Biology Lab Report - Effects of Mouthwash on Oral Bacteria

BIOLOGY LAB REPORT:

Investigating the effects of mouthwash on oral bacteria.

Introduction

Mouthwash targets bacteria in the mouth and are either antiseptic or antibacterial in nature. Antiseptics are antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue or skin to reduce the possibility of infection. Antiseptics are generally distinguished from antibiotics by the latter's ability to be transported through the lymphatic system to destroy bacteria within the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects. Some antiseptics are true germicides, capable of destroying microbes (bacteriocidal), whilst others are bacteriostatic and only prevent or inhibit their growth. Antibacterials are antiseptics that have the proven ability to act against bacteria.

An accumulation of oral bacteria can lead to a build-up of dental plaque (the material that adheres to the teeth and consists of bacterial cells, which if are not removed through flossing and brushing, can lead to gingivitis or periodontal disease). According to the American Dental Association, regular brushing and proper flossing are enough in most, and mouthwash should only be used as a short-term solution. Mouthwash may also be used to help remove mucus and food particles deeper down in the throat.

This experiment therefore aims to find out the effectiveness of mouthwash against oral bacteria. Mouthwash ‘A’ is ‘Oral B – Natural Mint’, an anti cavity mouthwash designed to prevent the occurrence of cavities in teeth. Mouthwash ‘B’ is ‘Scope-Mint’, is anti bacterial in nature. Mouthwash ‘C’ is ‘Listerine-Cool Mint’, is antiseptic. The last variable is distilled water, the control in the experiment.