Controlled Assesment Experiment - The extension of a rubber band depends on the force applied.

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SCIENCE

CONTROLLED ASSESMENT

The extension of a rubber band depends on the force applied.

Hypothesis

I anticipate that an increase in the load on the elastic band will result in an increase in the extension of it. I think that the extension will be proportional to the load on the elastic band. I think that there will be a certain amount or energy lost and that this will increase proportionally as the load increase. This will be lost due to heat energy.

What are forces?

Force is defined as a push or pull that changes an object's state of motion or causes the object to deform (change the natural form). Newton defined a force as anything that caused an object to accelerate -F = ma, where F is force, m is mass and a is represented as acceleration. Friction is the resistance between two surfaces that are in contact with each other.

A force acting on an object may cause the object to change direction, to change shape, to start moving, to stop moving, to accelerate or decelerate.

The familiar force of gravity pulls you down into your seat, towa rd the Earth's Center. It feels like your weight. Without these fundamental forces, human and all the other matter in the world would fall apart and float away.

Example:

If you were a tennis ball and someone served you, a force would have acted on you. As a result, you would go bouncing down the court. There are often many forces at work. Let's have a look at the forces acting on that tennis ball before you served it. As it sat there, the force of gravity was keeping it on the ground, while the ground pushed upward, supporting the ball. On a molecular level, the surface of the ball was holding itself together as the gas inside of the ball tried to escape. There may have also been small forces trying to push it as the wind blew. Those forces were too small to get it rolling, but they were there. And you never know what was under the ball. Maybe an insect was stuck under the ball trying to push it up. That's another force to consider. Forces are measured measure forces in units called Newtons.

How forces affect objects?

Forces affect the motion of an object in at least three ways, according to Newton.

1) An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This law is often called "the law of inertia".

What does this mean?

This means that there is a natural tendency of objects to keep on doing what they're doing. All objects resist changes in their state of motion. In the absence of an unbalanced force, an object in motion will maintain this state of motion.

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2) Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object).

What does this mean?

The heavier objects require more force to move the same distance as lighter objects.

3) For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action.

What does this mean?

This means that for every force there is a reaction force that is equal in size, but opposite in direction. That is to say that whenever an object pushes another object it gets pushed ...

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