Rate of reaction when acid concentrations are varied.

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Rate of reaction when acid concentrations are varied

This experiment is to find out does the rate of reaction change when the acid concentration is increased or decreased when reacted with marble chips.

Introduction

        Marble chips, when reacted with hydrochloric acid forms calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide (Marble chips can also be called limestone or calcium carbonate)

Normal equation

2HCl (aq) + CaCO3 (s) CaCl (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2 (aq)

Ionic

CaCO3(s) + 2H+(aq)  Ca2+(aq) + CO2(g)+ H2O(l)

Word

Hydrochloric acid + Calcium carbonate→Calcium Chloride + Water +Carbon dioxide

The experiment can be controlled by a few factors, these affect the rate of reaction

Factors

Mass of chips - How much chips or how little chips.

If there were more chips, the experiment will react longer

Concentration of acid- How many moles/dm³ there is in the acid.

 If the concentration is high, the rate of reaction will increase.

Temperature-  

The higher the temperature there will be a faster the rate of reaction because of the kinetic theory.

Volume of acid - How much acid.

If there is more acid, the experiment will react for longer

Size of chips - How small or large the chips are.

If the chip size is smaller, there is more of a surface area to react. And so the rate of reaction will increase. For instance, in powder form, there is more surface area than when it is in a form of a large rock.

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Control 

As this experiment is about varying acid concentration, there is no need to keep it constant.

To control the mass of chips, I will use the same mass for every experiment I do. This will be 10g of marble chips

As long as the experiment is done at room temperature, the temperature should be constant at around 23º

The volume of acid is constant by using the exactly 25cm³ of acid for every experiment.

As the size of chips come in different sizes, I will use a sieve to filter the sizes out. And to use ...

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