Home ownership is " a form of housing provision characterised by unevenness and inequality rather than homogeneity and uniformity of benefit and experience" Discuss
Home ownership is " a form of housing provision characterised by unevenness and inequality rather than homogeneity and uniformity of benefit and experience" Discuss This essay will be looking at several aspects of home ownership including low cost home ownership, normalisation, owner occupation and how it effects the home owner, grants to home owners and divisions in cities due to ethnicity. These will all be useful in explaining whether or not home ownership is " a form of housing provision characterised by unevenness and inequality rather than homogeneity and uniformity of benefit and experience" Home ownership is when a member of the public uses money they have or borrow enough money to buy a home. Public ownership is when the government provides the housing and you pay a rent to the government in the form of a housing association or Local authority. It is also know as social rented housing. There has been a rise in owner occupation in Britain since the Second World War and the process of residualisation was sped up by the conservatives when they were in power from 1979 to 1997. Residualisation rose because of the policies of the time, favoured privatisation rather than public works. This process of privatisation included the housing policy. The Conservative government encouraged people to buy their own homes. They encouraged people to buy their own council houses by
An investigation in formalizing customer perceptions, attitudes towards an overseas brand such as coca cola in Pakistan.
SUBMITTED TO: DAVID CAPPER SUBMITTED BY: S K PURPOSAL: RESEARCH METHODOLGY STUDENT NUMBER: 2525852 Abstract: An investigation in formalizing customer perceptions, attitudes towards an overseas brand such as coca cola in Pakistan. Company contextual background: History: Coca-Cola is one of the most recognizable brands on the planet, and also one of the world's largest corporations. The company's profits amounted to just under $15 billion in 2005, which is more than an yearly budget of a 3rd world country, while its market value is calculated at over $100 billion. Worldwide, more than one billion cans or bottles of Cola-Cola are consumed every day - or 12,500 every second. "Coca-Cola came to Pakistan in 1953. Initially it was a different structure, now it is an altogether new structure. In the start we had franchise bottling system in Pakistan. In 1996 the company decided to come to Pakistan and take over the bottling system. The process is now complete. All the plants are now owned and operated by the Coca-Cola Company in Pakistan, by the name of Coca-Cola Beverage Pakistan Limited." Source: The Nation 2006-04-17 COCA-COLA BEVERAGES PAKISTAN LIMITED ::.Registered Office Address: D-51, ESTATE AVENUE , S.I.T.E KARACHI. ::.AUTHORISED CAPITAL: 4000000000 ::.PAID UP CAPITAL: 3572986000 ::.CEO NAME: CEMAL AHMET BOZER ::.CEO ADDRESS: FAHRETTIN KERIM GOKAY CAD NO.
Outline the Production Process for your product including quality assurance q How much of your product will be produced The company will be producing in a large scale because as production increases, average unit
TASK 7 Outline the Production Process for your product including quality assurance ? How much of your product will be produced The company will be producing in a large scale because as production increases, average unit costs over most production ranges are likely to fall because the company will benefit from the economies of scale. This is because the output of products is increasing faster than the rate of inputs, average unit costs will be falling and the company will be benefiting from increased returns to scale. This is also because the product is in demand by customers who have shown this in the questionnaire because the product Hamza TV's is selling has similar qualities to the product which people want to buy. Therefore Hamza TV's will sell in large quantities and as Hamza TV's becomes larger it will manage to organise its production more efficiently, it is therefore benefiting from internal economies of scale. Therefore the business is benefiting from internal commercial economies. This is were Hamza TV's can take advantage of the commercial world. They can take advantage of this situation because by investing more money and recourses to market research and the development of new products. E.g. raw materials to be purchased in bulk so that money can be saved through special discounts, Hamza TV's can also organise their retail outlets and have a financial
Ethical issues in advertising and marketing.
ETHICAL ISSUES IN ADVERTISING AND MARKETING ETHICAL ISSUES IN ADVERTISING Advertising is a paid non personal communication about an organization and its products that is transmitted to a target audience through a mass medium. It is a kind of promotional activity. ADVERTISING IS WIDELY CRITICIZED Advertisements often do not include much objective information for the simple reason that their primary function is not that of providing unbiased information. Exaggerated claims and outright falsehoods are the most obvious targets for complaints, followed closely by the lack of taste, irritating repetition, and offensive character of many ads. More recently, questions have been raised about the morality of specific kinds of advertising, such as advertising for alcohol and tobacco products and ads aimed at children. Particular ads are also faulted for their use of excessive sex or violence or for presenting negative stereotypes of certain groups. Other critics complain about the role advertising plays in creating a culture of consumerism. SOCIAL EFFECTS OF ADVERTISING Psychological effects of advertising: A familiar criticism of advertising is that it debases the taste of the public by presenting irritating and aesthetically unpleasant displays. To be effective, advertisement must often be intrusive, strident and repetitive. Advertising necessarily emphasizes the consumption
Role Of Internet In Marketing.
Role Of Internet In Marketing Marketing is the process by which goods are sold and purchased. The aim of marketing is to acquire, retain, and satisfy customers. Modern marketing has evolved into a complicated and diverse field. This field includes a wide variety of special functions such as advertising, mail-order business, public relations, retailing and merchandising, sales, market research, and pricing of goods. Businesses, and particularly the marketing aspect of businesses, rely a great deal on the use of computers. Although Internet advertising is still fairly new, it has become an attractive medium for advertisers because of its several features and qualities. Advertising has emerged onto the Internet scene with the rise of new technology. It combines many positive aspects of major advertising media such as the visual impact of TV and the parallel delivery of an ad with a content a user is searching for, like billboard. More and more companies are using web advertising as part of their overall communication plan with potential customers. To advertise on-line, the advertiser must first choose the site of interest. Various mechanisms may then be used such as ad network, pooled advertising company, advertising agencies, ad servers or representatives depending on the costs involved. For further categorization, search engines could be utilized. During any ad campaign, the
Marketing Strategies of ITC's Bingo
INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY, NAGPUR Marketing strategies of ITC's Bingo Marketing Management I End Term Project Submitted by : Aishwarya S Iyer 08FN007 Amit Verma 08FN012 Anjan Sethi 08FT012 Abhishek Sharma 08HR003 Anchal Sharma 08HR010 Section A TABLE OF CONTENTS . Company Background 3 2. Indian Snack Market Overview 6 3. Bingo : The Launch 7 4. Marketing Strategies 8 5. Porter's Five Forces 11 6. SWOT Analysis 12 7. Creating Value 13 Company Background ITC is one of India's foremost private sector companies and is a member of BAT Group of UK, which holds 37 per cent stake in ITC, followed by domestic financial institutions and public. Rated among the World's Best Big Companies by Forbes magazine, ITC ranks third in pre-tax profit among India's private sector corporations. The company is an outstanding market leader in its traditional businesses of Cigarettes, Hotels, Paperboards, Packaging and Agri-Exports, it is rapidly gaining market share even in its promising businesses of Packaged Foods & Confectionery, Branded Apparel and Greeting Cards. ITC's diversified status originates from its corporate strategy aimed at creating multiple drivers of growth anchored on its time-tested core competencies: unmatched distribution reach, superior
Situational Analysis: The internal strengths regarding the marketing toward non-student populations and alumni revolve around the concept that EWU athletic events are a relatively inexpensive activity to entertain entire families.
CD 4.0 Table of Contents Executive Summary Bibliography Chris DelRiccio Joe Killinger Kip Kobatake Aaron McCoy Nicole Morck Miguel Velazquez Omar Torres LeeAnne Weishaar Table of Contents I.) Executive Summary: Page # II.) Introduction: Page # III.) Situation Analysis: Page # a. Internal i. Strengths ii. Weaknesses b. External i. Opportunities ii. Threats IV.) Target Market: Page # V.) Objectives and Goals: Page # VI.) Strategies and Tactics: Page # VII.) Implementation and Control: Page # VIII.) Summary: Page # IX.) Appendices: Page # I.) Executive Summary Situational Analysis: The internal strengths regarding the marketing toward non-student populations and alumni revolve around the concept that EWU athletic events are a relatively inexpensive activity to entertain entire families. Activities may also provide incentives for the population to attend, including Fan Fest, contests, the tailgating area, and the beer-garden. Weakness that must be addressed internally in the athletic department is that most of the financial resources are invested in areas other than creating awareness and even the student populations felt promotions were insufficient. One of the main concerns is getting people to commute from Spokane to attend games. External opportunities of the athletic department include the large market of potential fans living
Contemporary business management.
Contemporary business management Mergers and Acquisitions. This assignment will concentrate on two companies of my choice within the retail sector merging. The companies I have chosen to use within this assignment are: JJB Sports Plc taking over John David Sports Plc. Latest share price for JJB Sports Plc at closing on 21st Nov 2003 was 261.00. The latest share price for The John David Sports Plc was 170.00. JJB Sports Plc JJB Sports plc is the UK's leading sports retailer. JJB was originally formed in 1971 to acquire the business of a single sports store in Wigan. The original store was established by JJ Broughton in the early 1900's and was then bought by JJ Braddock and then JJ Bradburn. As these initials were all the same the business was known locally as JJB's www.jjb.co.uk/corporateinfo They sell mainly sporting items in the stores such as Nike and Reebok . JJB Sports Plc also operates an expanding Leisure Division, which comprises Health Clubs and Soccerdomes (indoor soccer centres) www.jjb.co.uk/corporateinfo JJB's retail success is built around providing quality products for the mass market at budget prices. www.precor.com John David Sports Plc The first JD Sports shop opened in Bury, Lancashire in December 1981, named after the owners John Wardle and David Makin. www.jdsports.co.uk In the year 2002 JD Sports changed its named to John David Sports
Choosing the marketing strategy.
Task 5 Choosing the marketing strategy. I am going to look at the different market strategies that exist and the strategy my product will use. Ansoff's matrix is one of the most well know frameworks for deciding upon strategies for growth. Product Market Present New Present Market Penetration Product Development New Market Development Diversification Marketing Penetration Here we market our existing products to our existing customers. This means increasing our revenue by, for example, promoting the product, repositioning the brand, and so on. However, the product is not altered and we do not seek any new customers. Market Development Here we market our existing product range in a new market. This means that the product remains the same, but it is marketed to a new audience. Exporting the product, or marketing it in a new region, are examples of market development. Product Development This is a new product to be marketed to our existing customers. Here we develop and innovate new product offerings to replace existing ones. Such products are then marketed to our existing customers. This often happens with the auto markets where existing models are updated or replaced and then marketed to existing customers. Diversification This is where we market completely new products to new customers. There are two types of diversification, namely related and
International Marketing - Risk and opportunities of Estee Lauder in China
LIST OF CONTENTS . Introduction..............................................................................3 2. Political Risk Analysis.................................................................4-10 2.1 Summary of Political & Economics systems 2.2 Legal Systems 2.3 Major potential risks in doing business 2.4 Risk Reduction model 2.5 EIU framework 2.6 Summary of Political Risk 3. Cosmetics & Toiletries Industry...................................................11-15 3.1 Market Size & growth 3.2 Main sectors & Products 3.3 Consumer Characteristics & Segments 3.4 Major Companies 3.5 Trend 3.6 Opportunity for Investment 3.7 Trade & Professional Associations 4. Market Entry Strategy.................................................................16-18 4.1 Joint Venture Strategy 4.2 Positioning 4.3 Product Adaptation 4.4 Pricing 4.5 Channel Selection 4.6 Customer Service 5. Conclusions...........................................................................19 6. Bibliography..........................................................................20-21 . INTRODUCTION The aim of this report is to provide an assessment of the risks, opportunities and appropriate market entry strategy for Estee Lauder to launch a men's range in the cosmetics and toiletries industry in