China One Child Policy
Case Study China One Child Policy History China has the world's largest population, and it's cities are the most densely populated ones. It's policy is one of the most recognized policy, since is the most rigid of any country. The policy admites only one child per couple, and because of this it is called the "One Child Policy". Before 1949, before the communists had the power, China was at stage 1 of demographic transition model, and families had betwen 5 and 8 children. Also there was a high death rate, and a low life expectation. Infant mortality rate was also high, and so with death rate and birth rate, which means that the population was increasing at a very slowly rate. In these days, large families where encouraged, since the government followed a pro-natalistic population policy. Ten years later in 1960, the population increased dramatically to 100million people more, which determined China in the second stage of the demographic transition model. As a result improvements where made in medical services. In 1976, whith the death of Mao, the government decided to advocate voluntary population control to reduce the birth rate. China began to advice about limiting family sizes and to distribute information about the need to control the population growth. Finally in 1980, the One Child Policy was introduced, which provided benefits for couples which had only one
Population Essay
"The new threat to the planet is not too many people but too few." Was once written by Michael Mayer. He claimed that the global population will rise to a peak and then sharply decrease. As we know at the moment it seems like there are already too many people on the world, leading to starvation, scarce natural resources, poverty, war and global competition for jobs. And it seems like the amount of people are continually increasing, but will it really last and will it be a problem? In Japan in fact the population is already starting to decrease, where the total fertility rate is only 1.2. That means that a woman in Japan will have an average of 1.2 kids in her life. One of the problems in Japan is that it is difficult to live there as an immigrant. This is due to the hard language and very few Japanese people speak English well. So it's not really attractive to migrate to Japan. And the women see kids the result for Japan is what's called an 'ageing population', where there will be older people, than younger people in the future. The picture beneath shows the current populations pyramid of Japan. As you can see, the life expectancy in Japan is high, as there are quite some people in their 85's-89's. What we can conclude from this pyramid is by the trend in it. [Source: http://www.nurse.or.jp/jna/english/nursing/images/pyramid.jpg] The number of kids in the groups of 0-15
Death of a Salesman. Many symbols are included in the play. The tennis racquet, the seeds and the house are some of these symbols.
The American dream, a dream derived the ideals of life, liberty and happiness, is now merely defined in materialistic terms. Arthur Miller demonstrates how Willy's blind faith in the American dream turns into an obsession for success which destroys his life and almost that of his family. Miller communicates effectively with his audiences through the utilisation of literary techniques such as symbolism and motif. I shall begin by focusing on his use of symbolism and subsequently examine the use of motifs in the play. Many symbols are included in the play. The tennis racquet, the seeds and the house are some of these symbols. The tennis racquet which Willy observes is an obvious representation of Bernard's success and Biff's failure. Biff and Happy, who hope to make a fortune out of selling sports equipment, are revolving their lives around sport. Ironically, Bernard, who stood on the sidelines in high school while Biff played sports, now owns the tennis racquet. After spending a lifetime pursuing the unsuccessful American dream, Willy realises he has never left behind any accomplishments for his children in his name. The seeds represent the legacy that Willy will never leave with his family. "Oh, I'd better hurry. I've got to get some seeds. I've got to get some seeds, right away. Nothing's planted. I don't have a thing in the ground." (page 122) During this scene, we see
Changes in Tourism
Geography Essay- Factors Affecting Tourism Describe the changes in the growth in tourism in recent decades. Explain the factors responsible for this. In the 1950s, there were 25.5 million of international tourist arrivals and mostly were Europeans, which were 16.8 million arrivals. However, in the 1990s, international tourist arrivals increased to 455.9 millions. The significant changes were 280.6 million arrivals were from middle-east and 57.7 million arrivals were from Asia-pacific. First of all, transportation is one of the major factors seriously affecting each country's tourism because countries without high efficiency of transportation, it would lower tourists preferences to visit a specific country. For instance, development of the High-speed rail industry in Europe attracts more tourists from Europe continent of even internationally because High-speed trains were also quite fast, which can travel more than 250km/h in average. And travelling by trains was relatively cheaper compared to travel by planes because roundtrip tickets from London to Paris in Euro star cost $1575.6 HKD. However, air roundtrip tickets from London to Paris cost $2484 HKD in British Airways. Secondly, development of infrastructure- both roads and airports in More Economic Developed Countries (MEDCs) and Less Economic Developed Countries (LEDCs) were improving, which allowed more large sizes of
The Roles of ATP
The Roles of ATP ATP, or Adenosine triphosphate, is an organic chemical compound that has a strong chemical bond which acts as an energy fuel, it isn't a long term energy store as the bond is quite unstable so when ATP is made it is used almost immediately, when this bond is broken it releases chemical energy which can be used straight away for many functions, it is considered in biology to be the currency of life. This energy gets released when a phosphate is broken off, you can get a small energy release from one phosphate leaving the ATP; when one leaves you get ADP. The ADP can then be recharged back to being ATP in the mitochondria of our cells, using respiration; this is how we get energy from food. ATP can also give up bigger amounts of energy if it is needed, when it gives up two phosphates, leaving AMP. ATP has many roles because it is the primary source of energy in living things , we use it in our body to contract muscles for movement, for active transport, it even lights up fireflies, it powers almost every activity that goes on in our cells. As far as it is known every living thing uses ATP as its primary source of energy, from bacteria to plants. At any instant in time a cell in the human body can contain about one billion ATP molecules, but this amount is used up quite quickly and is normally recycled straight away in the mitochondria where chemiosmotic
Experiment to calculate the diameter of a piece of nichrome wire from its electrical resistance by varying the length of the wire
IB Group 4 Internal Assessment Chemistry Biology Physics Name: Date(s): 14/2/12 Candidate Number: 00-3072-074 Session: Level: HL Investigation Title: _______THE DIAMETER OF NICHROME WIRE______________ Internal Assessment Marking Form Criterion Required Aspects Level Complete (2) Partial (1) Not at All (0) Data Collection and Processing Records appropriate quantitative and associated qualitative raw data, including units and uncertainties where relevant. Records appropriate quantitative and associated qualitative raw data, but with some mistakes or omissions. Does not record any appropriate quantitative raw data or raw data is incomprehensible. 2 Aspect 1 - Recording Raw Data Aspect 2 - Processing Raw Data Processes the quantitative raw data correctly. Processes quantitative raw data, but with some mistakes and / or omissions. No processing of quantitative raw data is carried out or major mistakes are made in processing. 2 Aspect 3 - Presenting Processed Data Presents processed data appropriately and, where relevant, includes errors and uncertainties. Presents processed data appropriately, but with some mistakes and / or omissions. Presents processed data inappropriately or incomprehensibly. 2 Conclusion and Evaluation States a conclusion, with justification, based on a reasonable
Character development of Shukhov in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
Character development of Shukhov in "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich" Ivan Denisovich Shukhov, the protagonist of the novel 'One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich' is a prisoner in the Soviet prison camp. He was caught by the Germans during the Second World War with perfidy when he tried to come back to Soviet lines. He spent earlier time of his imprisonment in Ust-Izhma camp and then in the "special" political camp. The special political camp was in the hands of harsh and abrasive authorities. Shukhov has spent eight years and he has enough experience of most of the tricks that can be used in the camp for the survival. He knows all the legerdemain of the harsh camp system, how to get extra food or other favours but he sticks to his moral principles of doing things so that there would be no harm for his self-respect. He actually adapts his own ways of survival in the camp. Shukhov was a farmer when he was in his home, in his own free life he used to think about the farming, buying horses and haymaking etc. It shows his agricultural experience and also shows his hard working life of being a farmer. As his life starts to move on, his carriers and thinking also changes with respect to his position. Then he became soldier of the Second World War but after that he could not go to his free living life of farmers and captured by Germans. Now, the life and thinking
How do Medea and Hedda Gabler combine tradition and unconventionality within their roles as women in a constraining society?
How do Medea and Hedda Gabler combine tradition and unconventionality within their roles as women in a constraining society? The eponymous characters featured in both Medea and Hedda Gabler have perpetually been cast as unconventional women, defying every aspect of feminine behaviour expected of them in their respective societies. However, in truth, both women conform to convention far more than it would seem, albeit in contrasting ways. Medea dreams of the same future as any ordinary Greek woman would even despite her refugee status. In the end it is circumstances that drive her to the unexpected and terrible acts she commits. Hedda differs within her relationship with the culture surrounding her and fights at it. She is forced to live the life of a traditional woman in her society and hates it, as we shall see, she makes any effort she can to escape it. This combination of propriety and unconventionality contribute to the power of both plays as tragedies. There is some debate, though, on whether the playwrights intentionally did this, or, due to the cultural era they inhabited, they could not possibly see women totally unshackled from their roles in society. Medea appears to be a traditional wife in many ways therefore the cataclysmic breakdown of her marriage with Jason is more of a surprise to the reader; the way in which it dissolves into such violence. Throughout the
Effect of substrate concentration on catalase activity (Biology IA)
Title Effect of substrate concentration on catalase activity Aim To prove that at different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, the rate of catalase activity in chicken liver differs. Hypothesis When chicken liver is exposed to hydrogen peroxide, the higher the concentration of the solution, the faster the activity of catalase because the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide increases when its concentration is higher (in the presence of chicken liver). Variables Independent Variables * Concentration of hydrogen peroxide Dependent Variables * Time taken for coloured liquid to rise by 5cm against different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide Controlled Variables * Amount of chicken liver used - cubes cut with a scalpel to approximately 1cm x 1cm x 1cm * Amount of hydrogen peroxide used - 5cm3 measured with a syringe before addition to the chicken liver * Temperature of liver (not controlled) * Age of liver (not controlled) * Source of liver (not controlled) Materials and Apparatus Materials: Apparatus: * 6x Chicken Liver Pieces - 1cm x 1cm x 1cm * 5% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (5cm3) * 4% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (5cm3) * 3% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (5cm3) * 2% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (5cm3) * 1% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (5cm3) * 0.5% Hydrogen Peroxide Solution (5cm3) * Coloured Liquid * Distilled Water * 3x 20cm3 Syringes * 1x
Compare and Contrast the Policies of Alexander II and Alexander III
Abhishek Puri History- HL 20/08/2009 Compare and Contrast the policies of Alexander II and Alexander III Tsar's Alexander II and his son, Alexander III had different an entirely different ideology when it came to the question of reform. On one hand, Alexander II was a liberalist, this reflects in his reforms which include the Emancipation of the Serfs in 1861- where twenty to thirty million serfs were emancipated on private estates and also domestic households and also the abolishment of capital punishment. Other reforms of Alexander II included the founding of the Zemstva- a system of local self-government. On the other hand, successor Alexander III had a conservative ideology. He believed in the doctrines of Nationalism, Eastern Orthodoxy and autocracy. Alexander III often questioned his father's reforms, which he thought were too liberal and diminish the power of autocratic leadership of the country. After his accession of the throne, Alexander III started a wave of "anti-reforms", as he reversed his father's liberal reforms. Tsars Alexander II and Alexander III differed on the level of Foreign policy, Judicial and Educational Reforms but they shared a sense of Russian Nationalism. Both Tsars Alexander II and Alexander III had different view points on Foreign Policy. Alexander II pushed for military conquests and urged annexation of the nearest countries to augment
