'Pompeii is famous as a Roman town yet it owes much to the influence of other civilisations'. Is this a fair assessment of Pompeii's development?

Saqlain Shabbir 10F Influences on Pompeii 'Pompeii is famous as a Roman town yet it owes much to the influence of other civilisations' Is this a fair assessment of Pompeii's development? We can answer by examining each of the contributions made by other civilisations throughout the different stages of development in the town as well as covering different eras and time periods in which the town existed. There are major races or other civilisations that have inhabited the town during its existence that have had any influence and any power in the town (in order): * Oscans - Native Italian people * Greeks * Etruscans from Etruria (north of Italy) * Greeks * Samnites from Samnium (southern Italy) * Romans To fairly assess the development of Pompeii, we have to examine each of the contributions and their value to the growth of Pompeii. The Bronze Age In this very ancient period of time, there is evidence of an eruption of Mt. Vesuvius and remains of ancient settlements near the river that may have led to the founding of Pompeii. Oscans - Iron Age (900-600 BC) They were a native Italian people that lived in Italy that had existed and lived in the Late Iron Age. It is thought these people found and actually start construction of the town of Pompeii at its present site on the plateau with its first structures and gave the town its

  • Word count: 1516
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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What does the 'Gentrification' of the inner city explain?

. What does the 'Gentrification' of the inner city explain? (Essay 1) Gentrification comes from the word Gentry (i.e. upper middle class) and the second part of the word links to a process of change - in this case higher income groups moving into a formally low income rented area. The higher income households then displace lower income residents of a neighbourhood because they bid up rents and change the essential character and flavour of that neighbourhood by attracting new types of shops and restaurants into the area. Displacement of current residents, physical upgrading of the neighbourhood by individuals and developers of the housing stock change in neighbourhood character reflected in income levels, local services, and possible conflict between new and old residents. It is know as a form of private urban regeneration of the inner city area. Gentrification can also be the migration of middle and upper-class residents into a deteriorating area which may help to revitalise the area, hence regeneration. However gentrification impacts on property values and reduces the supply of cheaper or affordable housing, hence social exclusion. Gentrification examples in London are Islington, Finsbury Park, Brixton and Hackney. Inner Cities Term used to describe areas in decline around the old urban core of the city. These areas have lost there old jobs i.e. manufacturing, road

  • Word count: 1955
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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Source H suggests that poor planning and Winston Churchill were responsible for what went wrong at Gallipoli. Is there enough evidence in Sources D to I to support this interpretation? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your answer.

Sam Arnold Source H suggests that poor planning and Winston Churchill were responsible for what went wrong at Gallipoli. Is there enough evidence in Sources D to I to support this interpretation? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your answer. To investigate the statement above I will have to test it against my own knowledge and against the other sources. I will test all the sources for their reliability and also see whether they agree with and/or contradict source H. Their validity will also have to be evaluated. I will also have to consider my own background knowledge and make a decision as to whether the source is supported by what I already know. There are also the factors of the Turkish defence, the difficult terrain and the tactics employed by the officers in the offensive. Source H was written recently by an historian and states that the campaign at Gallipoli has become well remembered, partly "due to the involvement of Winston Churchill". It also states that "Gallipoli was a vain hope" and that it "stands out as an example of how not to conduct war". Source D supports the view that the planning was one reason, but puts more blame on the role of the officers. A captain who fought at Gallipoli wrote it and he points out that "attacks were ordered rather lightheartedly". He also comments that the whole thing "seemed very amateur". This is a

  • Word count: 1005
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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London 2012 Olympic Transport Strategy

Assignment 1 - Advanced study Skills - Research, referencing and citation London 2012's Olympic Transport Strategy Introduction This report relates to the work performed by the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) who is responsible for developing and building the new venues and infrastructure for the Games and their use post 2012. The ODA were set up by the London Olympic Games and Paralympics Games Act in 2006 to ensure the necessary planning and preparation for the Games takes place. The Act grants the ODA a great deal of power in regards to the Olympic Games. It allows them to buy, sell and hold land; be the local be the local planning authority; develop infrastructure; develop a Transport Plan for the Games, with which other agencies must cooperate, and regulate traffic on the Olympic Road Network (ORN). This report will be centered around a briefing paper written by Allan Gooch which primarily looks at the ODA's transport strategy for the 2012 games. We will be looking at this proposed strategy and establishing where they are today in terms of the transport infrastructure. As this report is restricted to a maximum of 1000 words I will be limited in my expansion of some topics, however I will aim to discuss all the issues relevant to this topic. The Olympic Games is the largest sporting event to date and has provided a global platform for its hosts since the first modern

  • Word count: 1374
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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Travelling Salesman Maths Investigation

Travelling Salesman Maths Investigation During the summer holidays last year, I went on a cycling holiday. I arrived in Roscoff, by ferry from Plymouth, and stayed at a friend's house for a few days and then set off around Brittany on my bicycle. I found the cycling hard work at the beginning, but after a few days, my legs were no longer sore, even after five hours of continuous cycling. At the end of three weeks, I had visited many of the towns and villages in Brittany and had nicely tanned legs. This year I am planning to go cycling with a friend. To avoid cycling along a route which is repetitive and contains long stretches of road to cycle in a day? I will draw a network to plan my route. I have linked up the main towns in west Brittany and distances between them along roads shown in the Michelin road map. I intend to cycle from one town to another during the day, and then stay the night in the destination town. I will start and finish the trip in the small town of Roscoff, where my friend and I will stay at my French friend's house in the town centre. I will try to cycle along the shortest possible route between towns. I can only look at a few of the routes between the 10 nodes out a possible (10-1)! /2 = 181440. This would be far too many to individually analyse. Some of the possible arcs will be left as either the routes between the towns do not exist or the route

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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bradford council palanning and urban regeneration work placement report

Gavin Fowler Student Planning Officer Bradford Metropolitan Borough Council Regeneration Dept. June 2007 - June 2008 Table of contents (p) * acknowledgments .3 * Introduction to Bradford Council .4 * My role as a planning officer .5 - Day to day tasks - FUL applications - The Pre-app Service * The Area planning panel .9 * Listed buildings and conservation areas .10 * Greenbelts and the countryside policy .12 * Site visits and Health and safety. .13 * What has the placement done for me .13 -Personal statement -future prospects Acknowledgments I would like to thank Bradford Metropolitan Borough council for giving me the opportunity to learn and gain a positive experience from my time at the planning office. The experience I have gained has been invaluable and has definitely helped me to decide along a future career path. My time there has given me the confidence and ability to address situations that I would not have necessary felt comfortable addressing before. Special thanks - A special thanks to Amin Ibrar, who has been a good friend and colleague at the planning office. Amin shows great care and dedication in his work and has helped me out numerous problems during the year as well as introducing me to various computer systems, polices and taking me out for site visits. A special thanks to the administration

  • Word count: 2859
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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The 'innercity' problem is a codeword for social neglect and discrimination. Do you agree?

The 'innercity' problem is a codeword for social neglect and discrimination. Do you agree? The city is the focal point of urban geography and can be linked with all other aspects of human geography. Winston Churchill once said, " We shape our cities and then they shape our way of life." So in effect they can be seen as the most important of our products. In 1978, the inner cities contained 7 % of the total British population, that is 3 800 000 people, a statistic continually changing. Firstly it is necessary to define the term `inner city' as it is not a concept easily answered. The Lambeth Inner Area Study (GB 1977) defines its study area by reference to where the inner city problems are, not the other way round. Peter Dicken and Peter E. Lloyd (1977) consider the study area as the contiguous central industrial zone immediately adjacent to the central business district and Valerie A. Karn (1977) was concerned with the inner areas of nineteenth century terraced housing. These interpretations of inner city areas, although approached from different angles, all relate to this same specific area of inequity and disregard. In order to comprehend exactly why perhaps inner city areas are the codeword for social neglect and discrimination, it is at first necessary to determine how they became to be derelict and unattractive places to live. Britains urban problems are aggravated

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  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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Housing & Quality of Life in Glasgow.

Housing & Quality of Life in Glasgow Jobs in coal mining, shipbuilding and steel production (often all referred to as 'heavy industry') started to develop in Glasgow from 1850 and onwards. The River Clyde was used as a gateway to export coal, steel and ships to give to other places. The Coal mines found in Glasgow provided an excellent place to find a job, as the coal mines were near the Clyde it was easy to export and a lot of money was made. The steel industry was also a good place money was made from exporting it through the River Clyde. The ports on the river provided the perfect place to build ships and many jobs were made from this industry. One fifth of all the worlds' ships were built in Glasgow. All of these 'heavy industries' created thousands of jobs. This is due to the Geographical location and luck. Due to the coal mines and the steel factories being in reach of the River Clyde it provided the perfect place to export these products to the rest of the world. The effect of the creation of new jobs on the total population of Glasgow was enormous. The population grew as people came in for more jobs. Due to the jobs many people came in this is called a push or pull factor in this case it is a pull factor. The process of when towns grow is called 'urbanisation'. Glasgow grew from a town to a great city and many people moved out into the outskirts of Glasgow; another

  • Word count: 783
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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Geography - Cheadle is situated south of the Staffordshire Moor lands.

Geography coursework Emma Walford Cheadle is situated south of the Staffordshire Moor lands, 8 miles east of the potteries conurbation. Leek, the administrative centre of the district lies 12 miles North of Cheadle. The general are comprises a broad valley, running from North to South between sandstone ridges. The valley contains a number of watercourses running form North to South, particularly Cecilly Brook which joins the river Tean to the south of the town in the Mobberley area. Part of this area is underlain by coal measures. East of the area is the attractive valley of the River Churnet, further east is the southern most extremes of the Pennines. Cheadle developed on the lower slope of what is known as monk house hill, it seems likely Cheadle was established in Saxon times. The first record of the town is in the Doomsday book under the name "celle" which is derived from Creoles meaning merchant or trader. Cheadle has a long history of trading since the time of Henry III. Location factors include Flat land; Valley for shelter, clay, sandstone and coal measures for industry, good communicational prospects and the River Tean was good for domestic water. Cheadle developed as a trading centre for its surrounding rural area and still is a primary function. In late 17th century Cheadle developed as a significant centre for a large farming area and coal

  • Word count: 1151
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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Aim: to examine the process of gentrification and discover how this form of urban change affects all of urban society.

Gentrification Aim: to examine the process of gentrification and discover how this form of urban change affects all of urban society. What do you understand by the term 'gentrification'? The term 'gentrification' first appeared in print in a journal article by Ruth Glass in 1964 (Atkinson, 2002). Though the process of gentrification pre-dates this and Carter (1995) notes that gentrification was affecting New York City as early as the First World War. Gentrification is a process of physical, social, economic and cultural changes in inner-city communities resulting from the influx of new people. It is normally associated with less affluent, often working class, inner-city communities which are transformed into more affluent, middle/upper class, communities by the upgrading and modernisation of buildings, resulting in increased land values and the removal of less affluent residents. Slater (2004) comments that gentrification is a highly complex issue that is very difficult to define precisely. Though most definitions include the word 'class', which is itself a complex issue, the essence of gentrification is the influx of different people to those already there. It is an extremely visible process where the new people change the character of the existing community. There are many contributing factors that affect whether gentrification occurs in a specific location though

  • Word count: 1652
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Architecture, Building and Planning
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