- Independent Variable: I must make sure I have notes of all the things I change.
- Dependant Variable: I must make sure keep a good eye on the Independent Variable in order for the dependant variable.
Temperature: I must make sure the temperature stays same. In a cold reaction mixture the particles are moving quite slowly, particles will collide with each other less often, with less energy, and fewer collisions will be successful. However, if I heat the reaction mixture the particles will move more quickly, the particles will collide with each other more often. With greater energy, and many more collisions will be successful.
Catalyst: A chemical substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed; after the reaction it can potentially be recovered from the reaction mixture chemically unchanged. The catalyst lowers the activation energy required, allowing the reaction to proceed more quickly or at a lower temperature.
Surface area: the larger surface area the quicker the reaction. Large particles have a small surface area in relation to their volume; fewer particles are exposed and available for collisions. This means less collisions and a slower reaction. The reaction rate is slower. However, small particles have a large surface area in relation to their volume; more particles are exposed and available for collisions. This means more collisions and a faster reaction. The reaction is faster.
Pressure: the more pressure I give it the quicker the reaction goes.
Volume of Na2S2O3: I must make sure I keep the volume of the chemicals.
Volume of HCL: I must make sure I keep the volume of the chemicals.
Concentration of HCL: I must make sure I know how much HCL I am going to be putting.
I will add … ml distilled water to reduce the concentration of sodium thisulphate (Na2S2O3)
-list of apparatus.
- beaker
- measuring cylinder
- conical flask
- card with cross
- stopwatch
- marker
- pipettes
I will need to draw a diagram of an apparatus and label them.
To make it a fair test I will need to make it a fair test by doing the following:
-repeat the reading: I will have to repeat the reading to make sure it stays right.
-used distilled water: I must make sure I used distilled so that no chemical in normal water gets mixed up.
-use same place: I must remember to make sure I stay in the same place whilst the experiment just encase the readings change.
-Dry all apparatus clearly: I must make sure I dry everything proper because if anything stays a bit moisturised then my reading will go wrong.
-Keep temperature constant (how): I must keep my temperature the same through out the whole experiment. By closing the curtains leaving the heating on or off through out.
-the same amount of light: I must once again close the curtains and if I do keep it constant by doing so through the whole experiment.
-same person to perform the experiment. I must make sure the same person does it through out because if for example the eye sight is different then the readings would be different.
-read from same distance: I must read it from the same distance so that the view stays same followed by the reading.
-Use same apparatus for experiment: I must use the same apparatus to avoid the mixing of different chemicals.
-read bottom layer (meniscus). I must read the bottom bit of the layer to avoid human error.
In order to make sure my investment stays safe I must use the following:
-goggles
-gloves
-apron
-fire extinguisher
-extracting fan
I must use a table to note down my reading.
I must explain my predicted graph.
I must even write down the method.
I must set a graph like this and say how much concentration I am going to put in.
I will take _ml and carry out through the whole experiment to keep it constant.