperature stays same. In a cold reaction mixture the particles are moving quite slowly, particles will collide
Investigation into how to measure the rate of a chemical reaction and how to change the rate of a reaction.
Chemistry Coursework Charlie Partridge Investigation into how to measure the rate of a chemical reaction and how to change the rate of a reaction My task is to produce a piece of coursework investigating rates of reaction, and the effect different changes have on them. The rate of reaction is the rate of the loss of a reactant or the rate of formation of a product during a chemical reaction. There are five factors which affect the rate of reaction according to the collision theory of reacting particles: temperature, concentration (of solution), pressure (in gases), surface area (of solid reactants) and catalysts. I have chosen to investigate the effect of temperature and concentration on a reaction. This is because it is the most practical to investigate. I am investigating the chemical reaction of two substances. The substances being; Sodium thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid. As a word equation this is: NaSO + 2HCl ----------------> 2NaCl + HO + SO + S sodium + hydrochloric -------------> sodium + water + sulphur + sulphur thiosulphate acid chloride dioxide When these two solutions are mixed together, the mixture gradually goes cloudy, because sulphur is made. I am going to carry out the experiment of changing the temperature (whilst
Investigating Factors That Affect The Rate Of Reaction Between Marble Chips And Hydrochloric Acid.
Chemistry Coursework: Investigating Factors That Affect The Rate Of Reaction Between Marble Chips And Hydrochloric Acid. Skill Area P Planning and Investigational Procedures. To investigate how concentration affects the rate of reaction we will be reacting calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. To make this a fair test we will have to keep all variables the same. The products of the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid are calcium chloride and carbon dioxide. To measure the rate of reaction we will be measuring the volume of carbon dioxide produced. The size of the marble chips available will be small, medium and large. Activation energy should not be changed in this experiment though as the same amount energy will be required to break the bonds. This is because each particle has the same amount of energy, the only reason the reaction is faster is because there are more particles. This means activation energy will not have an effect on this experiment. Calcium carbonate will react with hydrochloric acid, because it is higher in the reactivity series than hydrogen. When the two chemicals react a displacement reaction will take place and the calcium carbonate will displace the hydrogen in the hydrochloric acid forming calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide gas. The equation for this reaction is: CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) = CaCl2 (aq) +
The effect of different concentrations of Iron (III) Chloride with the mass loss of copper.
The effect of different concentrations of Iron (III) Chloride with the mass loss of copper. The aim of my investigation is to study the effect of the rate at which copper is fixed by different concentrations of Iron (III) Chloride. I will place copper strips in varying concentrations of Iron (III) Chloride, and then record results and interpret them. The reaction above is used in technology. Printed Circuit Boards are thin, flat boards made from non-conduction materials eg.plastic. Chips and other components are mounted on to them. The PCB starts off as a sheet of plastic coated with a layer of copper. It is placed into a tank containing a concentrated solution of Iron (III) Chloride to remove the excess copper and the protected copper, which remains become the PCB tracks. This is the formulae of the reaction which takes place between copper and Fe3+ ions shown below: Cu (s) + 2Fe3+ (aq) Cu2+ (aq) +2Fe2+ (aq) It is a REDOX reaction. This means that the copper is reduced as it has lost 2 electrons. It becomes a Cu2+ ion . The iron is oxidised, as it has gained 2 electrons and therefore it becomes a Fe2+ ion as demonstrated below. Cu - 2e- Cu2+ Fe3+ + e- Fe2+ I have studied kinetics in detail. And I have 6 different experiments which can all be related to our coursework. I. Magnesium ribbon and
How changing the concentration of an acid affects the rate of reation.
How changing the concentration of an acid affects the rate of reation Prior Knowledge: Before embarking on this experiment, I already knew that metal carbonates react with acids to give off Co2 gas, e.g. Calcium Carbonate reacts with Hydrochloric acid to produce Calcium Chloride and Carbon Dioxide gas and water (This reaction shall be used in the main experiment). Therefore, I realised that I would be able to find the rate of reaction by collecting and measuring the volume of co2 gas produced at regular intervals. The balanced formula equation for the experiment is shown below: CaCo3(s)+2Hcl(aq) CaCl2(aq)+H20(s)+Co2(g) I also knew that there are many factors that affect the rate of reaction, e.g. temperature, pressure, surface area, the concentration of the acid and also, the adding of a catalyst. The factor that will be investigated in this experiment is the changing of the concentration of acid used. The experiment will be conducted at room temperature, as it was found to work well at this temperature in the preliminary experiments. The surface area of the marble chips will be kept constant. The size of these chips was decided upon after one of the preliminary experiments and it was found that large chips were more suitable than smaller ones. The concentration of the acid used will be varied to determine its affect on the rate of reaction. From the
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