How far does Quarry Bank Mill demonstrate the methods of factory production introduced during the Industrial Revolution ?
How far does Quarry Bank Mill demonstrate the methods of factory production introduced during the Industrial Revolution ? Under the domestic system, in textile production the entire process took far longer and was much less efficient than under the later industrial system. This was due to a number of reasons: the fact that the work was carried out from the homes and therefore there were flexible working hours, the equipment and processes were far less advanced and efficient; due to the cost and size of better equipment, the workers were clearly not all in one place, so moving textiles between sites was inefficient but necessary and finally there was the textile merchant. These were the people who bought and sold the textiles to the workers in various states: they bought cotton and sold it to houses, bought it back as cotton thread, sold it back (often to the same house) and bought back cloth etc. These were some of the major reasons why the domestic system was badly flawed. In the industrial revolution the first thing, which was accomplished, was to build factories designed to house new machines, which were far more efficient and faster albeit larger and more expensive. This was why the switch to factory-based systems took place. Richard Arkwright built the first one in Cromford. Style followed later. These factories were ideal for mass production because everything was
Describe the professional and managerial workforce who may be involved in the development of a built facility and describe how their roles may differ according to the procurement system that is used
Built Facility & Construction Industry Studies (CE1CIS) Describe the professional and managerial workforce who may be involved in the development of a built facility and describe how their roles may differ according to the procurement system that is used for the procurement of the design and construction of the facility. The construction industry has different professional and managerial roles that work together to produce the design and construction of a built facility. This essay will aim to describe the different professional and managerial roles then outline and illustrate how these roles are applied to the procurement of the design and construction of a built facility. The construction industry is one of the biggest industries in the UK. The department for business innovation and skills (BIS) illustrates that this sector covers building infrastructure, the building of public and private housing, the construction of public non-housing such as schools, industrial buildings, commercial buildings and the repair and maintenance of these built facilities. Research suggests that the industry is responsible for ‘81billion of outputs (£203 billion turnover) every year and up to 8% of the UK’s gross domestic product (GDP)’.Morton (2002) puts forward that an industry like construction is very ‘labour intensive in which the skills, commitment and effective organisation
Principles of buildability and sustainable construction
TECHNOLOGY B Principles of buildability ,sustainable construction Lecturer – RAVIHANSA CHANDRATHILAKA Manura sacheendra pathirana CSCT2011255 Acknowledgement ________________ I was able to achieve such knowledge as the success of this assignment, owing to that I especially grateful to my Technology subject’s lecturer Mr. RAVIHANSA CHANDRATHILAKA for giving such an assignment and being helpful, friendly lecturer for us. Contents ________________ . Introduction………………………………………………………………………………04 . Tasks 2.1 Task 1…………………………………………………………………………….…..…05 2.2 Task 2……………………………………………………………..………………….... 08 2.3 Task 3…………………………………………………………………..…………….... 10 2.4 Task 4………………………………………………………………………………….…13 2.5 Task5……………………………………………………………………………………..15 . Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….…..18 . List of Reference………………………………………………………..……………… 29 ________________ Introduction
Kevin Lynch - "The Image of the City." Applying mind mapping to a town on Malta.
Image of the City Daniel Muscat – B. E. & A. (Hons) Year 3 Semester 2 Every city portrays its own image, which is perceived by its inhabitants and the visitors passing through. This image is created with time, as each individual village, town or city develop, creating their own histories and building their own landmarks. This history gives an identity to the inhabitants of the village, and apart from the general history, each individual will create his or her own history, which will give a whole new meaning to the village. Kevin Lynch discusses this theme in his book “The Image of the City”, and states how an image is perceived differently by each individual, and a meaning of a place varies from one person to another.[1] This is due to the fact that every individual experiences different aspects of every village, and a place will be perceived differently due to these individual experiences. Charles Jencks states that every settlement is capable of being motivated, and it is this meaning that gives life to a city.[2] Even though the planning of the city is very important in order for the city to be legible, it is the meaning that gives life to the city. Kevin Lynch further develops his studies and divides the city into five elements, which are; paths, landmarks, edges, nodes and districts, which are the main constituents of the image formed by the inhabitants, since
Building Technology - selecting materials for floors and walls
Calum Stringer 0600532 QUESTION 1 Steel stair construction has been selected. Provide a drawing of the section of one flight of stairs to Stairs 3, including the landings, to an appropriate scale to fit onto an A4 sheet. (30 marks) See Attached Plan QUESTION 2 Describe the performance requirements of platform flooring in the offices and select a suitable platform floor, with reasoning, for the offices. Provide a sketch to show the section of the platform floor with the floor and finish. (35 marks) A raised access flooring system is defined in Platform Floors (Raised Access Floors) - Performance Specification as “load bearing fixed or removable panels supported by adjustable pedestals to provide an under floor space for the housing and distribution of services” (PSA Specialist Services, 1992). The functional requirements of the office floor structure will depend on whether it is ground or an upper floor. The floor is required to have sufficient load bearing capabilities without causing any undue deflection, sufficient fire resistance requirements for the building, thermal capabilities, adequate sound insulation, and for the (ground floor) damp proofing. Performance factors will include things such as delivery and construction time, the availability of labour, the compatibility of the office’s construction, requirements for the layout and spacing,
From Syntsalo Town Hall to Finlandia Hall Alvar Aaltos Space of Humanism
Jonathan Boyle 0510276 From Säynätsalo Town Hall to Finlandia Hall: Alvar Aalto’s Space of Humanism Finnish architect Alvar Aalto was famous for his meticulous manipulation of space concerning human scale and spatial experience, which I would like to call humanism. One typical aspect of his humanism is his regionalism. (Schildt and Aalto 1998, 8-9) Combining modern method of dealing with the space and Finnish local condition and culture, he managed to develop a humanist solution which satisfied local residents both functionally and spiritually. Here I would like to take two of his works that were finished in different period of his career and discuss how he blended the idea of humanism into his work and how he developed humanist solution throughout his career. One example is the Town Hall located in Säynätsalo, a small city in central Finland. [Fig.1] This building was designed during a competition in 949 and completed in 1951. Primarily the building intended to be a municipal office. While Aalto transformed it into a complex which included residential and commercial space apart from municipality. (Schildt and Aalto 1998, 74-81) The other example is the Finlandia Hall built in Helsinki during 1967 to 971 which was about 20 years later after the completion of Säynätsalo Town Hall. [Fig.2] An extension of congress wing was built soon after the completion of the
Practical Form in Architecture. To support my idea, I will make analysis of Farnsworth House by Mies van der Rohe.
Practical Form in Architecture ________________ Contents Introduction 1 Text: Practical Form 2 .Form and Environment 2 2.Form and Function 4 3.Form and Culture 5 Conclusion 6 Bibliography 7 ________________ Introduction Form is an important way of expressing one’s artistic thoughts and emotion in architectural design, and it has been valued, thought deeply, and talked about by lots of architects in history. Because of their work, there is a wide variety of architecture forms created these days, with more and more buildings designed by architects. These forms provide the public with enormous visual pleasure and spiritual fulfillment. However, even if the form seems good, the creation of form could be a failure when it fails to reconcile with reality. So I believe that form must be practical. Here practical means the creation of form is likely to be effective or successful in a real situation. In this research paper, I’m going to elaborate this idea in mainly three aspects: form and environment, form and function, and form and cultural context. To support my idea, I will make analysis of Farnsworth House by Mies van der Rohe in these three aspects. ________________ Practical Form A practical form is one that adapts to the real world, and in turn, has good impacts on it. To achieve practicability, many factors
Mies Van der Rohe's Farnsworth House: Transparency and the Problem of Privacy.
Queen Zackereius 2011502338 ARCH 1024 Research Paper Keyword: Transparency MIES VAN DER ROHE’S FARNSWORTH HOUSE: TRANSPARENCY AND THE PROBLEM OF PRIVACY Abstract Privacy, defined as: “the state or condition of being free from being observed or disturbed by other people,” is a basic need of every human being to feel safe and secure, whereby a house, apart from a structure to provide shelter, is also a personal space where adequate privacy is crucial for comfortable dwelling. Glass on the other hand, is a popular transparent material in architecture, that not only creates views of the exterior from the interior of the house, but also exposes the interior of the house and this therefore affects privacy. Thus, “one who lives in a glass house” is often used as a metaphor to describe one who exposes too much of his private life to an extreme extent. This research paper will analyse Farnsworth House by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe to determine whether the use of glass is a threat to privacy in the house. The house will be analysed in three different scales: the house and its relationship with the site, the glass house itself as a stand-alone structure, and the transparency within the house. The paper invites readers to rethink the suitability of transparent glass as a dominant material for dwelling spaces in terms of privacy, and also whether openness and transparency
the eiffel tower
THE EIFFEL TOWER I am going to talk to you about one of the world's most outstanding pieces of architecture. Today what is known to be one of the worlds's most sticking tourist attractions lies in the center of pairs. Named after its designer Gustave Eiffel it attracts an average of 6 1/2 millions people per year. The Eiffel tower. During its time of construction the tower was once the tallest building on earth and retained its title until 1930. From the construction of the tower to the finished product the Eiffel tower truly is an amazing structure. The Eiffel tower was built from January 1887 to March 1889. The tower was built as the entrance arch for French Revolution. Out of the 700 proposals submitted in a design competition, a radical creation from the French structural engineer Gustave Eiffel was chosen. Who is Gustave Eiffel you may ask. Gustave Eiffel, born in Dijon, France in 1832, and died in 1923, was a famous engineer who founded and developed a company specializing in metal structural work. Eiffel's company also created and designed the statue of liberty, which now stands in Manhattan, in New York. Originally, the Eiffel Tower had a permit to stand for 20 years. In 1909 it nearly got demolished; thankfully for us it was allowed to remain due to its valued communications purposes. The Eiffel Tower it is an iron tower built on the Champ de Mars beside the
Local Study of Warrington.
Local Study - Part 1 Warrington became a settlement mainly because of the River Mersey and its crossing point, which was in Latchford. The Romans decided to march north from their fort up at Deva in Chester, when they came upon this ford (shallow crossing point), so a small settlement grew up here. The Romans called it a veratinium. When archaeologists from Victorian times dug up Warrington they found Roman pottery and glass but on our local study we found no evidence of Roman remains simply because its either all underground or has already been dug up. The Anglo-Saxons took control of Warrington after the Romans had left, so they now controlled the rivers crossing point which had now moved down to Howley. For many centuries from then on Warrington was the scene of war and violence because of armies trying to take control of the River Mersey's crossing point. The first building I studied on my local study trip was St. Elphins church. This was hard to date but I think it was Victorian because of its gothic style, with finial spires and tracery windows. There was smooth sandstone which meant that the building had been worked upon throughout time and also an old medieval crypt around the back of the church but we did not have access to it. Around the side of the church we found cannonball holes. Our teacher told us that this was done by Oliver Cromwell and his men