Tensile test report (full length)
Abstract
The Maximum load, breaking load, percentage elongation and minimum diameter at fracture of Mild (low carbon) Steel, Duralmin and Copper were calculated by applying a tensile load to the respective specimen until it fractured.
Copper and Steel were the most ductile materials because their percentage elongation and their percentage reduction in area were the highest. The Young modulus of Steel revealed that it is also a stiff material. The Duralmin was found to be the strongest material because of its high tensile and breaking strength.
The accuracy of the results were satisfactory but they could have been improved by repeating the tensile test several times and taking an average.
Introduction
The tensile test is conducted to determine the basic stress-strain properties of a metal. The test is also used to measure the resistance of a material to a static or slowly applied force. The tensile test was performed on mild Steel, Duralmin and Copper.
The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the properties of mild steel in detail by performing tensile tests on a specimen rod of constant cross section.
Theory
The maximum load is the greatest load that the specimen can withstand without breaking.
The breaking load is the load at which the specimen breaks.
Elongation is the amount that the sample has increased in length after it has fractured compared to its original length. The percentage elongation is extent the specimen stretches before it fractures, and the percentage reduction in area after fracture is the amount of thinning undergone by the specimen during the test.
% Elongation = ((lf - lo) / lo) X 100
[lf = distance between gauge marks after specimen breaks]
% Reduction in area = (( Ao - Af) / Ao) X 100
[Af = final cross sectional area of the fracture surface]
The Yield stress is the stress at which plastic deformation is likely to become more apparent. This is the stress which is required for dislocations to occur.
The Young modulus is the measure of the stiffness of a material. A stiff material has a high Young modulus. The slope of the straight - line part of a stress - strain graph for a particular material is called the Young modulus of the material.
Young modulus = stress / strain
Or E = ??????????????????
The tensile strength is described as the stress which is obtained at the highest applied force. This is usually the point at which the necking begins in ductile materials.
Abstract
The Maximum load, breaking load, percentage elongation and minimum diameter at fracture of Mild (low carbon) Steel, Duralmin and Copper were calculated by applying a tensile load to the respective specimen until it fractured.
Copper and Steel were the most ductile materials because their percentage elongation and their percentage reduction in area were the highest. The Young modulus of Steel revealed that it is also a stiff material. The Duralmin was found to be the strongest material because of its high tensile and breaking strength.
The accuracy of the results were satisfactory but they could have been improved by repeating the tensile test several times and taking an average.
Introduction
The tensile test is conducted to determine the basic stress-strain properties of a metal. The test is also used to measure the resistance of a material to a static or slowly applied force. The tensile test was performed on mild Steel, Duralmin and Copper.
The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the properties of mild steel in detail by performing tensile tests on a specimen rod of constant cross section.
Theory
The maximum load is the greatest load that the specimen can withstand without breaking.
The breaking load is the load at which the specimen breaks.
Elongation is the amount that the sample has increased in length after it has fractured compared to its original length. The percentage elongation is extent the specimen stretches before it fractures, and the percentage reduction in area after fracture is the amount of thinning undergone by the specimen during the test.
% Elongation = ((lf - lo) / lo) X 100
[lf = distance between gauge marks after specimen breaks]
% Reduction in area = (( Ao - Af) / Ao) X 100
[Af = final cross sectional area of the fracture surface]
The Yield stress is the stress at which plastic deformation is likely to become more apparent. This is the stress which is required for dislocations to occur.
The Young modulus is the measure of the stiffness of a material. A stiff material has a high Young modulus. The slope of the straight - line part of a stress - strain graph for a particular material is called the Young modulus of the material.
Young modulus = stress / strain
Or E = ??????????????????
The tensile strength is described as the stress which is obtained at the highest applied force. This is usually the point at which the necking begins in ductile materials.
