The role of the aristocracy varied throughout Europe and changed over the course of the Renaissance.
A.W. Social inequality was an accepted part of Renaissance society. Every European culture awarded special powers and privileges to the aristocracy, or nobility. However, societies had different ways of defining what it meant to be noble. The role of the aristocracy varied throughout Europe and changed over the course of the Renaissance. Definitions of Aristocracy The men and women of the Renaissance based their ideas about aristocracy on concepts inherited from the ancient world. In Greek philosophy, an aristocracy was a state or community ruled by the best men. Eventually, the term came to refer to the ruling class in such a society. Societies used three different concepts to identify the “best” individuals. According to the political definition, aristocrats were those who held political power—usually the wealthiest members of society. The hereditary definition, by contrast, depended on birth. The idea behind this view was that great people passed on their qualities to their descendants. By the 1000s and 1100s, many cultures had developed a military definition. According to this view, a nobleman was a man who fought. This idea presented the aristocracy as one of three main segments of society, along with the clergy (those who prayed) and the commoners (those who worked). All three definitions of aristocracy relied on the notion that some people were
How important was Ideology to Maos China?
How important was Ideology to Mao’s China? Since Mao rose to power in 1949, the driving force of the Chinese Communist Party had been Ideology. It is however arguable that Ideology was not only theoretical, in fact, China’s ideological foundation was supposedly divided in two: Marxism-Leninism as the theoretical ideology and Mao’s personal interest as the practical ideology. What is really difficult to assess, is whether the actions that Mao and the CCP had taken were more based on the theoretical ideology, which consisted in Communism, the importance of peasantry and in class struggle, or more based on practical ideology, which was basically Mao’s personal interest. This essay question is not precise enough in what it is demanding because it does not specify what kind of ideology, therefore to answer this question we have to look at the two different aspects, theoretical and practical. There were several actions taken by Mao and the CCP that can be considered to be following the theoretical ideology. In 1950 to 1953, Mao joined the Korean War, to help North Korea invade South Korea and this action was to consolidate and form another Communist country. Another example is when in 1952 to 1956, Mao issued the 1st Five Year plan that consisted in urbanization, Mao wanted China to become, in 5 years, as urbanized as countries in the west, such as England for example.
"The Worst Human Right Abuses occur in LEDCs". To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Ernesto Safeca 11.1 “The worst human rights abuses occur in LEDCs.” To what extent do you agree with this statement? The different growing rates of a country’s population are associated with inequalities in their economic development levels. Depending on their gross nation income (GNI), human assets index (HAI) and economic vulnerability, countries can be separated into two different categories: Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDC) and More Economically Developed Countries (MEDC). LEDC countries have low GNI, problems with nutrition, health, education and habitation in general and are more vulnerable to economic recessions and political instabilities (for example, Rwanda), whereas MEDCs are the opposite with better statistics in these aspects (for example, Germany). Both LEDCs and MEDCs have human rights because all human beings are automatically protected by human rights when they are born, regardless of their sex, skin colour or nationality. Human rights are the thirty moral rights of respect and self-worth written in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) that help protect all humans from social, legal and political violations. Such violations can happen when other human individuals or organizations mistreat other human individuals in an unethical way that is very different than described in the UDHR. I believe the most severe human right abuses
Essay plan-Origins of the Cold War. In what ways, and for what reasons, did the relationship between wartime allies deteriorate between 1945 and 1949?
Essay Plan, Origins of the Cold War. In what ways, and for what reasons, did the relationship between wartime allies deteriorate between 1945 and 1949? Thesis: By 1945 when the common enemy of the Big Three, Nazi Germany, had been defeated tensions began to rise between the wartime allies caused by wartime conferences, western policies and eastern actions. Paragraph 1: Tensions were to develop between The Big Three when they lost their common enemy, as there already existed underlying causes of disagreement. . Russian expansionism under Tsarist regime – trans-Siberian railroad. Ideological differences – Communism against Capitalism, along with the great purges evidence of Stalin’s unstoppable power (in 1933 400,00 members of the communist party were expelled under Stalin’s orders). 2. D-day (second front) occurred only until 1943, when Stalin requested it in 1941 (Russia had lost almost 5 million people). 3. American armed intervention in Russia during the Russian Civil War in 1917 made Russian rage Americans. 4. Interpretations: Alexander Nekrich questions Stalin’s leadership, thus blames on him the late creation of the second front. Paragraph 2: Wartime conferences at Yalta and Potsdam contributed to deteriorate diplomatic relations between the Big Three. . During Potsdam, 1945, the agreements and relations built in Yalta were badly affected by the fact
Essay plan Mao and Hitler. Compare and contrast the rise to power of two rulers of single party states.
Essay Plan Mao. Compare and contrast the rise to power of two rulers of single party states. Thesis: Hitler and Mao’s rise to power differed mainly on their political career and party leadership. Yet both shared strong ideologies, which helped them in their rise to power. Paragraph 1: Both Hitler and Mao used propaganda in order to address the middle classes and peasants, who represented the majority of the population. . Hitler: Lebensraum - attract working class. Mein Kampf - master Aryan race. Anti-Semite polices – attract NSADP members (1920 – 20 members, 1928 – 108,000 members). 2. Mao: The Eight Rules of Discipline - approach to the peasants. Cult of Mao – peasants, who represented 95% of the Chinese population, worshiped Maoism (1937 CCP 100,000 had members, 1945 CCP had 1.2 million members). 3. Interpretation: David Welch – propaganda is always key in the rise to power of any single state, especially that which involves the cult of a leader, where such leader is presented as mystical. Paragraph 2: Mao possessed political knowledge, experience and leadership, while Hitler had no proper understanding of the political, thus was very opportunistic and lucky. . Mao: Myth of the Long March – gain popularity and respect, while appealing to the mandate of heaven. PLA’s guerrilla tactics – defeated the KMT and proved Mao as a strategic leader. 2.
The Election of 1860- Abraham Lincoln
Harsh Patel The Election of 1860 ________________ A well known and famous president won the elections held on November 6, 1860 for the office of President of the United State, named Abraham Lincoln. With the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, and its success in guiding the Union to victory and abolishing slavery, it came to dominate the national scene until 1932.[1] There were two main opposing sides which consisted of the Republican, Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas from the democrat from the Illinois Senate.[2] Although these were the main opposition there were also other people involved such as John C. Breckinridge representing Southern Democrats and John Bell from the Constitutional Union.[3] Stephen A. Douglas, the candidate of the Northern Democrats, was opposed by John C. Breckenridge as a candidate of the Southerners.[4] The "Constitutional Union" (late "American") party nominated John Bell, of Tennessee, while the Republicans offered as their candidate Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois, whose record on the question at issue was embraced in a sentence of a recent speech: "I believe this government cannot permanently endure half slave and half free."[5] The issue between freedom and slavery was for the first time clearly defined in a political contest. Pro-slavery and anti-slavery were pitted against each other in the most momentous election-contest the country
The developing roles of US First Ladies
. The first First Ladies (1789-1901): The first ladies of that period did not further influence the office, they served mainly as social hostess with ceremonical duties.They were mostly private personage. With Dolly Madison as a notable exception and Julia Tyler abrief singnal of fame to come.However some contributions were made to pffice.For instance ,Jullie Grant (1869-1877)became known as one of the best social hostess of the White House . Lucy Hayes (1877-1881) emerged as a well known public figure,and Caroline Harrison(1889-1893)left a legacy of accomplishments including the redecoration of the White House, and the founding of the “The daughters of American Revolution.” . Aspiring spouses:Developing new roles(1901-1945): By the early twentieth century , First Ladies slowly acquired different duties , and the public had been the case twenty years before. The foundation of the modern first lady as an active presidential partner was firmly established during this period.Roosevelt , for example , held weekly meetings with wives of cabinet members . Helen Taft and Florence Harding were highly ambitious ; determined , liberated women who were the primary forces behind their husband’s career.Wilson functioned with an unprecedented amount of power on behalf of the president by conducting White House meetings and managing his business and communication:such a role
Hittites : The Warrior Peoples
Hittites A n ancient population, dominant in Asia Minor between the nineteenth and twelfth centuries BCE, that rivaled the Egyptians. Probably originating northeast of the Caucasus, the Hittites migrated into Asia Minor around 1900 BCE and began establishing a kingdom. They occupied the Anatolian plateau in modern-day Turkey and ultimately extended their influence toward Syria. It is possible that their migration pushed other populations southward, spur-ring the Hyksos' invasion of Egypt. The Hittites probably took their name from the Plain of Hatti that they occupied and upon which they imposed their culture and Indo-European language. Their first con-quest was the town of Nesa (near modern Kayseri, Turkey), followed by the capture of Hattusha (near modern Bogazkoy). Little is known of the Hittites until the seventeenth century BCE when Labarna (circa 1680-1650 BCE) established the Old Hittite Kingdom and set up his capital at Hattusha. He was the first major conquer-or for the Hittites, spreading their control throughout Anatolia to the coast. Labarna's successors pushed their borders south-ward to Syria. Mursili (or Mushilish) raided deep into the Old Babylonian Empire, captured Aleppo, and set the kingdom's southern boundary in Syria. This proved to be the extent of the Hittite conquest under Mursili, as they spent the next two centuries quelling internal
A look at the Differing Views of Jimmy Hoffa by the Government, the Public, and Teamster union members
Alexander Penniman000442-094 A look at the Differing Views of Jimmy Hoffa by the Government, the Public, and Teamster union members ________________ Alexander Penniman Candidate Number: 000442-094 3,960 words ________________ Abstract This essay will look at the differing views of Jimmy Hoffa by the government, the public, and Teamster union members and why they viewed them the way they did. Research was gathered from multiple sources written from different perspectives and other sources that gave insight into other viewpoints. The first chapter, “Who was Jimmy Hoffa?” gives background on Jimmy Hoffa and his history with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters. The second chapter, “Jimmy Hoffa as seen by the government” provides insight into how the government viewed Jimmy Hoffa and what caused them to perceive Jimmy Hoffa in the way that they did. The third chapter, “Jimmy Hoffa as Seen by the Public” examines the public’s view of Jimmy Hoffa. The fourth chapter, “Jimmy Hoffa as seen by the Teamsters” discusses how Jimmy Hoffa was viewed by the union members of the Teamsters and why they viewed him this way. The research shows that the government and public viewed him negatively because of the overwhelming control he had over the economy as well as his well-known criminal associations. Some Teamster union members also viewed him negatively, but
How far do you agree that the origins of the Cold War in 19456 owed much to ideological differences and little to personalities and conflicting national interests?
How far do you agree that the origins of the Cold War in 1945-6 owed much to ideological differences and little to personalities and conflicting national interests? The Cold War marked a period of hostility between superpowers: that of the USA (and by extension, the West) and the USSR and the East. This hostility began after the Second World War, despite the supposed camaraderie between the two superpowers during the war as allies against Hitler and Fascism. Whether the schism between the superpowers was caused by their differing ideologies (the capitalist West and the communist East) or a clash between national interests and strong personalities is a matter for debate. Winston Churchill could be said to have helped cause the Cold War because of his ideological differences with Stalin. His 1946 ‘Iron Curtain’ speech certainly caused tension: it unveiled to the world Stalin’s increasing “Soviet sphere” and “increasing measure of control from Moscow”, strongly showing his disapproval of Stalin’s swooping over Eastern Europe and inferring his strongly anti-communist stance. However, this speech was given in 1946, and Churchill was no longer the Prime Minister; that role had passed to Clement Attlee, inferring that he felt he was only able to make such a blunt statement of his views once he was out of power. Conversely, when he was in high office, Churchill was
