Sir Arthur William Currie - this paper will attempt to prove that Sir Arthur Currie's successful involvement in the battle of Vimy Ridge served as a lynchpin to advancing his career to its highest point, and providing Canada a symbol that represents it on the international scene.
Sir Arthur William Currie April 17 2012 Sir Arthur Currie ________________ Written By: Nick Coutu . Overview 1.1 Abstract of report: English: The aim of this research paper is to illuminate readers on Sir Arthur Currie's exploits in Vimy Ridge, where this battle alone served as a lynchpin in winning the war in the Allies' favour. An important connection between Sir Arthur Currie and the battle will be made to illustrate the influence he has had in Canada's future on the international and cultural scene. Indeed, Vimy Ridge served as an important symbol, and it is a symbol which Currie's genius has instigated because it was an unprecedented victory for the allied forces. The paper will attempt to prove that Currie is one of the most important strategist during the war that helped make the Allies win because of his genius. It will close with new insight into the other side of Currie... .2 Background to and scope of investigation A particular interest towards Canadian generals has sprung from researching about the First World. Indeed, it is fascinating to observe that the Canadians played a particularly important role during this war, which helped the allied forces to end the war rapidly and in their favour. So, it was decided that research be conducted on one of the greatest Canadian generals of all time, to illustrate how Canada has come a long way from simply being
WW1 Research Paper - The Actual Impact of Chemical Warfare in World War I
The Actual Impact of Chemical Warfare in World War I “Chlorine kills by irritating the lungs to such an extent that they flood with fluid, and the victim ‘drowns’; gas victims show blueness of the lips and face and the blood becomes starved of oxygen.”[1] From this description of the devastating impact of chemical agents on unprotected soldiers at war, it is evident that this inhumane fighting tactic had the potential to play a crucial role in World War I. But chemical weapons had some drawbacks. First, they were difficult for the user to control due to weather conditions. Second, soldiers were able to protect themselves with proper attire which limited chemical warfare’s ultimate impact. As a result, many people have misunderstood the actual role and impact of chemical warfare during World War I. This paper will demonstrate that, in fact, the most significant impact of chemical weapons during World War I was their psychological effect – that is, the sheer panic and terror that could overtake a soldier at the thought of becoming exposed to these vicious chemical agents. It will provide evidence that after some early success, chemical warfare did not break the stalemate on the battlefield, nor did it contribute to a significantly increased death toll in the soldiers’ ranks. The paper will begin with an overview of chemical weapons used during World War I,
The Dundee jute industry and the Empire.
The Dundee jute industry and the Empire. In considering the question of the benefits of empire to the Dundee jute industry, all aspects of the jute trade in Dundee will be discussed alongside the effect of empire on them. Starting with the raw material jute, where it is grown and by whom, the purchase and the transport of the jute to the Dundee factories. Factory owners, workers, working conditions, and manufacturing equipment will all be discussed along with the products produced from the jute plant, the world markets for these products and the competition for these markets from countries across Europe and the world. The opportunities open to industry and government through trade with both the formal and 'informal' empire, the views of historians on this matter and the importance of this trade to Dundee. Finally, both the benefits of empire to Dundee and the damaging effects of empire to Dundee and its jute industry will be compared and a conclusion achieved. Throughout, the views of historians, primary source documents and charts, relating to the question will be included. Jute is a tough, brittle fibre used in the textile industry. It comes from the Corchorus capsularis plant, approximately 8-10 ft high with a thin stem, and grows only in sufficient quantities in one region of the world, the wet planes of the Ganges delta in East of India, a country within the British
How did the Queensland Sugar industry manage to prosper after the introduction of the White Australia Policy and the repatriation of the Kanakas ?
How did the Queensland Sugar industry manage to prosper after the introduction of the White Australia Policy and the repatriation of the Kanaka's ? After the introduction of the white Australia policy and the repatriation of the Kanakas, many believed that the Sugar Industry would have been effected and ultimately ruined due to the sudden shortage of cheap labour available to the dispense of the owners of the sugar plantations. Many producers fought to keep Kanakas working in their fields as they believed that without the Kanakas there was not enough efficient labour to fulfill the need of the industry. 1 On the contrary to what many believed the Sugar Industry of Queensland grew and remained prosperous after the introduction of the White Australia policy and the repatriation of the Kanakas occurred, this was due to a number of changes in the structure of the industry. After the repatriation of the Kanakas, the government did not want to leave the Australian Sugar Industry in an eerie spot, so they introduced subsidies such as the protective tariff, in which a tax of 6 pound per a ton was put on all imported sugars into Australia. The Government also attempted use subsidies as a way to promote the use of only white labour. This was seen through the Sugar Bounty Act in which an excise of 3 pounds on all sugar consumed in Australia in which a rebate of 2 pound per ton
Outline the growth of European empires in the nineteenth century.
Introduction: 'Imperialism'has always been a complicated subject. There exists discussion mainly association with word like 'political', 'social', 'cultural' or 'economic' and also contentious issues about 'identification', 'disentanglement' and 'assessment' (Porter, Andrew, 1994, p1). European global expansion began in the fifteenth century and " the great 'Age of Discovery' was the sixteenth century", which is long before industrialization, the period 1815 to 1870 has been regarded as an age of 'anti-imperialism', the years following European got an unprecedented rapid expansion (Lowe J., 1988,p49). This essay is mainly concentrate in the European imperialism especially in the nineteenth century. And the topic will be extended through the growth of European empires within this period, the effects of imperialism in Europe in late-nineteenth century and the explanation of European imperialism during the same time. Outline the growth of European empires in the nineteenth century The European expansion begun far away before nineteenth century and grow rapidly during the nineteenth century. There are two significant division in the nineteenth century, one is 1830, before which was the free trade pattern. Another is 1870, after that European powers grew in an ever increasing tempo. The huge difference between these two divisions was made possible in particular by the approaches
Jingoism. Originated in national interests against Russian ambitions, British jingoism spread to every aspect of British attitude towards foreigners. Subsequently, jingoism is a widespread characteristic of world superpowers, owing its origin to the negat
J I N G O I S M Jingoism is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as "extreme patriotism in the form of aggressive foreign policy". Actually, this word means that great powers use their military strength to demonstrate it by affecting other peoples by aggressiveness in their foreign policy. Great Britain was an enormous empire at the beginning of the XXth century and the fact that it was the top superpower of the world gave it confidence similar to that of the one that the United States show today a" and it was overhead covered. Originated in national interests against Russian ambitions, British jingoism spread to every aspect of British attitude towards foreigners. Subsequently, jingoism is a widespread characteristic of world superpowers, owing its origin to the negative effects of power to the society. In fact, it was only natural for jingoism to occur. As the core of the Empire (the British isles) was a territory far more advanced than the rest of the world, individuals from the less advanced countries would be regarded as a part of a 'worse' community. The emergence of jingoism is caused exactly by this a" Britain being far more advanced than the others. It is exactly the same conclusion if the question is observed in smaller societies a" if people consider themselves to be something more than the others, they get inflated with pride. When this over-self-esteem
Why was Kaiser Wilhelm II overthrown in 1918?
Why was Kaiser Wilhelm II overthrown in 1918? The abdication of the Kaiser and the fall of the Second Reich can be blamed on many reasons, all of which fall into two categories: short term factors (triggers) and long term factors. Both of these categories contributed to the abdication but it is the short term factors that were mainly responsible for triggering this huge event. In this essay, I will analyse both sets of factors and try to explain what effect it had on the abdication of the Kaiser and the resulting fall of the Second Reich. There were many long term factors which contributed to the abdication of the Kaiser. One was the growing unpopularity of the Kaiser felt amongst the German people. At the start of the war, the German people were told it would be the war would be a 'short, victorious defensive war'. They were fed propaganda right up to the defeat of their army and so the German people had no idea of how their troops were actually doing. Therefore, the death of 2 million soldiers and injuring of another 8 million were never told to the German people. This long term factor is closely linked with some short term factors to do with the German army. One was the failure of General Ludendorf's offensive in March 1918 in which his attempt was to break through Allied lines. The offensive started on the 21st of March (code named 'Michael') and it depended on
How Far Do The Sources Support the Idea that Germany was Warlike and Aggressive in its Foreign Policy in 1899 to 1914?
School Name: Blessed William Howard Centre Number: 30400 How Far Do The Sources Support the Idea that Germany was Warlike and Aggressive in its Foreign Policy in 1899 to 1914? Source six is the most reliable as it consists of facts. It shows how Germany increased their spending on the army and navy sharply in this period, almost tripling both figures, with the navy figure going from £35million to £89million. This backs up the statement. However it also shows how other countries did the same, such as Russia, adding weight to the Kaisers argument of defence in Source four. It would seem that Source four is the next most valuable. It talks of how Germany is being conspired against by countries wishing for her 'annihilation'. It demonstrates Germanys paranoia, how they felt trapped into aggression and in this way could be saying that German action was defensive in policy rather than aggressive, which is backed up by Source one and six. It is reliable in that it was written by the Kaiser, Wilhelm II, who should have known what was going on, and was secret, and so should have been an honest reflection of his views. It was also written at a relevant time, July 1914, at the end of the period mentioned and therefore able to look back at the period as a whole. However, the Kaiser was losing his grip on Germany at the time, and the document is very emotive in its language, which
The impact of WWI on British Society
Social & Political Change Essay Question 2: Present an assessment of the impact of the First World War upon British Society Neil Chatwin The First World War was the pivotal event of the twentieth century. For many it was the end of the age of innocence. More than ten million lost their lives, yet none of the stated objectives of the protagonists were met. Instead, it toppled four great empires, leaving a fifth mortgaged beyond its ability to adequately recover. It also led to the mass murder of Armenians in Turkey, heralded a rampant influenza epidemic that killed over 25 million people worldwide, signalled the triumph of fascism in Italy in 1922 and contributed to the Bolshevik rise to power in Russia in 1917 which facilitated seven decades of Communist rule and was a precursor to the rise of the Third Reich and ultimately led to the deaths of millions more. The World War of 1914-18, made extraordinary demands on people living and working in Britain and fundamentally changed the social landscape. On the outbreak of war in August 1914, Britain had a quarter of a million regular troops. About 120,000 of these were in the British Expeditionary Army and the rest were stationed abroad. It was clear that more soldiers would be needed to defeat the German Army. The war minister Lord Kitchener immediately began a recruiting campaign by calling for men aged between 19 and
Why was the Battle of the Somme 1916 such a disaster for the British Army?
Why was the Battle of the Somme 1916 such a disaster for the British Army? Why was the Battle of the Somme 1916 such a disaster for the British Army? ` `Until 1916, Great Britain had played relatively little part in the serious fighting of the war. As Russia's Brusilov Offensive had ground to a halt, Italy had suffered in the Alps, Serbia had been overrun and more importantly France was close to breaking point at Verdun, the allies turned to Britain to make a more decisive contribution to their combined effort. There needed to be a great offensive to relieve the pressure elsewhere in Europe and perhaps to end the war altogether. With this in mind, the British high command devised a plan for a joint attack with the French at the River Somme. However, far from delivering a telling blow to the German army, the resulting battle became the most notorious British military disaster there has ever been. `The overall plan had been to use the new British national army for the first time in this battle, and the preparation of these men for war had been ongoing since 1914. 'Kitchener's Army' went to the Somme having had little (if any) previous experience of battle. They were not highly regarded by their commanders and the bulk of the officers and equipment had been directed to the regular army which was at the front from the start of the war at the expense of the new volunteers. The