To Investigate The Effect Of Varying Concentration On The Reaction Between Marble Chips And Hydrochloric Acid.
To Investigate The Effect Of Varying Concentration On The Reaction Between Marble Chips And Hydrochloric Acid Plan Aim In this investigation I will react marble chips and varying concentrations of Hydrochloric acid and measure the rate of reaction to see what the effect of different concentrations have on the rate of reaction. Equation I already know that carbonates react with acids to produce Water, Carbon Dioxide and a salt: CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) => CO2(g) + CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(l) Method Equipment I will need : * A gas syringe * A bung and tube * A conical flask * Marble chips * Hydrochloric acid (2mol/dm3) * A measuring cylinder * A retort stand and clamp * Beakers * Distilled water * Weighing scales * Weighing boat * Stopwatch I will setup the experiment like this: I know this set-up works because I have previously done an experiment with marble chips in which hydrogen gas was being collected. How I will do it First, I will make the solution. I have chosen to use 80cm3 of acid and 20g of marble. I will make different concentration acid solution by mixing varying amounts of acid and distilled water. I.e. for a one molar solution, I will use 40cm3 of 2 molar acid and 40cm3 of distilled water and so on. I will then put the solution in the conical flask. Then I will add the marble chips, but the bung on, and use the stopwatch to time how long it takes
To investigate how concentration affects the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid.
Rates of reaction Aim: To investigate how concentration affects the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid. Introduction: I know that the equation for this reaction is: Na2S2O3+ 2HCl ›2NaCl + S + SO2 + H2O This shows me that one of the products in this reaction is Sulphur Dioxide. This means a precipitate will be formed therefore allowing me to time when the experiment is complete. During my experiment I will change the concentration of the Sodium Thiosulphate to allow me to see how concentration affects the rate of reaction. The collision theory states that the more particles (the higher the concentration) the faster the reaction. This is because there are more particles to collide in the reaction causing the change to happen faster. Hypothesis: I think that the higher the concentration of the sodium Thiosulphate the faster the reaction. This is based on the collision theory and my preliminary experiment. I found that the more concentrated the solution the faster the experiment went. Preliminary Summary: I placed a 10cm magnesium strip in 3 different concentrations of Hydrochloric acid. I then calculated how long it took for 100cm of Hydrogen gas to be given off in the shortest time. Here are my results: 0.5 molar - 3 mins for 55cm gas 1 molar - 85.4 seconds for 100ml gas 2 molar - 19.06 seconds for 100ml gas This proves the
What affects the rate of reaction between Sodium thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid?
What affects the rate of reaction between Sodium thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid? Prediction I predict that the more concentrated the acid the faster the rate of reaction. Theory to back up my prediction Particle theory tells us that the more particles the more frequent successful collisions there will be. When the concentration of the acid is increased the rate of reaction increases because of more successful collisions. Low concentrated acid High concentrated acid Variables: Catalyst Concentration Temperature Plan In this experiment I am going to investigate what affects the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid. A chemical reaction can only happen if the molecules frequently and successfully collide into each other. These molecules have to hit each other in the right direction and at the right speed and with the right amount of energy. Apparatus * 500ml Beaker * Stopwatch-- So I can accurately time the rate of a reaction to 1/100th of a second. * Measuring Cylinder-with accurate scale, there needs to be two different cylinders because if you measure both of the solutions in the same cylinder it might contaminate it. What will I keep constant? * The volume of sodium thiosulphate * Use the same 250ml beaker What I will vary? * I will vary the concentration of hydrochloric acid. (by adding the correct amount
Volumetric analysis
Volumetric analysis Volumetric analysis is the measurement (in volumes) of solutions by titration experiments. Thus via the titration method we are able to determine the concentration of a substance in a given solution. Volumetric analysis is very important as with medicines, it is very important to know the concentration of the medicine in order to make sure the required dosage is being used and to limit the chances of overdoes. Volumetric analysis also helps us determine factors such as the amount of carbon dioxide in soft drinks and the amount of alkali in a cleaning solution, or even the amount of acid in a bottle of vinegar. Materials and Apparatus: * Burette * 25cm³ pipette * Retort stand * Clamp * Conical flask * Pipette filler * Phenolphthalein * Sulphuric acid * 25cm³ of 0.1 ml/dm³ Sodium hydroxide Procedure: . Wash all equipment 3 times with distilled water 2. Rinse the burette with a little of the acid and then fill it up 3. Rinse the pipette with a little of the base before accurately transferring 25.0cm³ of it to a titration flask. 4. Place 2 to 3 drops of an appropriate indicator in the flask and titrate rapidly, until the end-point is reached 5. repeat experiment 2-3 times until you obtain precise results Precautions * Avoid parallax error when taking readings, by placing eyes perpendicular to the scale. * In order to get accurate
Volumetric Analysis
Volumetric Analysis Aim The aim of this investigation is to find the various measurements of concentration (Also called the morality) of acid that will neutralise 1 mole of sodium hydroxide. This is found using the titration method. Prediction I predict that the volume of acid that will be used to neutralise the given solution would depend on the concentration. The more acid I add to an alkali, the more neutral it will become. If I add too much acid, the solution will not neutralise, so therefor it will turn to an acidic solution. This happens in all scientific experiments. Apparatus x conical flask x burette x clamp stand x 50ml bottle of universal indicator (any amount as long as it can do 40 drops) x solution 1 - HCI (Hydrochloric acid) x solution 2 - H2SO4 (Sulphuric acid) x solution 3 - HNO3 (Nitric acid) x White tile x measuring cylinder x funnel x safety glasses Diagram Safety with apparatus * Do not shake the conical flask too vigorously or the solution will spill. * Always be prepared for a spill. * Make sure that the burette is closed when not in use. * Do not fill the burette right to the top. * Make sure the clamp stand is held tightly by your partner. * Make sure the burette is held tightly by the clamp stand. * Make sure the solution are put in a safe place and is not put on the edge of the table. * Make sure every solution, liquid, etc,
What affects the rate of reaction?
Planning (Also see Investigation Planning Sheet.) Background Information I have been set a task to investigate factors which affect rates of reaction, using calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. These are good reactants to use, as carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced and this release of gas can be monitored using a gas syringe. Calcium + Hydrochloric Calcium + Water + Carbon carbonate acid chloride dioxide CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 What affects the rate of reaction? Rates of reaction can be explained using the Collision Theory, which has two main principles: * Particles must collide before a reaction can take place. * Particles must collide with enough energy for a reaction to take place. If particles collide and react, then a successful collision has taken place. However, if particles collide, but without enough energy to react, then an unsuccessful collision has taken place. There are four main factors that affect rates of reaction, and these can all be explained by increasing the number of collisions between the reacting particles: * TEMPERATURE increases the rate of reaction. Temperature has two effects in increasing rates of reaction: ) The particles move quicker, causing more collisions per second. 2) The particles have more
What factors affect the rate at which hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium thiosulphate?
What factors affect the rate at which hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium thiosulphate? Planning This investigation is about rates of reaction and what affects them. In this case I am going to look at hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulphate which is a precipitation reaction. They react as in the equations below: sodium thiosulphate + hydrochloric acid -> sodium chloride + sulphur + sulphur dioxide + water Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) -> 2NaCl(aq) + S(s) + SO2(g) + H2O(l) A reaction will only occur where the particles of the reactants meet and combine. This is called the collision theory. Therefore it stands to reason that to increase the rate of reaction it is necessary to cause more particles to collide harder and make it happen more often. There are several ways to do this and these make up the variables for this experiment. They are listed below along with predictions as to their affect on the reaction. . Increasing the pressure. By reducing the volume in which the same amount of particles exist the pressure is increased. Once the same number of particles are in a smaller area there is less space in which to move and so the particles are more likely to hit each other. It is therefore possible to predict that increasing the pressure will result in an increase in the rate of reaction. I will not test this variable because the school doesn't have the facilities to test it.
What factors affect the rate of reaction?
What factors affect the rate of reaction? By Alex Willmott I am trying to find out what factors affect the rate of reaction. Here are the four things that affect the rate of reactions under normal circumstances: * Concentration * Catalysts * Temperature * Surface Area In this experiment we will be looking at how concentration affects the rate of reaction. Here is the word equation for our experiment: Magnesium + Sulphuric Acid Hydrogen + Magnesium Sulphate Mg(s) + H SO H (g) + MgSO Prediction In my experiment I expect that when I increase the amount of acid the reaction will occur faster. Increasing the amount of acid is increasing the concentration, which I think will speed up the reaction. If I dilute the sulphuric acid by adding water then the rate of reaction will slow down because of decreased concentration. This will all happen because of something called 'The Collision Theory'. The particles in a liquid move continuously, so this causes collisions. So if the collisions have enough energy a reaction will take place, but if there is not enough energy no reaction occurs. This is where the factors I mentioned come into play; for example if there is more particles a reaction is less likely to occur, this is when surface area is involved. When temperatures are higher the particles move around more quickly resulting in more reactions, faster. So if a
Yeast respiration.
Yeast respiration The possible factors that could affect the reaction are the temperature at which the reaction takes place. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide used, the volume of the hydrogen peroxide used and the area of the catalase that is exposed to the hydrogen peroxide, when the mass of the potato is kept the same. The temperature at which the reaction takes place affects the reaction, as when the temperature is increased the rte of reaction is also increased until the temperature reaches 40 degrees centigrade and he enzymes are denatured. The concentration of H2O2 affects the reaction as when the concentration is increased the reaction is also increased a there is more chance of collision with a higher concentration. The volume of H2O2 used affects the reaction as, when there is more H202 to react with the rate of reaction will take longer because the catalase will have to catylise more H202. When the volume of H202 is increased the rate of reaction decreases. The area of potato that is exposed to the hydrogen peroxide, when increased, increases the rate of reaction also when the mass is kept the same. The mass also affects the rate of reaction; when the mass is increased the rate also increases. PH affects the reaction as enzymes only work at certain pH's, which are specific to the enzyme. I have chosen to investigate how changing the exposed surface
Why Penguins Huddle.
Why Penguins Huddle I am planning an experiment to find out why penguins huddle I believe penguins huddle to keep warm using combined body heat. The heat is given to other penguins through radiation. This heat which is given out is then given back once the cold penguin is heated up this keeps them warm. To see if I am correct I will conduct an experiment. This experiment will help me find out if penguins huddle. I will need to show conduction this is when the heat energy passes through the walls of the tank by making the particles vibrate and this causes them to make the particles next to them vibrate. As the energy passes from atom to atom. As a result the heat passes through the tank and into the air surrounding the tank. This is considered the most important type of heat transfer in solids. Convection this type of heat transfer accurse in liquids and gases as the energy is carried around in atoms and molecules. This is when cooler water particles sink to the bottom and the hotter water particles rise to the top. This is a cycles and is continuous as the water keeps heating the cycle is caused by convection current as the energy moves around. Radiation this is when heat radiates from on area onto another through the movement in particles. The warm molecules vibrate and vibrate the surrounding molecules passing on the energy. Heat radiation can happen even if the areas are
