Can Franco be described as a truly fascist dictator?
Can Franco be described as a truly fascist dictator? General Francisco Franco served as head of state of Spain from victory in the Spanish Civil in 1939 until his death in 1975. Since Franco's death there has been much debate as to whether the Generalissimo’s dictatorship can be described as a truly fascist regime. The crux of this debate hinges on each individual historian's definition of a fascist dictator. Therefore first of all it is important to define what makes a truly fascist dictator. To do this it is essential to bear in mind the definitions of other historians. Firstly as Payne states a fascist dictator must adhere to the concept of 'anti isms', this means a fascist's inherent ideology is antiliberalism, anticommunism and antidemocratic.[1] Secondly Paxton says a fascist dictator 'pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraint goals of internal cleansing and external expansion' which means a fascist dictator uses tactics of terror and violence and holds expansionist foreign policy aims.[2] Thirdly as Passmore states all aspects of a fascist dictator's policies are suffused with ultranationalism.[3] Fourthly as Griffin states a fascist dictator must implement an authoritarian and totalitarian form of government.[4] These are the four key components of what makes a truly fascist dictator. It is clear that Franco shared some of these key
The holocaust.
The holocaust Anti-Semitism has been around for a long time. Hitler didn't invent it, he just took it to the extreme. He said that 'Germans and other northern European were 'Aryans' a superior race Jews were not considered Aryans they were inferior and could pose a threat to the uprising of the nazi party. Gypsies mental handicapped and homosexuals were also considered inferior. But the main threads were the Jews. No people had ever suffered like the jews did In ww11 during this period of six years six million Jews were killed and a million of them were children. Jews were killed on average of 1 every 30 seconds. The Jews suffered not because they were a threat to any one but simply because they were Jewish and because they were Jews they were categorised as inferior. Hitler said that they Jews threatened every thing that threatened the future of the 'master race' There were quite a few Jews that held high positions in Germany but Hitler claimed that they were uncommitted and were more concerned with their religion. Holocaust means 'total destruction by fire'. Over 30,000 Jews were sent to concentration camp the worst of these were auschwitzin Germany and sobibor in Poland. Many of the inmates of the camps were used for medical experiments. Often without anaesthetics. Most of the inmates died, however an elite few did manage to escape. The holocaust was mass destruction,
The Holocaust
Jenny Neal World Religions Period 4 2/9/02 The Holocaust The Holocaust, which took place during World War II, was the state-sponsored killing of six million Jews, half of those being children and teenagers, by the Nazi regime. If you had a distantly related Jewish family member, you were considered a Jew, and therefore you must be killed. Before beginning the war in 1939, the Nazis established concentration camps to imprison Jews, other victims of ethnic and racial hatred, and political opponents of Nazism. During the war years, the Nazis and their collaborators created ghettos, transit camps, and forced-labor camps. It was no secret that Hitler had talked since the early 20's, in his book Mein Kampf, about the "Jewish question." He fed on the centuries old anti-Semitism in Europe. The Jews were the killers of Jesus, it was thought, and they practiced blood rituals that involve the sacrifice of Christian children. The Jews were the greedy parasites who lived outside the Christian body, but fed on it by their immoral business practices. In Hitler's modern variety, Jews were responsible for the disease of communism and had "stabbed Germany in the back" during WWI and the Versailles treaty. The "Jewish question" was how to get rid of them, how to cleanse Germany of this "vermin." He promised he would achieve racial purity in a greater Germany once he had power and Germans
The Holocaust
The Holocaust During the Holocaust, millions of people fled into hiding, were forced into concentration camps and ghettos, and many were killed all because they were considered "inferior" to Germans. Hitler and the Nazi Regime took it into their owns hands to create a "superior race" by killing, torturing, and exterminating not only Jewish people, but also Gypsies, Polish, Slavs and those who had mental or physical disabilities (Florida Center for Instructional Technology, 2005). The Nazis also targeted people not only for who they were but for what they did including "Jehovah's witnesses, homosexuals, the dissenting clergy, Communists, Socialists, asocials, and other political enemies" (Florida Center for Instructional Technology, 2005). During the holocaust, 11 million humans were killed by the Nazis but of the few who survived their experiences as well as written documents recovered from the time of the Holocaust are the greatest key to understanding the horrific crimes that were committed against humanity during that time. Those who were lucky enough to escape the ordeals of being carted to labor and concentration camps were still unlucky for they had to find ways to hide so they were not killed by Nazi soldiers. There were many struggles and difficult obstacles for those who went into hiding. They had to first find a place to hide. Many dug small caves under their
The partition of India
The partition of India The British were in India from the early 17th century to the mid 20th century. Britain set itself into India due the East India Company, established on 31st December 1600 by Queen Elizabeth I, which was the beginning of a new era of trading. During the 17th century EIC built and established themselves within four cities in India they were Surat, Mumbai, Madras and Calcutta. Over the years the EIC became a monopoly for trading and became well reputable when it took over India. In this essay I am going to look at the reasoning for why India was partitioned and also look at the conflicts and aftermath due to the partitioning of India. The foundation of the separation of India came from the continuous hatred between Muslims and Hindus and Sikhs. 'Serious riots erupted between Hindus and Muslims around Patna in Bihar, in eastern India. These 1893 disorders, which led to Muslim deaths' (Stein 1998) These riots were 8 years after the first meeting of the Congress 1885. The reasoning behind this was due to Hindus saving Cows from Muslim slaughter houses. Another attributes of why India became separated in 1947 was due to the discontent in many states such as Punjab and Bengal. 'Another reason for the growth of swadeshi sentiment among Punjabis was the increasing tension between Muslims (who were half the population in that province) and both Hindus
Why was it Important that the Gallipoli Campaign should succeed?
Why was it Important that the Gallipoli Campaign should succeed? Gallipoli is in Turkey, near the Dardanelle's. The Peninsula of Gallipoli lays in Turkey, which forms one side of the Dardanelles Straits, which is only about 45 miles long, its historic waterway links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea. The campaign was started on March 18th 1915. It was started to try and knock Turkey out of the war, because they had just signed an agreement with Germany and were now attacking Russia. As well as those reasons there were many more which made it important for the campaign to succeed. Firstly I will look at the strategic value of turkey, at Gallipoli. First of all Britain felt that Turkey needed to be knocked out of the war. As this would encourage Balkan countries around them to support us. Their help was much needed, as it would mean another front could be opened up in Austria-Hungary and it would put Germany under a huge amount of pressure, as they would now be fighting on three fronts. Also England was worried that Turkey would threaten our colonies such as India. Not just as a threat of them taking them over but it would show them that Britain could be defeated and that they could break away from our empire. There were many ways that Britain thought of knocking Turkey out of the war, however the one they used as one of their main aims was to invade Constantinople and destroy
Why was it important that the Gallipoli campaign should succeed?
Why was it important that the Gallipoli campaign should succeed? The Gallipoli campaign was thought to be a much need breakthrough for the Allies at the time when on the western front was stuck in stalemate with many casualties and little progress being made it was thought that the allies could open up a new line of attack on the central powers and kill any threat from Turkey. The allies' thought that Turkey was the weakest link of the central powers so would be the easiest to topple. As Lloyd George said they were the 'props under Germany' but later found to be false. The Gallipoli campaign was a much needed was a much needed breakthrough for the allies as the Russians who were fighting already on the eastern front were short on supplies and suffering great loses. Without the Russians fighting in the east the allies would face a greater chance of lose in the west as all of the central powers forces could be directed in the west, which would put even more pressure on the slowly diminishing allied forces. The allies hoped that with success in Gallipoli would open up an all year round much need shipping route to Russia as the only other route was in the north and would freeze for much of the winter and cut off Russia from supplies. Therefore the route through the Dardanelles was needed to be open to the allies to send Russia much needed supplies are avoid the collapse of