Liberal Divisions and the 1870 Education Act

LIBERAL DIVISONS AND THE ELEMENTARY EDUCATION ACT, 1870: A LOCAL STUDY. David A. Clarke Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of BA History University of Leicester May 1998 INTRODUCTION: THE BACKGROUND TO THE ELEMENTARY EDUCATION ACT, 1870 Since the 1830s, the highly controversial issue of national education had been heatedly debated in the British parliament: In 1833 the first government grant of £20,000 was introduced for the building of schoolhouses in England and Wales; under the Whig administration of Lord Melbourne, the Committee of the Privy Council - the Education Department - was established in 1839 to superintend the use of public funds for the promotion of public education and, at the same time, the first education Inspectors were appointed; and, in 1846, Sir James Kay-Shuttleworth established a pupil-teacher scheme to replace the 'monitorial' system of Bell and Lancaster that dated back to the 1780s, and to improve the quality of school teaching. Later, in 1862, the Revised Code was created in response to the findings of the Newcastle Commission Report (1858-61) on elementary education. Consequentially, the size of the grant - now directly paid to the school managers - was to be determined by satisfactory performance in the 'three R's.' Two-thirds of this grant was calculated upon the basis of performance in tests carried

  • Word count: 11073
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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JOHN D. LEE: A SCAPEGOAT? MYTHS AND FALLACIES CONCERNING THE ROLE OF JOHN D. LEE IN THE MOUNTAIN MEADOWS MASSACRE

JOHN D. LEE: A SCAPEGOAT? MYTHS AND FALLACIES CONCERNING THE ROLE OF JOHN D. LEE IN THE MOUNTAIN MEADOWS MASSACRE Keith Paxton History 497 Brother Coates Date due: July 17, 2012 Date turned in: July 17, 2012 Assignment: Final Draft JOHN DOYLE LEE: A SCAPEGOAT? (Outline) . Introduction 2. Thesis: Even though there were other, higher profile, men, such as William H. Dame, Isaac C. Haight and John M. Higbee, who were involved in the Mountain Meadows Massacre, John D. Lee was the only person singled out for participating in a massacre therefore making him a scapegoat—who was used by Brigham to protect the Church. 3. A discussion of Myths and Fallacies . The way I am going to use myth. 2. The term fallacy, how I am going to use it, and what fallacies I am going to use. . How I am going to use the term ‘fallacy” 2. The fallacies that historians use when they write about John D. Lee’s role in the Mountain Meadows Massacre . Mormonism Unveiled and The Mormon Menace (myths and fallacies about John D. Lee’s role in the massacre) . Mormonism Unveiled and the authorship question . The use of Mormonism Unveiled to describe John D. Lee’s role in the Massacre 2. Mormonism Unveiled and the Fallacy of Possible Proof . What the fallacy is 2. Some authors who make the fallacy and why it occurs (hidden motives) . The Mormon Menace and Mormonism Unveiled

  • Word count: 8315
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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‘Wellington’s Waterloo’.

'WELLINGTON'S WATERLOO' The French Revolution played a significant role in the history of Britain. The ideal of intellectual enlightenment and the idea of an end of a corrupt and antiquated government and monarchist rule, swept across Europe from the summer of 1789. This followed the highly symbolic storming of the Bastille, and the Declaration of the Rights of man. However, when the Revolution degenerated into 'The terror' of Robespierre's government by fear and terrorism, intellectual joy turned into conservatism, and a feeling of betrayal. Politically, the social consequences were profound. As Britain staggered under the shock of Industrial Revolution, Urbanisation and the creation of a working class, the authoritarian response to the French Revolution, was a series of repressive acts of parliament and social measures, like the suspending of the writ of habeas corpus. Just as the new society cried out for help, Reform was effectively quashed for thirty years. The French Revolution also gave rise from Corsican outcast to Emperor, of Napoleon Bonaparte. This man perhaps affected Britain the most, and much as been written about this legendary figure and his wars of aggression. The object of this essay is, however, to tell the story of Bonaparte's final fall, in terms of military history and one engagement, which saw Bonaparte meet an equally illustrious figure, his

  • Word count: 5593
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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The evolving identity of Scottish peoples in New Zealand during the 19th century

Analyse the evolving nature of Scottish identity in 19th century New Zealand, and the role civic organisations had in maintaining memory and shaping 'Scottishness'. The Scots, a people who became forever linked with the pursuit of economic fortune and social influence in Europe's long nineteenth century, often found avenues to success lay in emigration. In those hundred years alone, more than two million Scots left their home country for various locations in the British Empire - and the United States - including India, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. This paper seeks to analyse the effect the Scots as a people had on New Zealand's young society, and how they evolved as a people once ensconced in this country. For simplicities sake, the Scots will be divided up into two clear cultural groups, the Highlanders and the Lowlanders, due to their distinct cultural traditions and differing migratory patterns. Peoples of the Far North, such as the Shetland Islanders, will be ignored, due to their markedly Nordic culture, and relatively minor levels of emigration to New Zealand. Of particular interest is the role of civil organisations, created by Scots émigrés in the latter half of the 19th century, such as the Caledonian and Gaelic Societies, and Burn's 'cults' - all of whom played integral roles in maintaining a unique Scottish identity amongst emigrants - and reflect

  • Word count: 5123
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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An In-depth comparison of two major Confederate Commanders: Robert. E. Lee and Braxton Bragg, during four major battles of the American Civil War.

An In-depth comparison of two major Confederate Commanders: Robert. E. Lee and Braxton Bragg, during four major battles of the American Civil War. During the American Civil War, two confederate commanders stood out amongst the rest: Robert. E. Lee and Braxton Bragg. In particular one of the most famous years for both of these generals was 1963 and that is the year the essay will focus on. In this particular year both generals commanded the Confederate army for four major battles: Chickamauga, Stones River, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. Each battle was in its own different from the other. Bragg commanded during Chickamauga and Stones River. During these battles Bragg won at Chickamauga but lost at Stones River. On the other hand Lee commanded during Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. Lee won at Chancellorsville and lost at Gettysburg. In this in-depth comparison of the two generals, there are three main areas to focus on and explore: Each battle in turn; description, tactics and battle plans. Also looking at how Braxton Bragg and Robert. E.Lee managed to win one of their major battles but lose the other? Also who was the better commander in the end? Braxton Bragg or Robert .E.Lee? It is also important to focus on smaller issues like: each of the generals and their background and also the tactics and strategy they employed in each battle and also analysing the events and

  • Word count: 4689
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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Assess the interpretations of French historians and Pieter Geyl on Napoleon.

Assess the interpretations of French historians and Pieter Geyl on Napoleon. Synopsis This essay will essentially be an examination of how French historian's interpretation of Napoleon's domestic and foreign policies have been heavily influenced by the issues and events in French government and society. This examination will also contain an assessment of the historian Pieter Geyl and his thesis of Napoleon. Thus, this essay will first of all discuss the aims of the French Revolution by describing the Rights of Man Declaration and August Decrees of 1789. The essay will also discuss the Napoleonic Codes of 1804 and its significance and Napoleons actions in foreign countries. After gaining this understanding of the French revolution and Napoleons policies to assist in understanding the historian's interpretations, the essay will then give particular focus on the periods influencing the French historians and an individual assessment of Pieter Geyl. This essay will address this question utilizing a post-modern method of historiography, that is, by firstly studying the period when the French historians wrote, then examining how the historian's interpretation of Napoleon was shaped by the issues and concerns of the nations era. After examining the French historians, an assessment of a non-French historian Pieter Geyl will be evaluated. An examination of Pieter Geyl will

  • Word count: 4519
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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History of Cafes in Paris

Ezel Poslu 9 May 2007 French Garden to Table Research Paper on French cafes HISTORY OF CAFÉS IN PARIS Cafes. The places for socializing, getting drinks, having lunch, getting to know new people, getting online in the internet in the modern time in France. The structure of modern French cafés that we see all over Paris was established over the course of almost four centuries. Beginning with the 17th century, cafés brought a different order and perspective to French society, which still impacts French culture in the 21st century. Their functions and roles are made clear in the 20th century. The historical and social events that took place in between the 17th and 20th centuries gave shape to the modern French cafes. The arrival of coffee before the other exotic, new drinks in Europe and its growing fame were the main reasons for the need for cafés in the 17th century. Social interactions and French revolution made the cafés the places to gather and discuss the issues in society in 18th and 19th centuries. Through the end of the 20th century and in the beginning of 21st century, cafes started to take their final shape with the peace in society, and they became the places to socialize and get something to drink in nice places. Paris had always been known for its lust for

  • Word count: 4509
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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Republic of Texas

Republic of Texas By Camden Bruner The inhabitants of the region we now call Texas have always been categorized as patriotic and distinctive. It is quite possible that Texans developed this attitude from there historical past. It is my theory that having once been there own country plays a big role in the typical Texans attitude. The goal of my paper is to lay out the events in and around the Republic of Texas creation and destruction to show how this historical event shaped the face of Texans and their state forever. Overview: The history of Texas (as part of the United States) began in 1845, but settlement of the region dates back to the end of the Upper Paleolithic Period, around 10,000 BC ( Dobie, 31). Its history has been shaped by being part of six independent countries: Spain, France, Mexico, the Republic of Texas, the Confederacy, and the United States. Starting in the 1820s, American and European immigrants began arriving in the area; joined by Hispanic immigrants they revolted against Mexico in 1836 and defeated an invading army. After a decade as an independent country, Texas joined the Union (the United States) in 1845. The western frontier state was characterized by large-scale cattle ranching and cotton farming. In the 20th century, it grew rapidly, becoming the second largest state in population in 1994, and became economically highly diversified, with a

  • Word count: 4026
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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Critical Review of "Treaty 7"

Kathryn Kell 064513070 February 11th 2009 HI345 Dr. Susan Neylan Critical Review of The True Spirit and Original Intent of Treaty 7. The True Spirit and Original Intent of Treaty 7 is a combination of elder testimonies and critical analysis of historical sources. It provides an in-depth analysis of the treaty making process, from the Aboriginal perspective, from which Treaty 7 was created. The book provides one with the native perspective on the events which surround Treaty 7. The unique perspective of this book and the insight it provides allows one to answer a number of questions, including what the Aboriginal understanding of Treaty 7 is and why they signed it. It also provides us with an opportunity to examine whether or not the Treaty 7 First Nations were deliberately misled about the land surrender terms found within Treaty 7 or whether the resulting dual understanding was due to a case of gross cultural misunderstanding. The True Spirit and Original Intent of Treaty 7 also allows us to ask whether or not Treaty 7 was honored by the Canadian government. The True Spirit and Original Intent of Treaty 7 explains why the Aboriginal leaders entered into Treaty 7. The Aboriginal leaders of Treaty 7 entered into it with four major objectives in mind: first, they wanted to ensure the survival of their people in wake of crippling disease outbreaks and the ever decreasing

  • Word count: 3959
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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Compare and contrast the European-indigenous encounter in Australia with that of New Zealand. In what ways can these encounters be considered wars?

HARTUNG: Centre for Open Education MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY NSW 2109 AUSTRALIA ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET (For Open Universities Australia students) Office Use Only ** Student Name Family Name HARTUNG Given Name MARCUS JOHN FREDERICK Student Number 42505712 Date 24th JULY 2012 Unit Code HST220 Unit Name WAR AND PEACE IN WORLD HISTORY COE USE ONLY Date Received Assignment No. 2 Assignment Title RESEARCH ESSAY Due Date 27TH JULY 2012 Contact Info Phone:0409355686 Email:[email protected] Word Count (If Applicable) 2500 Turnitin No. (If Applicable) N/A ACADEMIC HONESTY DECLARATION (this is very important please read carefully): By placing my name in this document I declare that: This assessment is my own work, based on my personal study and/or research; I have acknowledged all material and sources used in the preparation of this assessment, including any material generated in the course of my employment; If this assessment was based on collaborative preparatory work, as approved by the teachers of the unit, I have not submitted substantially the same final version of any material as another student; Neither the assessment, nor substantial parts of it, have been previously submitted for assessment in this or any other institution; I have not copied in part, or in whole, or otherwise plagiarised the work of other students; I

  • Word count: 3893
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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