By analysing Picassos Guernica and what he meant by his painting, this essay will reflect on how a role and the meaning of one piece of art can change over time.

TASK 1: Drawing on the example of Picasso’s Guernica, write an essay of 1000 words discussing the roles, functions and meanings a piece of art can have. Picasso’s Guernica is one of the most famous and powerful anti-war paintings of all time. The meaning of the painting is not immediately clear and as a piece of art it can mean many things to many people. It is crucial to highlight the circumstances surrounding the creation of the painting and to include the past and the current context of the spectator. By analysing Picasso’s Guernica and what he meant by his painting, this essay will reflect on how a role and the meaning of one piece of art can change over time. Picasso painted Guernica as a reaction to the bombing of the Basque town of Guernica by German war planes during the Spanish civil war in 1937. Since 1936 Spain was going through a civil war between the fascist forces led by General Franco and the democratic Republican government. To intimidate the population Franco decided with the help of Adolph Hitler to unleash a terror bombing exercise on Guernica which had no military connection but was important for Basque nationalism and for their tradition of independence. Guernica depicts unforgettable images of violence, turmoil, people and animals suffering in a room full of disarray. The painting gives a clear visual account of the shocking and chaotic effect

  • Word count: 20756
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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Timbre as a form-building property in the music of Kaija Saariaho

Timbre as a form-building property in the music of Kaija Saariaho Candidate number: 22025865 MUS335 Individual Research Topic MMus Contemporary Music Studies Abstract This essay outlines the evolution of Kaija Saariaho's working methods from the 1980s to the present, with particular reference to her own research on timbre and form. Relatively recent music research began to address the need for new formal possibilities to suit the requirements of avant-garde composition. The main focus of this essay is on timbre as a form-building element in Saariaho's music, and her association with psychoacoustics, which examines the ways in which timbral form can be apprehended. The essay commences with a summary of the historical background to Saariaho's interest in timbre and its relation to "spectral" music. After investigating her work in this field, the essay then examines Saariaho's violin concerto Graal Théâtre (1994) in more detail, to show how the composer's working methods and range of expression have expanded, with a subtle shift of emphasis from timbral concerns towards more linear, melody-led compositions. Throughout the essay, the author locates Saariaho's music in its historical context and circumstances, and looks at her music's relationship to its surroundings, canonic origins and influences. The essay concludes with some critical thoughts on the nature of timbre as

  • Word count: 14305
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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The Works of W. A. Mozart for the Basset horn: An Annotated Bibliography Including a Catalogue Discussion and Review of Mozarts Works Utilizing Basset Horn and Basset Clarinet

THE WORKS OF W. A. MOZART FOR THE BASSET HORN: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY INCLUDING A CATALOGUE DISCUSSION AND REVIEW OF MOZART'S WORKS UTILIZING BASSET HORN AND BASSET CLARINET. Keith Northover 6211-5955 Professor Mitchell Estrin Honors Research Project University of Florida, November 30, 2009 As an aspiring clarinetist with a fascination for all types of clarinets or auxiliary clarinets, it would be imperative to study and research about the clarinet's history including its close relative, the basset horn. As a relatively young instrument to the orchestra, the clarinet began its development around the later part of the 18th century. Early in its development, instrument makers would create and experiment with different shapes and sizes. As developers wanted bigger instruments, the technological inadequacies of the time influenced the designs of the larger clarinets, then called basset horns. Mozart, an influential and important composer, first heard clarinets most likely during his stay in London in 1764, in Milan in 1771, and Mannheim in 1777, but not in Salzburg because there were none in his home city.1 After hearing and discovering several virtuosi performing on the clarinet, the basset horn, and basset clarinet, Mozart became highly motivated and inspired to write numerous works involving these instruments. This project attempts to discuss and review all of the

  • Word count: 12466
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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Eesti Muusikaakadeemia.

Eesti Muusikaakadeemia Muusikateaduse osakond Maria Mölder Popmuusika plaadiarvustused meil ja mujal III proseminaritöö Juhendaja: Kristel Pappel Tallinn 2002 Abstrakt Seekordses proseminaritöös olen seadnud oma eesmärgiks arutleda popmuusika arvustuste üle Eestis ja mujal maailmas. Selleks võrdlen teatud hulka plaadiarvustusi nädalalehes Eesti Ekspress ja võrguväljaandes music-critic.com. Analüüsides kõrvuti kahe väljaande kriitikat ühe ja sama plaadi kohta, üritan jõuda selgusele plaadi hindamise kriteeriumides ja selles, kuidas on arvamust väljendatud. Mõlemad valitud väljaanded on suunatud keskmisele muusikatarbijale, mitte professionaalile. Portaal music-critic.com on spetsiaalselt retsensioonide jaoks, Eestis aga kahjuks midagi analoogset ei eksisteeri. Seega valin võrreldavaks Eesti Ekspressi - ühe vähestest ja ühe pädevama Eesti väljaande, mis avaldab pidevalt plaadiarvustusi. Sisukord . Sissejuhatus 4 2. Plaadiarvustus 6 2.1. Plaadiarvustus tänapäeval 6 2.2. Plaadiarvustuse eesmärk ja sihtgrupp 7 2.3. Analüüsimeetod plaadiarvustuste uurimiseks 10 3. Analüüsid 12 3.1. Björk - Vespertine 12 3.2. Coldplay - Parachutes 17 3.3. Depeche Mode - Exciter 21 4. Kokkuvõte 25 5. Allikad ja kirjandus 27 5.1. Allikad 27 5.2. Kirjandus 27 6. Lisa 29 .

  • Word count: 9685
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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Better Day Coming; Blacks and inequality 1890 to 2000.

Better Day Coming; Blacks and inequality 1890 to 2000. By Adam Fairclough Better Day Coming is a historic rendering of the Civil Rights movement in the United States is presented with a concentration on the South. Fairclough teaches American history at the University of East Anglia, and aims to present an interpretation of the black struggle for equality in the United States between 1890 and 2000, concentrating on the South in this book. The first half of the book covers 1890 to 1919, with sketches of such individuals as Ida B. Wells, Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois and Marcus Garvey. Quickly reviewing major events (e.g., the Great Migration, the Scottsboro affair), Fairclough guides readers through the 1910s, '20s and '30s, examining the failure of Garvey's black nationalism and recognizing the role of the Communist Party in fighting racism. After that, the book addresses a ‚large of topics: education, employment, World War II, anti-communism, Brown v. Board of Education, the Montgomery bus boycott, the sit-ins, the 1965 Los Angeles riots and the Poor People's Campaign. He also analyzes the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr., and the effects of the Black Power movement on the struggle for black civil rights. The final chapter, skims over the remaining decades of the century. Adam Fairclough commences at a convenient point of the failure of the reconstruction

  • Word count: 8079
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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Evaluation of Dance Curriculum

Assessment 'Evaluate a Dance Curriculum of your own design Content Dance became part of The National Curriculum in 1992, allowing progression of this subject within the UK educational system. However it is only optional at secondary school level as a full option for GCSE, BTEC and A Level, as recommended by The National Curriculum Council (Ashley, 1996). It is from this basis that I will be designing a Dance Curriculum to be taught at secondary level for Key Stage 3, as part of the students core subject content. After a discussion of the content to which this curriculum will be delivered I will be analysing the content in relation to its overall aims and objectives, learning outcomes, the assessment following the scheme of work, and its cross-curricular opportunities. Finally, an evaluation of the concepts of the curriculum will be reviewed, with specific evaluation in relation to Burton, Middlewood and Blatchford's (2002) development of 'the five fundamental truths'. The state sector comprehensive school this curriculum is designed for is within the borough of Middlesex, within the Greater London area. Students entering into this curriculum will be aged 11, turning 12 throughout this year, when they enter into year 7 at secondary school at Key Stage 3 Level. This profile will include students of both sexes, from a variety of ethnic origins and socio-cultural backgrounds,

  • Word count: 7867
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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Research Dissertation:how is the live events industry dealing with negative impacts effecting the enviroment?

RUTH GORDON How is the Live Events Industry dealing with Negative Impacts Effecting the Environment? [Type the document subtitle] 05054165 Festivals have long been an important part of the British summer, regardless of the weather, the music or the current state of afairs, people will always make the effort to party in a field for three days and nights. Unfortunately this has its negative impacts; many of those are effecting the environment. This report examines what is being done to combat these issues and who is leading the way towards a 'greener' future. Table of content Abstract This project examines and identifies the main management issues involved when considering the environment and the negative impacts being caused by the live events industry. The issues have been discussed in great detail especially regarding the importance Improving EFP (environmentally friendly practices). Developing these practices and finding out what festival promoters are doing is a major focus in this project. Issues include waste management and the techniques that can be adopted to minimise waste. The importance of reducing Co2 Emissions by tackling important issues such as audience transportation methods and improving public transport's image when festival goers are considering their route to the festival. The range of methodology used to source the argument and create

  • Word count: 7742
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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Adam faircloff commences at a convenient point of the failure of the reconstruction process after the civil war and triumph of white supremacy in the decade that followed.

Adam faircloff commences at a convenient point of the failure of the reconstruction process after the civil war and triumph of white supremacy in the decade that followed. Fircloff 's writing indicated the struggle of black inequality in the period immediately following the triumph of the northerners over the south republics and the hopes and expectations of the Negro population in the aftermath of the civil war. There hope of freedom and equality before the law. The 13 thirteenth amendment and the recognition of Negro marriages,, their right to form families , to worship as they viewed fit, to acquire and hold property ,enjoy the freedom of movement but they soon realized that liberation would be empty without land ,legal rights and the right to vote in and atmosphere free from persecution ,Fircoff skillfully introduces the aspirations that black held through the period 1890 to 2000 and the inequality they suffered in gaining what was legally theirs at the hand of a militant and biased white population. Emancipation was nothing without independence and the Negro population quickly realized that and began organizing themselves into groups and association to ensure this. They began to distance themselves from the white population by forming their own churches and rejecting the limitations of the whites in laboring contact. Faircliff illustrated the circumstances that

  • Word count: 6687
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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Explaining The Transformation of Environmental Activism: An evaluation of the Explanatory Potential of the Political and Identity Oriented Approaches.

Explaining The Transformation of Environmental Activism: An evaluation of the Explanatory Potential of the Political and Identity Oriented Approaches Where mobilisation is concerned, looking at Protest Event Data, one can see a clear pattern emerging in the number of environmental protests: an increase from 60 to 100/year from 1988 to 80, decreasing steadily to just over 60 in 1991, increasing to a peak of around 160 in 1995, and tailing off dramatically to around 60 per year in 1997 During this period, roads as an issue show the most dramatic increase, and confrontational increases remarkably. The other remarkable statistic that needs explaining is that of the decreasing significance of the demonstration in terms of median numbers of members and gross numbers of protests. (Roots 2000, p9) As far as environmental movement organisations are concerned, the trend has been for previously radical groups to become more institutionalised, in terms of membership base, paid staff and turnover. More recently, there has also been the emergence of more radical disorganisations. The archetypal group here is Earth First, founded in the nearby town of Hastings in the spring of 1991, with an even more recent example being Reclaim the Streets (Q: Why Hastings??? The south east is hardly a hot-bed of counter-cultural radicalism!!!) instrumental in Various road protests, as well as RTS and

  • Word count: 6660
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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The Response of Blowfly Larvae to Light.

BIOLOGY INVESTIGATION: THE RESPONSE OF BLOWFLY LARVAE TO LIGHT Background Information This section contains general information about blowflies relevant to this investigation, leading to the reasoning of a prediction in the next section. Blowflies Blowflies are large-eyed flies, e.g. bluebottles Calliphora spp. and greenbottle Lucilia sericata. They lay their eggs in decaying meat and other foodstuffs, or in the case of greenbottle and L. cuprina (shown in Figure 5 on Page 13) in living sheep! The lifecycle of the fly that I will be using for my experiments (bluebottles) is shown in Figure 1. The numbers on the inside indicate the approximate days elapsing. Bluebottle is a name given to two similar species of true flies, Calliphora erythrocephala and C. vomitora. They have a four-stage life (metamorphosis) cycle, consisting of an egg stage, hatching into a larval stage, which metamorphoses into the pupa, from which the adult (imago) eventually hatches. Each female bluebottle fly lays about 600 eggs, which hatch in about a day. Under favourable conditions the larvae pupate after in-between four days and a week, and emerge as adults a fortnight later, after twelve to seventy-two hours as pupae. This is summarised in Figure 1. As the larva hatches out of the egg, it's sole purpose is to feed so that it has enough energy for the metamorphosis during the non-feeding pupal

  • Word count: 5781
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Creative Arts and Design
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