The Period of Oscillation of a Simple Pendulum.

Things which are variable are:

* the length of the pendulum

* the angle of the pendulum

* the mass of the pendulum

Prediction

I predict that the period will be affected by the length of the pendulum. An

increase in length will produce an increase in time. I based by prediction

on the scientific theory I found in a physics text book:

The pendulum is able to work when the bob is raised to an angle larger

than the point at which it is vertically suspended at rest. By raising the

bob, the pendulum gains Gravitation Potential Energy or GPE, as in being

Daniel Leigh 11Saul Physics Coursework

raised, it is held above this point of natural suspension and so therefore is

acting against the natural gravitational force. Once the bob is released, this

gravitational force is able to act on it, thus moving it downwards towards

its original hanging point. We can say therefore, that as it is released, the

GPE is converted into Kinetic Energy (KE) needed for the pendulum to

swing. Once the bob returns to its original point of suspension, the GPE

has been totally converted into KE, causing the bob to continue moving

past its pivot point and up to a height equidistant from its pivot as its

starting point.

The same factors affect the pendulum on its reverse swing. GPE gained

after reaching its highest point in its swing, is converted into KE needed

for it to return back to its natural point of vertical suspension. Due to this

continuous motion, the bob creates an arc shaped swing. The movement

of the pendulum is repeated until an external force acts on it, causing it to

cease in movement. The pendulum never looses any energy, it is simply

converted from one form to another and back again.

Planning

The apparatus which I will be using goes as follows:

* clamp stand

* clamp

* string

* protractor

* blue-tack

* a weight

The method which I will be using goes as follows:

. Place clamp on clamp stand.

2. Tie string around the weight and then tie pendulum onto clamp.

3. Attach protractor onto clamp using blue-tack.

4. Start to swing pendulum using a suitable angle for example 30 degrees.

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