This era was the era of the industrial revolution in Britain. During which Britain changed from an agricultural country, to an industrial country. Its empire and trade expanded and it greatly developed into an important and powerful nation on the whole.
This era was the era of the industrial revolution in Britain. During which Britain changed from an agricultural country, to an industrial country. Its empire and trade expanded and it greatly developed into an important and powerful nation on the whole. Everything was affected. In my essay I will discuss how, what and why different things changed during this era. I will do this referring to the three sources (pictures), of an imaginary place in Britain, changing over three time periods between 1750 and 1900 (1750, 1830 and 1890). I will start off with transport. In the first picture:1750, there a three horses, loaded up with items of trade. This is because in the 1750's that was the way of transporting goods. Horses were loaded with all the items of trade their owner had, and were taken round town for anyone interested to buy the items. Also noticeable in the picture is the rather old fashioned, horse drawn carriage. This was the main way of transporting people. The roads at this time in the picture are dirt tracks. In the second picture: 1830, the most significant thing is the train. The railway started in 1825. By 1829 locomotive engineering had improved further, producing fast, efficient engines for passenger and freight transport. So naturally, in 1830, railways were rapidly spreading out through Britain. This meant that this imaginary town, was basically linked up to
Define the term ‘Rural-urban fringe’.
Define the term 'Rural-urban fringe'. The area of countryside laying on the edges of the built up area. Some land uses that are present, such as golf courses and water supply, are for the benefit of those living in the city. This area is under the greatest pressure from city growth, which is increasing because of the desire of many people and businesses to move out of town. The characteristics of this area can be split into two areas: - i. Economic factors from the urban area. These are: - On the outer edge of the urbanised area (the present urban boundary), there are several types of structure to be found. Firstly business and science parks with high-tech industries along with regional shopping complex or hypermarket and office development. Secondly, new suburban hosing estates of large detached houses surrounded with big gardens, characterised by a ribbon or linear development along main roads as well as suburbanised villages, dormitory settlements and homes for commuters who live in this outer fringe but work in the city. And lastly, areas of large sewage works and landfill/waste sites, areas of work sites and urban by-passes, national motorways and service stations. ii. Environmental factors from the non-urban area. These are :- Further out into the rural areas theses buildings disappear to be replaced by farmland and country parks, near enough to the
External Envelope
EXTERNAL ENVELOPE CONTENTS .0 INTRODUCTION 3 2.0 FAÇADE DESIGN 4 3.0 HEAT TRANSFER 5 3.1 Conduction 5 3.2 Convection 5 3.3 Radiation 6 4.0 BUILDING REGULATIONS 6-7 5.0 STRUCTURES 8 5.1 Steel 8 5.2 Concrete 8-9 5.3 Glass 10 6.0 FAÇADE FORMS, MATERIALS & CONSTRUCTION 11 6.1 Heavyweight 11 6.1.1 Masonry - Stone 11-12 6.1.2 Masonry - Brick 13 6.2 Lightweight 14 6.2.1 Metal Panels 14-15 6.2.2 Plastics 16 6.2.3 Timber 16-17 6.2.4 Fabric 17 6.2.5 Curtain Wall 18-19 7.0 CONCLUSION 20 8.0 REFERENCES 21 .0 INTRODUCTION An external envelope (also know as: façade, skin), is constructed for enclosure of a building to protect the occupants, storage items & the interior of the building from outside intrusion (for security), external weather elements (wind, snow, rain etc), whilst producing a comfort factor relevant for the end user/s by ensuring the correct materials & methods are used whilst cohering with the relevant Building Regulations and British Design Standards. 2.0 FAÇADE DESIGN The façade of a building needs to be designed at the very early stages of the construction process. This ensures that a detailed analysis of the energy input/output, and it's structural integrity and durability is concluded. If this procedure is not adhered to,
"The crisis of the inner city" is a misnomer, "What exists in the nations inner urban areas are a set of wider social and economic problems which happen to be expressed spatially" Discuss.
"The crisis of the inner city" is a misnomer, "What exists in the nations inner urban areas are a set of wider social and economic problems which happen to be expressed spatially" Discuss By Katie Clarke Once, inner cities were the industrial centres of the city. The city expanded with its main employers as the nuclei. Today the inner city is a base for leisure with shops, theatres, pubs, and restaurants their speciality. This change has left great areas of deprivation in many inner cities. This report will analyse if there really is a crisis in the inner cities. In Britain today, most inner city areas are aged. When industrialisation took place workers needed to live close to the factories as transport systems were non existent. Cheap terrace housing was built near city centres; most was cramped, unplanned and had only had basic amenities. As these houses fell into disrepair they became slums. After the Second World War, slum clearance programs began and as urban transport improved, many British cities began to change rapidly. Margaret Thatcher first proclaimed that she intended to do something about the inner city following the election in 1987. Since then the government has developed various strategies to solve inner city problems. The problems that Lady Thatcher was referring to are vast. Each inner city is unique with its own set of problems but some of the problems
Building Analysis
Building Analysis Contents Page .0 Executive Summary........................................................................... 2.0 Introduction........................................................................................ 3.0 Approach............................................................................................. 4.0 A load path diagram and technical description of the building's structural form..................................................................................... 5.0 Technical descriptions for the elements of the building......... 6.0 Conclusion........................................................................................... Bibliography...................................................................................................... .0 Executive Summary In terms of how the North Hall Library building resists all vertical and horizontal loads and transfers these to the subsoil. In relation to technical descriptions for the elements of the building the foundation is assumed to be of a strip footing below a solid concrete floor. A solid brickwork walls were also uncovered with good quality English bond. The doors and windows use softwood timber and a mezanine structure completely independent of the main building structure accomodates the adapted use of the building. The roof with
Coalbrookdale iron works.
Coalbrookdale Coursework Introduction Coalbrookdale was a mayor iron works. It grew through the 18th century and was at its peek around 1850 the mid 19th century. It then declined in importance as it was overtaken by larger iron producing centres, but remained one of the top producers of artistic and high quality ironwork. One of the main characters in the early years of Coalbrookdale was Abraham Darby I. He discovered coke by slowly burning coal, as wood was done to make charcoal, which was used before coke was discovered. Darby used coke instead of charcoal, as it was cheaper. This produced cheep low quality iron, which he used to make cooking pots. He made fortune of these. Abraham Darby II, Darby I's son, made coke ovens, which made better quality coke, this in turn made better quality iron. He also made strengthened bellows to give a stronger blow to the furnaces. Abraham Darby III, Darby II's son, attracted good workers by buying farms to feed them, paying good wages and building them houses, schools, pubs and even an institute. He also promoted Coalbrookdale iron; he did this by making a bridge out of iron, 'The Iron Bridge'. This would have been impossible 50 years earlier. This provided great advertisement for his company and his iron was soon in huge demand. Although the Darby's discoveries were extremely important in the mass production of cast iron, they did
To what extent is Liverpool typical of economic and social trends in Urban Britain since 1950?
Angie Kay SOCI 102: Social Change in Contemporary Society November 2002 To what extent is Liverpool typical of economic and social trends in Urban Britain since 1950? In order to determine to what extent Liverpool fits the economic and social changes which have occurred in Urban Britain in the past 50 years, it is necessary to first identify such changes and trends. There are clear sets of both social and economic changes experienced by Britain, but it is also important to recognise the somewhat interrelatedness of these; economic changes have often led to consequences of social context i.e. Many social changes are fuelled by economic growth. Britain's economy has experienced a number of changes since the start of the 19th century, a time when its status was that of one of the, if not the most economically advanced countries in the world. The Industrial Revolution fuelled further economic expansion which subsequently enhanced political and military power. '30 glorious years' followed the first half of the 20th century which was haunted by poverty and hardship following the Great Depression of the 1920s and 30s. Britain's urban areas and population experienced various changes during the fifty years following the second world war. One of the most significant economic changes emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s. After a recession in the 1970s, as Britain's economic
A SHORT HISTORY OF BLACKPOOL EARLY BLACKPOOLFor centuries Blackpool was a hamlet by the sea. Then during the 18th century it became fashionable for the well to do to travel
A SHORT HISTORY OF BLACKPOOL EARLY BLACKPOOL For centuries Blackpool was a hamlet by the sea. Then during the 18th century it became fashionable for the well to do to travel to the seaside during the summer. (In those days people believed that bathing in seawater could cure diseases). Visitors came to Blackpool from the middle of the 18th century. However Blackpool remained a very small place until 1781. In that year two men, Thomas Clifton and Sir Henry Hoghton built a private road to Blackpool. That made it much easier to reach. The same year stagecoaches began running to Blackpool from Manchester. In 1782 they began running from Halifax. Nevertheless Blackpool grew only slowly in the early 19th century. A man named Henry Banks developed Blackpool in the early years of the century. He erected new buildings. His work was carried on by his son-in-law, a man named John Cocker. St John's Church was consecrated in 1821. In 1801 Blackpool had a population of less than 500. By 1851 it had risen to over 2,500. However Blackpool only grew into a substantial town when a railway was built connecting it to the industrial towns of the north. The railway made it much easier and cheaper for visitors to reach Blackpool. The first railway in the area opened in 1840 but it only ran as far as Poulton in the Fylde. Nevertheless the Preston and Wyre railway boosted the growth of
Built Heritage
SU4020 BUILT HERITAGE CONSERVATION COURSEWORK 1 LISAVOON 087317 Report 23rd March 2009 Word Count: 2582 Table Content . Introduction 3 2. Timeline 4 3. Summary 5 4. Historical significance 7 5. Architectural design 9 5.1. Broad Street Elevation 9 5.2. Quadrangle 10 5.3. Mitchell Tower 11 5.4. Mitchell Hall 12 5.5. Interior 14 5.6. Architectures 15 5.6.1. Archibald Simpson 15 5.6.2. Robert Mathieson 16 5.6.3. WW Robertson 16 5.6.4. Alexander Marshall Mackenzie 16 6. Current use- redevelopment 17 7. Social Issues 18 8. Setting 19 9. Conclusion 20 References 21 Appendix 23 . Introduction The building that I had chosen is Marischal College, because it can consider as heritage building, that more than 400 years. Marischal College is a building in the Scottish city of Aberdeen, and it is belonging to the University of Aberdeen. The Marischal College located at the broad street, it have many alternative names Gallowgate; Greyfriars Church; Mitchell Hall; Mitchell Tower; Aberdeen University; Museum Marischal College claimed to be the second largest granite building in the world and the one most defining landmarks, exceeded only by Spain's Escorial, once the home of the Spanish monarchy. The frontage
Evaluation and Design. Bexley College Tower campus wishes to relocate to a more centrally located site, maximising revenue from the sale of the existing site. This feasibility study aims to explore the possible solutions and identify the most feasible opt
Ben Gregory HNC 1 2011 Evaluation and Design Table of contents Table of contents 2 Introduction 2 Project alternatives 3 Solution 1 - Tesco Extra Store 3 Solution 2 - Big Yellow Storage 3 Solution 3 - soft play centre 3 Solution 4 - Leisure Park 4 Conclusion 4 Legal 4 Financial 5 Project Brief 6 Objectives and scope of the project 7 Project team 7 Materials 7 Legal and Polices 7 References 7 Introduction Bexley College Tower campus wishes to relocate to a more centrally located site, maximising revenue from the sale of the existing site. This feasibility study aims to explore the possible solutions and identify the most feasible option for redevelopment, maximising the revenue raised by the sale of the land and existing structures. The site occupies 3.11 Ha and there are three interconnecting structures, along with small car parking facilities. The site is in a residential area, next door to a school. Project alternatives The possible solutions of this project are evaluated and compared by the following criteria a) potentials to maximise revenue for the sale of the site for the college; b) benefits to the local community c) timescales for redevelopment Solution 1 - Tesco Extra Store The development of a superstore providing a