Child Soldiers
Social, Humanitarian & Cultural Iran In today's world a growing national issue is the enlistment of child soldiers. Child Soldiers are children under the age of 18 forced against their will to take part in militia duties. Children who are trained as soldiers are robbed of their childhood; they are forced to take part in extremely brutal situation that no child should be involved with. Some children not used for fighting are used for cooks, porters, messengers and for sexual purposes or forced marriages. "When they came to my village, they asked my older brother whether he was ready to join the militia. He was just 17 and he said no; they shot him in the head. Then they asked me if I was ready to sign, so what could I do-I didn't want to die" (A former child soldier taken when he was 13) As one nation we have the power to help and prevent hundreds and thousands of children dieing around the world. Back in the 1980's child soldiers were first used during the Iran-Iraq war. Iran's law based on the Karanic law forbids the recruitment of children under 16 into the armed forces. A few years into the war Iran went against its own law, and in 1984 Iranian President Ali-Akabar Rafsanjni stated that all Iranians from the ages of 12 to 72 should volunteer for the Holy War. Children today are fighting in Algeria, Alzerbaijan, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Sudan, Tajikistan, Yemen and Iran
US History. Shay's Rebellion and NW Ordinance
Shay's Rebellion Farmers suffered from high debt as they start new farms. “Unlike many other state legislatures in the 1780s, the Massachusetts government didn't respond to the economic crisis by passing PRO-DEBTOR LAWS (like forgiving debt and printing more PAPER MONEY).” This caused local sheriffs to seize many farms and farmers who couldn't pay their debts and were put in prison. This led to the first major armed rebellion in the post-Revolutionary United States. Americans resisted high taxes and unresponsive government which was far away, but this time, Massachusetts settlers who were angry with a republican government in Boston, rather than with the British government. Farmers in western Massachusetts organized their resistance in ways similar to the American Revolutionary struggle. Leadership of Daniel Shays, a former captain in the Continental Army. Governor of Massachusetts organized a military force funded by eastern merchants to confront rebels. They crushed the movement in t1786-1787 as the Shaysites quickly fell apart when faced with a strong army organized by the state. The rebellion disintegrated quickly, but the underlying social forces which propelled the action remained. Debtors' discontent was widespread and similar actions occurred on a smaller scale in Maine. Voters turned against Governor Bowdoin. “This high level of discontent, popular
Abu Bakr's role in restoring order after the prophet's death
Lugein al Fayez Islamic History 11 IB 1 Assess Abu Bakr's role in restoring order following the death of Muhammad. Abu Bakr's role was crucial to restoring order after Prophet Muhammad's death. The circumstances had been chaotic and disorganized since the Umma's leader had passed away, hence it was now up to the newly elected khalifah, Abu Bakr, to direct the people and reinstate peace and stability upon them. It was not a simple task considering the numerous problems that were arousing. Abu Bakr was faced with a great challenge. The Muslims weren't fulfilling their duties to Islam or to their leader. For instance, some rejected Islam, several didn't acknowledge Abu Bakr as their leader, others stopped paying the taxes or poor rates and some tribes broke their alliances with the Muslims. They were called apostates in relation to their treason. But Abu Bakr didn't take action against them until he followed the prophet's request to send an expedition to Syria. He assigned Usama bin Zaid to lead the expedition even though the Ansar thought that there was no point of sending an expedition and that Usama wasn't competent. Although it wasn't an extreme success, it proved Abu Bakr's determination and decisiveness as a leader, paving the path for him to deal with the apostates. They were spread in Najd, Yamama, Oman and Bahrain. Abu Bakr wasn't willing to show mercy and
