Temp labreport
How Temperature of HCL Effect Rate Of Hydrogen Produced Aim:- To determine how temperature affects the rate at which the reaction between Magnesium ribbon (Mg) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) takes place. Introduction:- The rate of reaction can be affected by a number of factors: temperature, concentration, adding a catalyst and surface area. The one that I am going to be investigating and explaining about is temperature. Changes in temperature change the kinetic energy of the particles and hence the numbers of successful collisions with enough energy to break existing bonds and make products. For a reaction to take place, molecules must collide with each other. When they do so, they must possess enough energy to break the intermolecular bonds and hence, cause a reaction. The two theories that affect temperature and the rate of reaction are the kinetic theory and the collision theory. The kinetic theory clearly states that the positioning and movement of particles in a substance increases if the temperature increases. Therefore, increasing the temperature increases the energy between the particles and makes them move around a lot more and collide more often. Hypothesis: - The rate of reaction has a positive relationship with the temperature of the Hydrochloric Acid. Apparatus:- ) Test tube 2) Rubber tube (a.k.a. delivery tube) 3) Measuring cylinder X2 [1-10ml, 1-100
Rates of Reaction
Introduction In this investigation I am investigating the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate (known as limestone). The rate of reaction is basically the speed a reaction takes place- meaning how long it occurs for. Chemical reactions only occur when reacting particles collide with each other with sufficient energy to react. The minimum amount of energy that causes them to react is called the activation energy - simply because it activates the reaction. There are many variables that need to be taken under consideration when measuring the rate of reaction. These can include catalysts, surface area, temperature or concentration of the liquid. In this case the dependant variable is the concentration of the liquid. These variables can either decrease or increase the rate of reaction. Theoretical Background When a reaction takes place it has to overcome a minimum energy barrier known as the Activation Energy. If the particles collide with less energy than the activation energy then nothing worth noting happens. "You won't get a reaction unless the particles collide with a certain minimum energy called the activation energy of the reaction." (Taken from www.chemguide.co.uk). Only those collisions, which have energies equal to or greater than the activation energy result in a reaction taking place. The reason why collisions have to overcome the
Study on food colourings
Food colourings - Should they be used? Contents: Why use food colourings? 2 The two main types of food colourings 2 Health risks of artificial food colourings 3 Case Studies . Cancerous Colouring in Sausages 3 2. No more blue Smarties 4 3. Colourful curries 5 Hyperactivity in children 6 Should food colourings be used at all? 7 Conclusion 8 Bibliography 9 Why use food colourings? As there is doubt over what food colourings do to your health wouldn't you think people would just leave them out of food? Manufacturers still have many reasons to still put them in such as: * Offsetting colour loss due to light, air, extremes of temperature, moisture, and storage conditions. * Masking natural variations in colour. * Enhancing naturally occurring colours. * Providing identity to foods. * Protecting flavours and vitamins from damage by light. * Decorating purposes such as cake icing * Food that looks good will sell more The two main kinds of food colourings As well as artificial colourings you can get natural colourings which also work, these are things such as Caramel colouring which is used is cola products, which is found in caramelised sugar and Annatto which is made from the seed in a tropical tree and used to create a reddish orange dye for food. Also natural food colourings can be made from many plants other plants.
Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid.
Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid PLANNING AIM To find if changing the concentration of an acid will increase or decrease the rate of the reaction when marble is dissolved in hydrochloric acid. With the equation CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 +H2O + CO2 HYPOTHESES A reaction occurs when particles collide. This process is based on random particle movement. So therefore, the more particles you have in a space, the more likely they are to collide. Therefore making the reaction accelerate. This theory can be proved if you compare the rates of reaction with marble in hydrochloric acid. 'If the acid is of a higher concentration, the reaction will be quicker.' Also if the particles have more energy, they will be travelling faster, making them collide more frequently. PREDICTION When the concentration of acid increases, more gas will be given off faster. I know this from my trial experiments. METHOD Since I will be working with strong acid, I will wear safety goggles while conducting the experiment. I will use Marble chips all of a small size. I can use a sieve to make sure they are all roughly similar size- about 7mm diameter. The amount of acid I have decided on is 10ml. And so the amount of marble must be in excess - 3g. I can measure the speed of the reaction by how much gas is given off. I can measure this in cm3 in a gas syringe. when the experiment takes place, I will take
My experiment will be conducted to find out at what concentration does sodium thiosulphate with hydrochloric acid have the most reaction and how the concentration generally affects the rate of reaction.
How does concentration affect rate of reaction? I am going to conduct an experiment on rate of reaction and how the concentration of sodium thiosulphate affects the rate of reaction. Several things such as temperature, ph and concentration can affect the rate of reaction. My experiment will be conducted to find out at what concentration does sodium thiosulphate with hydrochloric acid have the most reaction and how the concentration generally affects the rate of reaction. Particle size has a big impact on the speed of a reaction, if the particles are big then the reaction would be slow but if the particles are small the reaction will be fast. A catalyst often changes a reaction rate and they increase the speed of reaction always. The rate of reaction for this experiment will be measured by timing how long it takes for the sulphur from the sodium thiosulphate to cover an 'x' under a beaker. To test the rate of reaction and what affects it, we could have tested the effect of ph on rate of reaction, but that was not complicated enough. We used: * Sodium thiosulphate * Water * Hydrochloric acid Dilute sodium thiosulphate with water according to these measurements: Concentration HCL THIO H2O 00% 20ml 60ml 0ml 75% 20ml 45ml 5ml 50% 20ml 30ml 30ml 40% 20ml 24ml 36ml 25% 20ml 45ml 5ml How we carried out the investigation ) Prepare equipment 2)
Cookies experiment Aim: To find out what type of powder reacts more towards heat and therefore expanding inside a cookie mix. Prediction: Based on the research I maid I think that the powder with the least different type of carbohydrates and elements wi
Cookies experiment Aim: To find out what type of powder reacts more towards heat and therefore expanding inside a cookie mix. Prediction: Based on the research I maid I think that the powder with the least different type of carbohydrates and elements will be the one to heat up faster. When it heats up faster each grain expands much more making the cookie longer. Method: . Make the base cookie mix 2. Using the same shape cutter cut 6 cookies from the cookie mix with similar attributes. 3. Put in different containers a teaspoon of each of the following powders: sugar, coffee, cereal crumbs, chocolate milk powder and cinnamon. 4. Put one cookie sized mixes into the container with sugar and make sure the sugar is inside the cookie mix. 5. Repeat step 4 for each of the powders. 6. Place all five cookies into the oven; add an extra cookie without any powder added to it. 7. Measure each cookie's length in cm. 8. Bake for 20 minutes at 200ºC. 9. Measure the length of each cookie. Materials: • Metal and glass containers • Cookie mix • Ruler • Oven • Tea spoon • 5 different powders (sugar, coffee, cereal crumbs, chocolate milk powder and cinnamon) • Mold to cut cookie mix Variables: * Independent: The type of powder added to the cookie mix * Dependent: Change in length of cookie after being baked * Controlled: Mass of cookie mix for each
To find out and analyse what factors affect the rate of reaction between limestone and acid rain.
Chemistry - Rate of Reaction Coursework Section 1: Planning Aim To find out and analyse what factors affect the rate of reaction between limestone and acid rain. Background Information Most materials that are exposed to outdoor conditions are likely to eventually erode due to a natural weathering process. Limestone and marble are two rocks that are often used in the construction of buildings, and this has been so since the 19th century. Both rock types contain a large amount of calcium carbonate. All carbonate materials are likely to erode due to rain. Pure water has a pH of 7, however rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of approximately 5.6. Rain water in some areas has known to be even more acidic, with a pH of 3 or less. The chemical equation for this reaction is: Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid --> Calcium Hydroxide + Carbon Dioxide CaCo3 + H2SO4 --> CaOH2 + CO2` I know that these three main factors could affect the rate of reaction between limestone and acid rain: * Temperature * Surface Area * Concentration (of solution) * Pressure (of gas) However in my experiment I am only going to investigate one of these factors. I have decided that surface area isn't the best one to choose because I only have 3 different sized marble chips so I wouldn't get a very large range of results to plot onto my graphs. I have
Rate of Reaction Chemistry Coursework
The effect of temperature on rate of reaction Introduction Our investigation in rate of reaction involved us performing an experiment which involved us chemically reacting hydrochloric acid and magnesium. Different reactants cause different speeds and chemical reactions can vary from a small reaction to a large reaction. Reactions occur when particles of reactants collide together and react. The chemical reaction that we will be performing is: Magnesium+ Hydrochloric Acid› Magnesium Chloride+ Hydrogen Through this reaction I will be measuring the amount of hydrogen that is produced. I will have to choose certain apparatus and a certain method which I will test in preliminary and then perform in my method. Preliminary Investigations Variables Temperature- The higher the temperature, the faster the rate of reaction. This happens because at higher temperatures the particles have more energy meaning that they collide more with each other because the particles are moving around quicker. If you imagine a box of balls, if the balls have more energy they are moving faster and are more likely to bump into each other than balls with less energy and are moving slower. We can measure temperature in our experiment by heating the hydrochloric acid at different temperatures and measuring how much hydrogen is produced. This is the variable I will be changing and is going to be the
Investigation of the rate of reaction between Magnesium and Hydrochloric acid
Investigation of the rate of reaction between Magnesium and Hydrochloric acid By Hashim Al-Hasani 11R Introduction Chemical reactions occur when reactant particles collide with each other, Collision Theory If particles collide with less energy than the activation energy, they will not react. The particles would just crash into each other. The more regularly particles collide, and the greater the number of collisions with right amount of energy, the faster the rate (speed) of reaction. In this investigation I will be investigating the rate of reaction between a metal and acid. The rate of reaction is affected by numerous factors; these factors are: * Temperature * Surface area * Concentration * Use of Catalyst Temperature Temperature affects the rate of reaction because heat affects the movement of the particles; the higher the temperature, the faster the movement of the particles, therefore the faster the reaction. Surface Area Surface Area affects the rate of reaction because the bigger the area for the particles to react, more collisions occur, meaning the rate of reaction is greater. Concentration Concentration affects the rate of reaction because an increase in concentration means more particles to react with each other - therefore increasing the successful collisions between the particles and resulting in a higher rate of reaction. Use of Catalyst A
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The Effect of Concentration on the Rate of Reaction between Magnesium [Mg] and Hydrochloric acid [Hcl]
The Effect of Concentration on the Rate of Reaction between Magnesium [Mg] and Hydrochloric acid [Hcl] By Mohammed Thamid Azad Candidate Number- 5021 Centre Number- 13317 Rates of Reaction INTRODUCTION - This coursework will be investigating the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between a metal-Magnesium [Mg] and Hydrochloric Acid [HCL]. Rate of reaction is the measurement of how quickly a reaction is progressing. It also includes how much products are being formed and what portion is being used up. Rate of reaction just means 'the speed of the reaction'. It is measured by the rate of formation of a product. When you are doing an experiment in order to make a product you should know how long the reaction takes to complete, before the product is produced. This coursework will be experimenting the reaction speed of Magnesium Metal with Hydrochloric acid. I will be observing 'the rate of reaction between Magnesium and Hydrochloric acid to measure how long a solution takes to react within different level of concentrations. 'In the experiments it is predicted that the reactions are not at a steady rate, meaning that they begin at a curtain speed then decrease until they stop which then decreases the concentration of reactants. AIM- To investigate the effect of concentration of acid on rate of reaction Mg(s) +2HCl (aq) --> MgCl2(aq) +H2(g)
