4) a) The price earnings is the relationship between the stock price and the company’s earnings. P/E ratio gives an indication of future of earnings of a company. Boeing price earnings ratio is 17.35 compared to the industry which is 18.77 what this means is that the market value of each share would be (17.35* $1)= $17.35 the market value of each share f or the industry would be (18.77*$1)=$18.77
b) The market/book ratio is the ratio of the current share price to the book value per share. A company with higher market to book ratio is more likely to issue equity, because they have less external financing options but a low market to book ratio means that the company is profitable and will issue more debt. Market to book value is book value which is Total Assets –intangible assets-total liabilities
BV=51,794-1,698-47,055=3,041,000
Market value is total outstanding shares by market value of company stock
MV= 775.060,000 * 92.54 = 71,724,052,400
Book to Market =4.239
Boeings ratio is over 1 meaning the stock could be overvalued.
c)Book value per share is the value of the share that belongs to the shareholder and gives a good indication for the value of a stock. It is found taking assets minus liabilities divided by the number of outstanding shares. Book value per share for Boeing is $8.242 in the latest financial quarter. Boeings BVPS is about 11 times the stock price ,which is their claim to overall shareholder equity at this time, which is quite low.
Part 3
a)Liquidity ratios tells us the company’s ability to pay off short term obligations as they come due. There are 2 types of liquidity ratios -current ratio and quick ratio. The current ratio is difference between current assets and current liabilities is called working capital. The quick ratio provides a more thorough indication of liquidity than does the current ratio because it takes into account cash , short term investments and accounts receivables.
Current ratio = C/A / C/L
Quick ratio = C/A – Inventory /C/L
The higher the ratio the company can better manage their short term debt obligations, which doesn’t mean that Boeing has difficulty meeting its current obligations. Boeing borrowing funds provides financial flexibility; this was the same for 2006. Boeings quick ratio is much lower than the industry’s; increasing debt would not change this but worsen it. Boeings current ratio is 0.8 which is 80 cents for every dollar of short term liabilities. Boeing may have a short-term asset problem. The problem may be due to high inventory or unproductive use of inventory; this is reflected in its turnover ratios which is considerably lower than the industry.
b)asset management ratios measure the speed at which the firm is turning over accounts receivables, inventory and long term assets. There are five asset management ratios-
Receivable turnovers =sales / a/c
Average collection period =a/c / average daily credit sales
Inventory turnover = sales /inventory
Fixed asset turnover =sales/fixed asset
Total asset turnover=sales /total assets
Figures calculated using Income statement and Balance sheet
Boeing took longer to collect than the industry in 2005 as well as in 2006, this means that Boeing takes longer their accounts receivables than the industry. Lower inventory by Boeing means that could be doing more with their inventory. Because Boeing ratio for fixed asset for both years is considerably lower this means that Boeing may not be capitalizing on net sales from investments with regards to net property , plant and equipment only, but manufacturing and other industries may have a better turnover ratio. Boeing is less efficient at using its assets in generating revenue than the industry. Receivable turnover ratio for Boeing increased by 5.1 times, compared to the industry it was slightly over as well as in 2006. In 2005 Boeing collected its receivables faster than the industry, but in 2006 it was the opposite.
c) Debt management ratios measures overall debt position of the firm, it is evaluated in light of its asset base and earning power. There are three debt management ratios –
Debt to total assets=total debt/total assets
Time interest earned =income before interest and taxes/interest
Fixed charge coverage= income before fixed charges and taxes/ fixed charges
Figures calculated using income statements and balance sheet
Using the data we can confer that Boeing has a higher debt to asset ratio than the industry, what this means is that Boeing might be overusing its leverage and could mean problems. Time interest earned for Boeing is lower than the industry which means that it is not paying off the interest on its debt as efficiently as the industry. The fixed coverage charge of Boeing is slightly higher than the industry which means that
d) Profitability ratios measure the ability of the company to earn return on investment and the ratios give an indication of how well the business is performing in terms of how much profit it is making. The three ratios tell us how much return a company is making in relation to its assets and investments and how efficient it is at transferring its income into profit.
Profit margin =net income / sales
Return on assets = net income / total assets
Return on equity =net income/stock holders equity
Calculated using balance sheet and income statement for Industry only.
Boeings profit margins compared to the industry in the two years is similar although in 2006 Boeing which means that it may have become less efficient at transferring income into profit. The return on assets ratio for Boeing was about half that of the industry average for both years which means the industry is using its assets more efficiently in generating earnings. The return on equity ratio for Boeing in 2005 was about the same as the industry, but in 2006 the ratio was quite higher for Boeing meaning it performed better in terms of using shareholders equity in generating earnings than the industry.
Part 4
In determining whether Boeing is a good long-term investment, we need to look at some of the major ratios addressed. One ratio which is important for long term performance is the debt to asset ratio, where Boeing is higher than the industry and came to an average of 86 cents which might disturb potential long term investors, because every dollar invested in assets, 86 cents is financed by debt. Another important ratio to determine long term performance is the return on assets ratio which is around the 4% indicating a very asset heavy company; this could mean small but safe gains over the long term. The smaller returns on equity and the stable profit margin in relation to the industry, otherwise indicate that Boeing in the long term is a safe bet. Short term investors should be cautious of the short term asset vulnerabilities. The return on equity ratio is the only ratio which is higher than the industry in 2006; all the other profitability ratios are lower which indicates that Boeing would be profitable and safe long term investment.
Part 5
a). Boeing Company Stock Price Data Chart 2004-2006
(Source finance..yahoo.com)
- Daily raw price data listed in Appendix 1
2) Boeing Dividend Payments made to common stock holders in the period 2004 – 2006:
References:
(2007) Summary for Boeing. Retrieved November 20, 2007, from finance.yahoo.com web site:
Napier,D. (2006) AIA industry analysis. Aerospace Industryies Association. 2(2) 1-2p
Block,S.B.,&Hirt,G.A. (2008)Foundations of Financial Management. New York: Mcgraw Hill.