Discuss the bread industry in Malaysia - growth, revenue and pricing.
Q1- Discuss the bread industry in Malaysia Malaysia's bread industry started as small- scale processing industry and expanded to medium scale processing industry today. It had tremendous growth and bread become famous and popular food in Malaysia. Bread products in Malaysia also been categorized as most popular substitute's food of rice and noodle and necessities for consumers. Bread has been selected as good dietary sources; especially it contains high fibre wholegrain or whole meal. Malaysia's bread market worth RM 470 million to RM500 Million, and it has control over large share of 62% in market. Nevertheless, it is still smaller compare to other countries bread industry such as Singapore and Thailand although it has constant growth of 4% per annum. Future growth of bread industry will continue increase and contributed to countries economic as consumers demand more premium bread due to the consumer's lifestyle changed to healthier conscious, nutrition conscious, and demand for higher quality.(Nordin.A,et al,2008) The market for bakery and cereals in Malaysia increased at a compound annual growth rate of 8.5% between 2003 and 2008. The bread & rolls category led the bakery and cereals market in Malaysia, accounting for a share of 57.2%.(Janes,2010) In Malaysia, largest player in bread industry are operated by Gardenia, occupied approximately 40 % to 45% of market shares
Discuss the resort industry in Malaysia specifically Redang Island. Identify factors contributing to growth and analyse pricing ande revenue for th eindustry.
QUESTION 1: Discuss the resort industry in Malaysia specifically Redang Island. A charming history has turned Malaysia into a multinational land of extreme contrasts. Travelling in Malaysia has been a heart-warming experience, while its first class infrastructure makes travelling in Malaysia a convenient and comfortable stay. The gastronomical paradise consists of millions-years old forests, state of art skyscrapers and hundreds of colorful festivals by all the races in Malaysia (Tourism Malaysia, 2009). According to Norlida, et al. (2007), the Malaysian economy was traditionally conquered by the performance of the primary commodities sector such as rubber, tin, palm oil and petroleum which was subsequently followed by drastic development of the manufacturing sector in the late 1970's. Starting early 1970's and 1980's, the government started widening its economic base, and tourism sector became the potential sector to be developed. This is all due to the several major global economic recessions. As to the statistics listed in the EconomyWatch (n.d), it is stated that the tourism industry in Malaysia ranks 35th in the international tourism market. Travel and tourism associated activities are expected escalate to yield profits of 33.6 billion in the year 2007. Tourism industry in Malaysia is assumed to rise by 4.5% in the year 2007. This figure is likely to go up by 6.6%
Clearly explain and discuss the theory of comparative advantage. Given the economic benefits of trade (according to the above theory) why do some countries (give examples) attempt to restrict trade?
Clearly explain and discuss the theory of comparative advantage. Given the economic benefits of trade (according to the above theory) why do some countries (give examples) attempt to restrict trade? ________________ Throughout the following essay I am going to be explaining and discussing in detail the theory of Comparative Advantage. The theory of Comparative Advantage is one the most fundamental and unchallenged laws in economics with many benefits to the economy, and will be basing the core of the essay on this law. The theory of Comparative Advantage was initially put forward in 1817 by David Ricardo which was published in Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. Examples will be used throughout the piece in order to back up the theory and to provide depth to the piece while I put forward arguments as to why some countries restrict trade despite the economic benefits to trade. Comparative advantage is the ability of country to produce a specific good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another country and producing most efficiently. It is said that the country has an advantage over another country at producing that good. So a country should produce and export the product in which they have a smaller absolute disadvantage, and import the other product which they have a greater absolute disadvantage over. To illustrate this I will be referring to an
A COMPARITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX AND CONSUMER PRICE INDEX IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT
A COMPARITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX AND CONSUMER PRICE INDEX IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT 2011-2012 ________________ Table of Content: Sl no Particulars Page no Chapter I 1.1 Introduction to Indian Economy 2 1.2 introduction to WPI and CPI 4 Chapter II Research Design 1. Title of the project report 9 1. Research Problem 9 1. Scope of the Study 9 1. Research Design 9 1. Objective of Study 9 1. Data collection Methodology 9 1. Limitations of the Study 10 Chapter III Analysis 12 Chapter IV Recommendations and Conclusions 22 1. Bibliography ________________ CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ________________ India, a country which was world’s largest economy for more than 1500 years (though then it was geographically larger) and then was robbed by foreigners and yet the country with largest number of youths is determined to prove that India was a country of golden birds and it always will be. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) Sum of all goods and services produced in a country within a specific period is called GDP of the country. It is indicator of economic soundness of a country and parameter of mapping the living standers of the people, therefore the more is GDP the better is living standard. 2010 2011 Q1 Q2
Explain the concept of the consumer price index (CPI) and explain how it is measured. What is the latest CPI figures in Australia (Sept 2012)?
ECON1102 SUMMER SCHOOL 2012/2013 SUBMISSION QUESTION 1: DUE: FRIDAY 21 DECEMBER, 2012 BY 5PM. . Explain the concept of the consumer price index (CPI) and explain how it is measured. What is the latest CPI figures in Australia (Sept 2012) and what were the main factors influencing the CPI movements in this quarter. . Is the CPI an accurate measure of inflation? Explain the importance of inflation when calculating the real interest rate. . What are the economic costs of inflation? . Is deflation a potentially more serious problem than inflation? In writing your answer you should refer to Chapter 1 of the textbook and the article “Inflation, deflation and all that” available on the Macroeconomics 1 website in Week 1: Unit 1 readings. For the latest statistics refer the Australian Bureau of Statistic website: http://www.abs.gov.au This question will be marked out of 20, but will contribute to 6 % of your assessment. Instructions The written answer is to be in the form of a typed report and should include referencing. The written answer is to be a maximum of 500-800 words. This excludes diagrams and references. Information on correct referencing can be found in the under the General information Icon on Blackboard. You must record your name and student number in the Header of the report. If you fail to submit your submission questions by the due date it
The Impact of Domestic Policies on UK Investments & Exports During the Financial Crisis (1970 - 2011)
The Impact of Domestic Policies on UK Investments & Exports During the Financial Crisis (1970-2011) How Did Corporation Tax, Bank Rate & Value Added Tax Revisions Impact Inflation? How Did the Resulting Inflation Impact UK Exports & Investments Vis a Vis Economic Growth in the UK? W12313055 Word Count: 2,994 (Excluding Tables & Appendices) Abstract ________________ This report examines the impact of the following policy reforms on the aggregate economy in the United Kingdom, during the financial crisis: A reduction in corporation tax (2008), a reduction in the bank rate (2009) and an increase in value added tax (2011). Firstly, an overview of historic economic events affecting the UK economy during 1970 to 2011 is given. It is found that oil ‘shocks’ during the 1970s were a major impact on the UK economy, with inflation at its highest and GDP growth at its lowest. During early stages of the 1990s, an end to the British membership of the exchange rate mechanism caused high interest rates, falling house prices and an overvalued exchange rate, therefore, leading the UK into a recession. Following this event, the 2008 financial crisis triggered by the global ‘credit crunch’ plunged the UK back into a deep recession, with poor economic growth, high inflation and high unemployment. The resulting inflation caused by the crisis is then discussed in depth, examining
Discuss the rationale behind the WS and PS curves
Paul Allen Macroeconomics B00561027 Discuss the rationale behind the WS and PS curves. Introduction Traditionally markets were assumed perfectly competitive. This assumption has become more unlikely but here are the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market. There are many sellers, many individual buyers, no barrios of entry or exit, perfect knowledge, perfectly mobile factors of production and no externalities. The assumptions of pure competition do not hold in the vast majority of real world markets. This has led a progressive new wave of thinking usually associated with New Keynesian the theory of imperfectly competitive markets. Perfect Markets In perfectly competitive markets, producers take prices as given; in imperfectly competitive markets, producers have some ability to choose the prices they charge. In both kinds of markets, there is a short - run positive relationship between prices and output, but for slightly different reasons. Let’s start with the behaviour of producers in perfectly competitive markets; remember, they take the price as given. Imagine that, for some reason, the aggregate price level falls, which means that the price received by the typical producer of a final good or service falls. Because many production costs are fixed in the short run, production cost per unit of output doesn’t fall by the same proportion as
Who and what determines the interest rate in the UK.
Introduction On the one hand, an interest rate is the cost of borrowing money. On the other hand, it is the compensation for the service and risk of lending money. People would not be willing to lend or even save their cash, both of which require a deferment of the opportunity to forgo spending in the present, without it. However, prevailing interest rates are always changing and different types of loans will offer several interest rates. For lender, a borrower or both, It is important to understand the reasons for these changes and differences. (R.Heakal) Moreover, the critique relating to the use of the continuance measure for the management of fixed income securities (Bierwag ,1987), which ignores any changes other than parallel ones in the term structure of interest rates, could be validly applied to the prevalent approach to measure the interest rate risk of financial institutions. In contrast, framework models the entire term structure of interest rates for a given point in time by mapping the term structure onto three main factors (Nelson and Siegel,1987). Following Diebold and Li (2006), these factors can be interpreted as slope, level, and curvature of the term structure of interest rates. Who and what determines the interest rate Summaries of the processes by which monetary policy is commanded are readily accessible in Budd (1998) and in retrospect, King (1997,
aovid mid-income trap
Avoiding the Middle-income Trap Brazil, India and China, which are considered as "B", "I","C" of the "BRIC", have been shaking up the world for their high performance in the economy. However, there has been a long debate since the World Bank put forward the conception of middle-income trap in 2006, which sums up the experience of some countries in Latin America. It warns the countries whose GDP per capita has just crossed the low-income trap that they may reach a certain threshold, preventing them from becoming developed countries. However, the middle-income trap is not unavoidable as it seems to be. This essay will reexamine the term, middle-income trap, and present some evidence. It will first discuss the exact definition of the term and the characteristics of countries dropping into the trap. Flowing this, it will talk about the debate on whether these developing countries will drop into the trap pro and con. Finally, it will present the author's own ideas on this issue and give some probable suggestions. The concept of middle-income trap and some evidence Although the term has greatly attracted people's attention, little evidence confirms the existence. Here, we will discuss the definition of "middle-income trap" and the different income groups classified by the World Bank through reviewing the recent research. Then there will be some details of each group such as the
The purpose of this coursework is to study the characteristics of inflation in the Russian economy
Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation International Finance Faculty Department “Macroeconomics and Macroeconomic Regulation” Laboratory work on Macroeconomics on the topic: “The problem of inflation in Russia and anti-inflation macroeconomic policy” Made by student(s) of group IFF 2-2 Kirill Lazutin Tutor: associate professor, candidate of science in economics Kadysheva O.V. Moscow 2012 Content Introduction…………………………………………………………………… 2 Chapter 1. Theoretical aspects of inflation and its implications……………… 3 .1 Inflation as a form of macroeconomic instability………………………… 3 .2 Types of inflation…………………………………………………………. 6 .3 Socio-economic effects of inflation………………………………………. 8 Chapter 2. Features inflation RF and anti-inflation policy of the State……… 12 2.1 Problems of holding inflation in Russia…………………………...……... 14 2.2 Analysis of the rate of inflation for 2010-2011…………………………... 16 2.3 Anti-inflation policy of the state in 2011………………………………… 24 2.3 The inflation outlook for 2012…………………………………………… 31