Continued Fractions

A continued fraction is any mathematical expression in the form of:

Where a0 is always and integer, and all other ‘’s such as a1, a2, and a3 are positive integers.  The number of terms can either be finite or infinite.  A more convenient way to denote continued fractions such as the one above would be to denote it by:    

Finite Continued Fractions

A finite continued fraction is an expression such as the one shown above which could end.  Every rational number can be equated to a finite continued fraction.  The only skill needed would be division of fractions.

Infinite Continued Fractions

Unlike the finite continued fractions, the chain of fractions never ends in an infinite continued fraction.  Every irrational number can be equated to an infinite continued fraction.  This fact was discovered and proven by the Swiss Mathematician, Leonhard Euler (1707-1783).  Some of Euler’s infinite continued fractions are as we will see below:

     

A way to summarise this expression is to let denote the value of the continued fraction.

         

Usage of Continued Fractions

Continued fractions could be used to solve certain quadratic equations of the second degree.  Solving a quadratic equation using the ‘completing the square’ method only gives the roots of the equation, on the other hand solutions are often required to be expressed as a fraction or decimal fraction.  That is why continued fractions are used to solve quadratic irrational numbers.

Example:


Questions A

  1. Let  be 2

        Let  be 3

        

        Let  be 4

        

        

Conclusion:        Therefore    whereby

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According to the graphs, as the value of  increases,  will continuously fluctuate but start to stabilize when =8.  Once  reaches 23,  will converge to a sustained value of 1.618033989.  This value will remain constant as long as 23

The same trend is brought up by the graph of  and .  As the value of  rises,  will oscillate until  reaches 25.  Only then will the value of   converge to a consistent value of 0.  This value will stay the same as long as 25.

  1.  When trying to determine the 200th term, we ...

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