Why Athletes Use Steroids.
Why Athletes Use Steroids. Nirav Patel English Comp I Prof. Bullock One of the most heated controversies in athletics centers on the use of anabolic steroids. Behind the dispute is the evidence that steroids pose a health hazard. They are linked to the cardiovascular disease, liver disorders, and cancerous tumors. In addition, there is evidence that they cause personality aberrations. Still, an alarming number of athletes are willing to risk their health for the enhanced performance steroids provide-and it is not hard to understand why. First of all, many athletes are so blinded by the obvious benefits of steroid use that they fail to note their adverse effects. They are so focused on the increased strength, stamina, and size that result from steroid use, that athletes may overlook the abuse their bodies are sustaining-often until it is too late. That is, athletes who are delighting in turning in the best performance of their lives are not likely to think about future harmful effects. This is the same psychology that keeps the nicotine addict smoking three packs a day, until the X-ray shows lung cancer is so advance that nothing can be done. Some athletes rationalize steroid use another way. They claim that anabolic steroids pose no greater health hazard than participation in such contact sports such as football, boxing, and wrestling. However, these athletes fail to
The Role of Diet as a Modifiable Risk Factor in the Prevention of Osteoporosis
Transfer-Encoding: chunked Candidate Number: Z0 948612 ………… Summary This Position Stand provides an evaluation of diet as a modifiable risk factor in the prevention of osteoporosis. There is an abundance of scientific evidence, which demonstrates the significance of nutrition in the support of bone capital accumulation and wider skeletal health (Wood et al., 2013; Rizzoli, 2008; Ilich and Kerstetter, 2000). This text predominantly focuses on Calcium and vitamin D, as they are two of the most heavily revised nutrients within the context of skeletal system, however, the implications of wider nutrients are also considered. The effect size of diet is evaluated across the whole of the population, as some evidence has suggested that it can be more influential in sub-groups such as children, adolescents, the elderly, and menopausal women (Bianchi, 2007; Hannan et al., 2000; Neer et al., 2001). Thus, it was deemed appropriate to provide an individualistic evaluation of society. Findings from the current literature body are varied, consequently, few nutrients have universally accepted reference values. Position Stands are required to assess the clinical effectiveness of set nutrients at a specific point in time. Curre-ntly, there is enough evidence to make basic recomm-endations for calcium and vitamin D. On the contrary, there is inadequate evidence to make firm
Factors affecting performance
Factors affecting performance Here are some factors that have a positive effect to performance * Family and friends This factor can also work in a negative way but I believe in many ways family and friends set out to encourage the performer in a sport. Shouting and cheering will always encourage a runner to accelerate for the last 10meters of a race when they are behind. Aswell as this they can always indicating to you if you are performing a trick or in the wrong position in a football game. This works in a positive effect especially in team games because usually they specify where the spaces are on the field or court so your teammates can pass the ball to you more regularly. This type of encouragement by other people is known as extrinsic. * Teammates Teammates can also point out to you the position you should stand in to be available for the ball. This would work in the team's advantage because they would have more options to pass to instead of you hiding behind and opponent. Also in a sport such as badminton a partner in doubles could designate the direction of a serve if they are capitalising on your weak backhand serve to the front. * Radio or television These factors could persuade you maybe to join a sports activity or be included in a youth club team or school team. They could also highlight the fact that there is a range of sports available for you so you
Cold Tolerance, Acclimation and Acclimatization and Relevance in Sport
Cold Tolerance, Acclimation and Acclimatization and Relevance in Sport Cold climate and conditions associated with cold weather have been known to have an effect on performance of athletes. Although not as profound as negative effects that accompany heat stress, there are many cold related injuries and illnesses that can affect athletes and their performance. Thus, it is important to identify risk factors that predispose individuals to cold related injuries, and methods that can be used to avoid these injuries all together. Testing on humans in the cold does meet some ethical barriers, making it difficult to test the limit of human capacity in the cold, but a large amount of research has been done on lab rats. We can use this information to draw conclusions on how humans might reach our limit in similar situations, and help guide future studies to identify key physiological processes that will help us better understand our adaptations to cold climate. First, it is important to define key terms and concepts in the human physiological response to cold and how it affects our performance. Secondly, focus will be brought to injuries that are of importance from chronic exposure to varying degrees of cold. Finally, observe various insights from studies that have shed new light on cold tolerance research and reflect on how it will aid future advancements in the field of question.
Discuss the consequences for learners of a coach or teacher adopting a narrow pedagogical approach to their delivery finish
Coaching and Physical Education 118153 and 1111139 SP1039 Coaching and Physical Education Richard Blair and Dr. Noel Kinrade Tuesday 17th January 2012 Word count (1094 words) Pedagogy is defined by Watkins and Mortimore (1999, p.17) as “any conscious activity by one person designed to enhance learning in another”. No two people are alike, each person will differ in their style in which they do things and how they act. This applies to coaches and teachers as although their methods will contrast, they are essentially teaching or coaching the same field. (Leach and Moon 1999, p.61) argue that effective pedagogic settings have to display a fundamental understanding of encompassing; “all the complex factors that influence the process of teaching and learning.” For everything that is taught there are different aspects which have to be learnt to master a certain field. During practice sessions and observations it was observed that successful coaches demonstrated their ability to incorporate all skills of the game to create successful players i.e. coaching athletes to be competent with all skills in their fields. This demonstrates Siedentops thoughts on pedagogy as he considers pedagogy ‘as the skilful arrangement of an environment in such a way that students acquire specifically intended (intentional) learning’s. Pedagogy links teachers and coaches’
Medically supervised drugs for athletes should be permitted
Medically supervised drugs for athletes should be permitted Gergely Nemeth Synthesis II 020 - 004 Professor Vinson October 15, 2002 Nemeth 1 Gergely Nemeth October 15, 2002 Medically supervised drugs for athletes should be permitted Doping is an issue, which continues to challenge the sporting community. There are a number of factors that may contribute to an athlete misusing drugs. These factors can be related to the drug itself, the person or their environment. The basic desire to be successful and satisfy ego requirements is a major source of internal pressure. Problems such as self-doubt, lack of confidence, nervousness, stress and depression are common to all athletes. The three authors I picked have different ideas about using drugs and how drug use should be handled in professional sports. William Taylor in his book "Anabolic Steroids and the Athlete" is trying to find a way to lower the number of drug use in any kind of sports. Johan Hoberman is analyzing the doping crisis in his article "Sports physicians and the doping crisis in elite sport". Sidney Gendin, the author of the last article, "Let's ban those who don't use drugs", has exactly the reverse opinion than the first two authors. The drug abuse issue is linked in some ways to the debates on commercialism and professionalism of the Olympics and other international sports events. Because appearance fees
Argumentative Essay
Katie Raffensperger April 4, 2005 Comp. 200 - Dr. Lee Argumentative Essay - #4 Sports. Baseball, Basketball, Tennis, Golf; what athletes do you think of when you hear these sports? Barry Bonds, Michael Jordan, Andrew Roddick, and Tiger Woods? Those are just to name a few of the most famous athletes, but as you may notice there are no females listed there. What about Jennie Finch, the world's best softball pitcher? Or Betty Lenox, MVP on the championship team for the Seattle Stars, or the Williams sisters? What about the greatest golfer of her time, Annika Sorenstam? Many of these women athletes have the skills that men maintain and barely ever get recognized for it. The media is finding it very difficult to support the women athletes because they do not have the sponsors the men have. When a group of friends are together, how many times have you heard them say "Hey the women's basketball game is on tonight, let's watch it!"? It just barely happens. Women who play a team sport are viewed as aggressive and I agree with Kate Rounds when she states in her essay, Why Men Fear Women's Teams, that men find it intimidating to watch. Women who are strong, aggressive, sweaty and awesome at their team sport can be intimidating to a man. The sports where women play individually, golf and tennis, originated in Britain where the women wore skirts and make-up, but were
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM As we breathe in, oxygen rich air enters the lungs. This oxygen is vital for the metabolic processes of the body, which are crucial in order for us to survive. In a healthy person, the amount of oxygen present in the inhaled air is more than adequate for the body tissues to function normally. However, if a person is ill or has been injured, the reduction in oxygen reaching the tissues, results in deterioration of body functions. This is called Hypoxia and may lead to death if not rectified immediately. The process of breathing in and out, and the exchange of the gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide, in the lungs and cells throughout the body, is known as respiration and all the organs in the body that are used for respiration are collectively known as the respiratory system. These include the mouth, nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (commonly known as the voice box), trachea (windpipe), diaphragm (a sheet of muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavities), the bronchi, the lungs and pulmonary blood vessels. The procedure of respiration starts with inspiration (breathing in) through the mouth and nose, which is also referred to as the upper respiratory system. In order for this to happen, contractions of the muscles between the ribs, known as the intercostal muscles, and the diaphragm, which is responsible for the majority of air movement in the