Production processes

I shall be examining the different methods of production and manufacturing. This essay will show in a certain degree of depth, how the types of production are used and which are more efficient for a business organisation. I must produce clear evidence that the choice of manufacturing methods depends on the product being made and I must show the various factors that affects the choice manufacturing methods.

Production is the total output made by as business. For production to occur, it is vital acquire certain inputs. Inputs are resources or raw materials, which are processed in order to create input. These take the form of capital equipment, materials and human resources. These inputs are transformed in the productive process. The process consists of four forms;

* Extraction (Mining raw material e.g. coal)

* Analytical techniques

* Fabrication

* Synthesis

Below is a diagram which shows the transformation id the inputs produces an output, this will take the form of goods or services.

Fig.1.

People Goods

Machines and

Materials INPUTS- THE CONVERSION PROCESS services

Information

Money

Examples of production in the primary industry are the use of land and tractor to grow cabbages. In the secondary sector the use of wood glue screws, labour, drilling and cutting resources to produce furniture. And in the tertiary sector services such as mortgages, accounts etc.

There are various types of production processes; I shall b examining the main five processes used by today's organisations. Five types of process can be indented as:

* Project production

* Jobbing production

* Line production

* Batch production

* And continuos flow production

The choice of production that a business may chose to use will be determined by the financial resources that the firm has and the extent to that it seeks to produce a differentiated product!

Project production is mainly used in large scale projects made to customers requirements for example such as a an oil tanker. The product is unique and is manufactured by skilled labour workers using flexible resources. Due to the detail required to make the product, considerable planning is required for assurance of product guarantee as there is a lot at stake, as the product is unique and has a lot of financial backing. Quantitative techniques such as network analysis are essential to successful management of the project. It is normally necessary to break down the overall project in to manageable sub tasks, many of which are subcornated.
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Jobbing production mainly refereed to, as job production is similar to project production, as they are both concerned with the production of unique goods, which are made to order. Project production mainly produces large-scale goods whereas in job production the items are small scale ones and are made in a workshop, example; such as made to measure three piece suits. Machinery carry out the same processes as a skilled workers may, the product moves from one workstation to another, were different objectives are met. Job production is a method of organising production where a series of different products ...

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