Reproduction, sexual or asexual, is a means of survival of a particular species on the face of a planet. Angiosperms have many ways of reproducing themselves. It is of no surprise that the sex organs of a plant are in their flowers.
Introduction: Reproduction, sexual or asexual, is a means of survival of a particular species on the face of a planet. Angiosperms have many ways of reproducing themselves. It is of no surprise that the sex organs of a plant are in their flowers. Two major organs being: ovary and the anthers. Pollen is found primarily on the anthers, pollen [male gametophyte] is so widespread that we can find it almost everywhere, in the air we breathe, the soil we walk on etc. Physically it looks like a yellow, white or blue powdery substance. Pollen develops within the anther and after attaining maturity falls [by the means of air currents etc] onto the receptive stigma. The stored 'goodies' and RNA kick into action and start the most probably the most rapid growth of any plant cell. A tube known as the pollen tube grows from each pollen grain. This pollen tube grows toward the embryo sac. Eventually two sperm cells are deposited into the embryo sac where they fuse with the egg and form a zygote. Pollen germination is one of the most important processes insuring that a zygote is formed and the plant species continues and does not become extinct. Pollen germination is the stage when the pollen falls on the stigma and start growing the pollen tube. This process is vital since the ovary is located at the very bottom of the anther and is concealed from all 4 sides, making it almost impossible
Skinner's behaviorism and Bandura's cognitive social learning of personality
Running head: SKINNER VERSUS BANDURA Skinner's Behaviorism and Bandura's Cognitive Social Learning of Personality An Assignment Submitted in Partial Fulfilment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Social Sciences in Psychology Apirl 2010 Skinner's Behaviorism and Bandura's Cognitive Social Learning of Personality B. F. Skinner and Albert Bandura are the well-known psychologist. Skinner argued that behavior was caused by forces outside the person. Operant conditioning is the theory of B.F. Skinner and is defined as the type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by reinforcement or diminished if followed by punishment. The theory of B.F. Skinner is based on the idea that learning is a function of change in overy behavior. Changes in behavior are the result of an individual's response to events that occur in the environment. A response produces a outcome. Action on part of the learner is called a response. For an example, purcharsing behaviors is a response occurs in the presence of distinctive stimuli, as people want to buy the cheapest stuffs in supermarket's environment. Supermaket often give us stamps which can be used in exchange for gifts. Stamps is a secondary reinforcer become reinforcing through the association with gift, a primary reinforcer. It encourages purcharsing behaviors through a system of rewards. When a desired
Everyone should spay or neuter their pet dogs and cats. It benefits the pet, the pet owner, the community and even wild bird populations.
Spay or Neuter Your Pet Everyone should spay or neuter their pet dogs and cats. It benefits the pet, the pet owner, the community and even wild bird populations. Overpopulation of unwanted animals is a huge problem. According to The Humane Society, over 11 million dogs and cats a year are euthanized in the nations animal shelters. National estimates of the feral cat population vary from 30 million to 150 million; all of these feral cats kill wildlife, especially birds. In fact, Dr. Stanley Temple, a wildlife ecologist at the University of Wisconsin, states that "Nationwide, rural cats probably kill over a billion small mammals and hundreds of millions of birds each year ... World-wide cats may have been involved in the extinction of more bird species than any other cause, except habitat destruction."(WSJ 10-11-02;A-1). One female cat and her offspring can produce 420,000 cats over seven years, and one female dog and her offspring can produce 62,000 dogs over six years, according to The Humane Society's web page. Although altering the family pet alone will not cure this overpopulation problem, it will help to insure that the problem will not get worse. In many areas of the country drastic steps are being taken by communities to control feral cat populations. Many efforts are being made to trap, alter and release (TAR) feral cats. The benefits of these programs are
Choose a psychologist, Write a short essay on his/her approach, Include the king of research he/she carried out, Outline the studies he/she did.
Amanda Alderson Access to Health care Oakwood Park Day 25th October 2003 Choose a psychologist. Write a short essay on his/her approach. Include the king of research he/she carried out. Outline the studies he/she did. Elizabeth Loftus was born in Los Angeles, California on 16th October 1944.Although she was planning to become a maths teacher, whilst at UCLA she discovered psychology, it was there that she achieved her BA in both maths and psychology She then went on to Graduate school at Stanford and received her M.A in 1967 and also her PhD in 1970 both in psychology. It was while at Stanford that Elizabeth became interested in long term memory and this led her into research how the mind classifies and remembers information and then recalls it. Elizabeth is known worldwide as a cognitive psychologist who works in the specialized field of memory. Psychologists who use the cognitive approach are mainly interested in the way that we perceive process and store information. The cognitive process can be divided into five different processes, perception, attention, memory, language, and studying the way that we think. Cognitive psychologists see psychology as a science and most studies are done in laboratories under controlled conditions. There is now a method of interviewing based on four main principles that helps to improve eye witness memory recalls. This was devised by
What does current evidence on the performance of normal and brain-damaged readers have to say about these two issues: Do we get from print to meaning via pronunciation? Does the brain use one, two, or three routes from print to pronunciation?
What does current evidence on the performance of normal and brain-damaged readers have to say about these two issues: Do we get from print to meaning via pronunciation? Does the brain use one, two, or three routes from print to pronunciation? Topics on word recognition process in reading were always interesting to cognitive psychologists. Recognition means the approaches to information stored in memory and here, word recognition involves the retrieval of information about the pronunciation (phonology) and meanings (semantics) of words from their printed forms (orthography). There are mainly two issues in the investigation on word recognition: how people get from print to meaning and print to pronunciation. Many studies were carried out and aimed to study the ways we use to recognize words. Case studies, such as the report of patient PS by Richard and Vincent (1997), on brain damaged patients showed that phonological mediation is not necessary. In the other words, we can get meanings of words from prints directly rather than via pronunciation. Jackson and Coltheart (2001) outlined the Dual-Route Cascade (DRC) model of reading aloud and introduced that there are three routes which are believed to involve in word recognition. This paper aims to summarise and review current available literature in order to discuss how we retrieve semantics and phonology
Playing God Will Not Help Us Grow - clonning.
Playing God Will Not Help Us Grow By: David Miron 4605756 For T.A. Matthew Furlong Concordia University, Problem Solving and Academic Strategies, Inte298P March 24, 2004 Table of Contents I. Introduction...................................................... 3 II. Ethical arguments against cloning................................... 4 III. Instability of Cloning in this Day and Age........................ 8 IV. The Emotional Risks of cloning..................................... 10 V. The Counterargument.................................................. 13 VI. Conclusion................................................................ 14 VII. Works Cited............................................................ 15 I. Introduction So The Lord God caused the man to fall into a deep sleep; and while he was sleeping, He took one of the man's ribs and closed up the place with flesh. Then The Lord God made a woman from the rib He had taken out of the man, and He brought her to the man. The man said, "This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called 'woman,' for she was taken out of man." For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and they will become one flesh. (Genesis 2:21-24). I believe that over time God has given the human race many great skills in order to progress, skills such as: the power to fly,
Winning - The Only Outcome!
HPE 1129 Philosophy of Human Movement and Sport Lecturer - Dennis Hemphill Research Paper Due - 20th September 2002 Corey Lawson 3077890 Winning - The Only Outcome! "Winning isn't everything, it's the only thing." Acceptance of this viewpoint means that losing is equated with nothing and hence has no value. Benefits only accrue from winning. When a person like myself puts his life on hold for one prize, then the above quote has substance. In competition no one remembers who comes second, to me winning is the only thing I strive for on the sporting arena. The Stawell Gift is a major professional athletics competition which occurs each Easter. The three-day carnival comprises of supreme athletes competing for the ultimate: the winner's sash and the feeling of immortality within its ranks. It is Easter Monday at Stawell. A bright crisp morning saw the running of the 800 metre heats. I was allocated to heat one with many challengers in front of me. The winner of this event makes it through to the finals, furthermore, a shot at glory. I won my heat in convincing fashion. Mission Accomplished!!! I qualified second fastest for the afternoon final. I positively think to myself, "Hey I will win the big one". The afternoon session is televised live, all my family and friends are watching, They have grand expectations of me perceived or otherwise. How can I face them if I
Psychoanalysis.
Psychoanalysis, like psychology, studies mind and behaviour in a very radical yet structural and in depth manner. The difference between the two, however, is that psychology considers the conscious processes as opposed to psychoanalysis, which also concerns itself with the unconscious. The concept of the unconscious arose from Sigmund Freud's creation of the psychodynamic approach to personality. Freud once likened personality to an iceberg with the visible tip above the surface of the water and a large part remaining hidden underneath (Bernstein,1997). From this simplistic introduction to classical psychoanalysis subsequent theories have evolved. Alongside these theories developments in therapeutic technique have arisen, which both coincide with and are a contrast to Freud's original theory. This relationship between classical psychoanalysis and its contemporary variations will be examined, paying particular attention to geo analysis, interpersonal therapy and object relations therapy. Freud opened his extensive career in psychoanalysis with a background in medicine and a period of research at the Institute of Cerebral Anatomy. It was an interest in nervous diseases, which led him to work with a man named Charcot in Paris, who was considering the idea of hysteria (Patterson and Watkins,1996). Hysteria can be described as the root from which psychoanalysis grew and
Is Long Term Memory Functionally Distinct From Short Term Memory?
D.Hook 3/1/00 Is Long Term Memory Functionally Distinct From Short Term Memory? Due to both the ambiguity of the subject and the difficulty of researching it, memory has provided a great deal of controversy in the scientific world. This has been due to issues such as the type of encoding the mind employs in memory tasks, the time limits of storage and other such issues. It was only as recently as the late 1950's however that the question was raised over whether there could exist a separate long term and short term memory system and if so what the various functions of the two are. Peterson and Peterson (1959)1 were the first to come up with this Duplex Hypothesis as the result of an experiment into human memory. In this experiment they gave their participants a three consonant trigram (such as DNP) which was spoken to them to the beat of a metronome. Immediately after this the participant was presented with a three-digit number (in the same way) which they had to count back in threes from, again in time with the metronome. When a set signal was given the participant ceased counting and attempted to recall the original consonant trigram. In this experiment the counting was used as a distracter task which would prevent rehearsal of the original trigram by the participant (numbers were used instead of letters to avoid retroactive interference).
Effect of exercise on heart rate and arterial blood pressure in young healthy volunteers.
59228 Physiological Basis of Drug Action II |Lab Report Effect of exercise on heart rate and arterial blood pressure in young healthy volunteers. **** **** ? 200636232 Effect of exercise on heart rate and arterial blood pressure in young healthy volunteers. Abstract Background and purpose: The aim of this experiment was to test the effect of mild exercise on heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in young healthy adults. It was hypothesised that heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure would increase as it was already known that heart rate increased, pumping more blood throughout the body. It was suggested that the body's requirement for oxygen would cause all 3 values to increase. Experimental approach: Six healthy students had their heart rate and blood pressures read, and then each cycled at a steady pace for 5 minutes. The heart rate and blood pressures were measured immediately after this mild exercise session, and taken again after a 10 minute recovery period. Key results: It was found that heart rate increased dramatically between the rest state and immediately after exercise. After 10 minutes, it had decreased to around the same as the rest state. Systolic blood pressure increased after exercise, and decreased slightly below resting systolic pressure after the recovery period. Diastolic blood pressure
