Obesity - Arabic Assignment

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OBESITY

Definition of obesity:

Obesity means accumulation of excess fat on the body. Obesity is considered a chronic (long-term) disease, like high blood pressure or diabetes. It has many serious long-term consequences for your health.  Obesity is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of greater than 30, and is on the rise in our society because food is abundant and physical activity is optional.

 تعريف السمنة

السمنة حالة مرضية تحدث عندما يكون استهلاك الجسم للطاقة أكثر من إحتياجه. الطاقة الزائدة تتخزن على هيئة دهون في الأنسجة الدهنية مما ينتج عنها زيادة في عدد وحجم الخلايا الدهنية.

وتعرف السمنة عندما تكون الزيادة في الوزن 20% أو أكثر عن المعدل الطبيعي (للإناث) أو 25% أو أكثر عند الذكور.

السمنة و زيادة الوزن تمكن ان نسبب اضطرابات خطيرة. تبين الاختبارات ان الشخص السمين يموت باحتمال ثلاث اضعاف الشخص ذو الوزن الطبيعي.

الصعوبات اليومية المعيشية

  • المهام العادية تصبح اصعب عند البدينيين و الحركة اكثر صعوبة
  • عندم تصبح سريع التعب و يكون التنفس لك شيء صعب للقيام به
  • طرق السفر و الحركة مثل الباصات و السيارات و القطارات تكون صع التعامل معها و ذلك بسسب حجمك الضخم
  • و ان من المحتمل ان تجد الحفاظ على النظافة الشخصية صعبا للغاية

Weight gain occurs when you eat more calories than your body requires, and if the food you eat provides more calories than your body needs, the excess energy is converted to fat.

ازدياد الوزن يحصل عندما يستهلك الجسم طاقة اكثر مما يحتاجه, و تتراكم الطاقة الزائدة في الجسم تتحول الى شحوم مخزونة.

Obesity, however, has many causes. The reasons for the imbalance between calorie intake and consumption vary by each person. Your age, gender, genes, emotions, and environmental factors all may contribute.

  • Genes: Obesity tends to run in families, and can be passed down through a generation, however having obese relatives does not guarantee that you will be obese.
  • Emotions: Some people overeat because of depression, hopelessness, anger, boredom, and many other reasons that have nothing to do with hunger. This doesn't mean that overweight and obese people have more emotional problems than other people. It just means that their feelings influence their eating habits, causing them to overeat.
  • Environmental factors: The most important environmental factor is lifestyle. Your eating habits and activity level are partly learned from the people around you. Overeating and inactivity are the most important risk factors for obesity.
  • Gender: Men have more muscle than women, on average. Because muscle burns more calories than other types of tissue, men use more calories than women, even at rest. Thus, women are more likely than men to gain weight with the same calorie intake.
  • Age: People tend to lose muscle and gain fat as they age. Their metabolism also slows, lowering their calorie requirement.
  • السمنة يمكن أن تكون ناجمة عن مزيج من العناصر التالية :

    * هل الجينات الموروثة من والديك
    * كيف يحول الجسم الطعام إلى طاقة
    * عادات الأكل وممارسة
    * البيئة المعيشية
    * العوامل النفسية

Types of obesity

The fat distribution in the body is identified among the two types of obesity android & gynoid.

Android: In this type the upper part of the body, the shoulders, face, arms, neck and the chest are bloated. The lower portion of the body, the hips, thighs and legs are much thinner in comparison with the upper part. In these persons the vital organs affected will be mostly the heart, liver, kidneys and lungs. Though this typed of obesity is found more in males it is common in females too. Android type of obesity is a major risk for heart damage & heart disease due to high cholesterol.

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Gynoid: In this type the lower part of the body has the extra flesh. Gynoid obesity is also common to both sexes though females are more affected. Gynoid type of obesity is similar to pears. The flesh is somewhat flabby in the abdomen, thighs, buttocks and legs. The face & neck mostly give a normal appearance. The vital organs affected mostly are the kidneys, uterus, intestines, bladder and bowls.

The third type: Besides android & gynoid, there is one more type of obesity. Some people do not belong to any of the above type of obesity as their whole body is ...

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