(205 cm/s) a= 0.22
(
)
Therefore velocity is 0.205 m/s and acceleration is 0.220
400.1 g = 3.22 N (weight)
Therefore force of static friction is approximately 4.83 N and the force of friction is approximately 3.864 N
(9.8) (1.52)
(9.8) (0.5)
J
5.958-1.96 = 3.998
3.998 J - 3.8 J = 0.198 J
0.198 J
Therefore approximately 0.198 Joules have been lost
Tape Holder
It took approximately 1.87 seconds to travel 75 inches.
(102 cm/s)
)
Therefore velocity is 0.102 m/s and acceleration is 0.055
611.7 g= 6N (weight)
Therefore force of static friction is approximately 22.5 N and the force of friction is approximately 21 N
Wooden Block with Sandpaper base
It took approximately 1.67 seconds to travel 75 inches.
(114 cm/s) a= 0.068m/s (
)
Therefore velocity is 0.114 m/s and acceleration is 0.068
400.1 g = 3.22 N (weight)
Therefore force of static friction is approximately 6.624 N and the force of friction is approximately 6.624 N
Sources of Error
1.
The wooden ramp was slightly bent at the top due to the force leaning on the table. After the table (going downwards), the wood seemed relatively straight due to the wall supporting it. The top of the ramp did not have any support therefore making a slight bend in the wood above the table mark.
Assuming the bend was curved downwards making the time slower, the time took 0.07 seconds longer.
To fix that we would add 0.07 to each time
Tape holder
It took approximately 1.80 seconds to travel 75 inches.
(106 cm/s)
)
Therefore velocity is 0.106 m/s and acceleration is 0.059
The velocity changed from 102 cm/s to 106 cm/s and the acceleration changed from
to
)
2.
The measurement of the distances were measured by inches and the meter tape only had 4 ticks in one inch making every tick period 0.63 centimeters. We had to estimate how many inches it was therefore this made some space for errors. Errors bars could have been 0.2 cm.
Minimum
(11.39 cm/s) a= 0.067 (
)
Therefore velocity is 0.1139 m/s and acceleration is 0.067
Maximum
(11.41 cm/s) a= 0.068 (
)
Therefore velocity is 0.1141 m/s and acceleration is 0.068
Therefore velocity can range from 0.1139m/s – 0.1141m/s and acceleration can range from 0.067
- 0.068
3.
When we were conducting our lab, one person was timing and one person was letting go of the object. That prevented us to have exact results. If we assume the time was off by +/- 0.05 seconds, that would make a big difference
Maximum
(216.4 cm/s) a= 0.232
(
)
Therefore velocity is 0.2164 m/s and acceleration is 0.232
Minimum
(194 cm/s) a= 0.197
(
)
Therefore velocity is 0.194 m/s and acceleration is 0.197
Therefore the velocity can range from
(194 cm/s) to
(216.4 cm/s) and acceleration can range from 0.197
(
) to 0.232
(
)
Improvements
While conducting the lab, one person was timing and one person was letting go of the object. This made space for errors. It would have been better for one person to time and one person to let go because you can have more accurate times because you are the one letting go, deciding when to start. We could have had a metric tape that had meters and centimeters rather than feet and inches. It made it much longer because we had to convert inches into centimeters to sub in into our formulas. If we had made a wooden ramp with supports (posts) going from the floor to the highest point of the ramp and the other side resting on the ground it would have been much more accurate because the ramp would have been much straighter. The way we did ours made mistakes due to the curves of the wood (bending). That way it would be straighter and would give better results. Our results would be even better if we didn’t have the objects running into the wall because the objects wont fully go that distance of 60, 75 and 90 inches. If we had a laser distance calculator (Calculated Industries Prexiso X2 3350 Laser Distance Measuring Tool) it would be much faster to calculate distance and it would be much more accurate (tenths of a millimeter). This device is only $24.99 making it affordable for us to have. Instead of using a wooden ramp we could have put a layer of steel on top of the wood to make the surface almost perfectly straight making the whole surface have a constant coefficient of friction. To maximize accuracy of the time, we could have attached small mini wireless microphone to the object and then we could have took the audio file to a computer and find out exactly how long it took from start to end.
Conclusion
To conclude this lab, the velocity of pencil case could have been from 0.197 to 0.210m/s. Tape holder could have been from 0.098 m/s to 1.06m/s. Wooden block could have been 0.110 to 0.118m/s. Acceleration for the pencil case can be from 0.20
to 0.23
. For the Tape holder it can be from 0.053
to 0.57
For the wooden block it can be from 0.067
to 0.069
.