Define Species.

characteristics shared by members of a group.

Taxonomy uses organisms and groups them according to similarities for

natural classification including internal and external make-up,

evolutionary relationships, and phylogeny.  The reason why classifying

organisms is so important is first of all gets rid of the chaos and confusion

because it is human nature to be orderly and be able to organize things for

ways to deal with things.  Another reason is so that a person could see and

understand evolutionary relationships between organisms.  Also

classifying is valuable because of the predictive value because several

members of group have things in common so it would common to them

all.  Lastly it is important to classify organisms for species identification

because it gives a universal name to an animal or plant and everyone in the

world knows that is what someone else is talking about.  

Topic: 4 – Ecology and Evolution

Sub-topic: 4.4 – Classification

Page: 2

4.4.3        2        Outline the binomial system of nomenclature.

Carolenus Linneaus is a scientist that is one of the people responsible for

creating binomial nomenclature and its current uses and rules called

taxonomy.  Binomial nomenclature is a system of naming all animals and

plants in a universal way with certain rules that are accepted

internationally.  It uses two names and the first one would be the genus

and the first letter is always capitalized.  The second name is the species

and the first letter on this one is never capitalized.  Also when written the

name would be underlined, but when typed the name is italicized for

emphasis.  These two names give scientists around the world a name to

call the same animal for everyone and is a way for distinguishing things

for less confusion.

4.4.4        1        State that organisms are classified into the kingdoms Prokaryotae,

Protactista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Organisms are classified into the kingdoms Prokaryotae, Protactista,

Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

4.4.5        1        List the seven levels in the hierarchy of taxonomy– kingdom phylum,

class, order, family, genus, and species using an example from two

different kingdoms for each level.

Topic: 4 – Ecology and Evolution

Sub-topic: 4.4 – Classification

Page: 3

The seven levels in the hierarchy of taxonomy are kingdom, phylum,

class, order, family, genus, and species.  

        Human                                        Garlic

        Anamalia                                Plantae

        Chordata                                Angiospyermophyta

        Mammalia                                Monocoyledoneae

        Omnivora                                Lilales

        Primate                                Liliareae

        Homo                                        Allium

        Homo sapiens                                Allium sativium