What were the main aims of the 'Great Society' and how much did it achieve and where did it fail?
What were the main aims of the 'Great Society' and how much did it achieve and where did it fail? Lyndon Johnson was primarily interested in carrying out the wishes of the late president, Kennedy, and only once these ideas were completed would Johnson start his plans for the 'Great Society'. In Lyndon Johnson legendary speech he mentioned that he was not simply the president of the middle class and of the rich but of all the citizens of America. The general idea of the 'Great Society' was to improve the lives of the average citizen and to ensure that the underprivileged were given essential but expensive facilities that they could not usually pay for. He wanted to form a sense of 'community' between classes and groups (this included different races) and to bridge the gap between classes in a financial sense so that the lower classes were not left behind in the new developments. Between 1964 and 1967 more than 100 acts were passed on issues ranging from education to pollution. Predominantly the laws that were passed were directed at the lower classes or to help them in a roundabout way. Johnson addressed the issue of the poor education system rigorously and in one year alone 60 acts were passed for example; the Higher Education Facilities Act which offered college students loans and scholarships and the Secondary and Elementary Education Act which brought the first available
Deviant Behaviour
Deviant Behaviour The date was May 23, 1999. While driving down a rough, windy, and wet road in the early morning hours, Jane's vehicle slid completely out of control. Jane's vehicle plummeted over the mountain flipping several times and finally stopped when it struck a tree. Jane died on contact. It was mere hours before another motorist saw the bright light over the mountain and heard the constant sounding of the horn. The unidentified motorist quickly called the police and they came, investigated and cleaned up the accident scene. The police had Jane's body sent to their morgue, for the family to identify. After identifying Jane as their daughter, the Henderson family had a local funeral home arrange the post death activities. The police released Jane's body to the funeral home. At the funeral home, all regular activities were expected. However, instead of quickly taking care of the body, one of the mortuary attendants working there found Jane attractive and performed sexual acts to her deceased body. Specifically the male attendant participated in oral stimulation of Jane's breasts as well as vaginal penetration with Jane. The family, police, or other mortuary attendants knew none of this. This poses a great question. Are the events that took place immoral and deviant? It is my position to try to answer these questions. Before we can answer these questions logically and
To what extent is the following observation of E Durie on traditional Maori Society still pertinent to contemporary legal issues……"Political power was vested at the basic community level, power flowed from the people up, and not from the top dow
To what extent is the following observation of E Durie on traditional Maori Society still pertinent to contemporary legal issues......"Political power was vested at the basic community level, power flowed from the people up, and not from the top down. Control from a centralized or super-ordinate authority was antithetical to the Maori system". Justice Duries' statement in regards to the de-centralised authority of traditional Maori society is still highly pertinent to contemporary legal issues. The most pressing contemporary issue in regards to traditional Maori authority is the difficulty in not being able to deal with a centralized authority in regards to Treaty Settlement claims. The Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975 states that "any maori" or group of maori who consider they were prejudicially affected, or are likely to be so, by any act of commission or omission by the Crown, in breach of the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi can lodge a claim with the WT. The broadness of the words "any maori" creates an area of contention for the settlement of treaty claims. Historical injury has predominantly been towards Maori who owned lands as members of a tribal unit. Also the protests over the past 150 years has been conducted on a trib or regional basis. Because "any maori" can bring a claim, and number of unrelated or even competing claims can arise from any tribal area,
Short Answers On Political Processes.
ASSIGNMENT 4: SHORT ANSWERS ON POLITICAL PROCESSES QUESTION ONE "The first stage that a government policy will go through before becoming an act of parliament is the green paper, this is a consultation paper published by the government in advance of any proposed legislation. Its purpose is to gauge the reaction to any proposed legislation and allow individuals, organisations and community group's time to comment, for example the Social Security Act (1988). From this comes the white paper; the government publishes this after the consultation period has elapsed. It takes on board and includes in the document any comments that the government feels adds value to the legislation e.g. Local Government Act (1988). Then there is the first reading; the bill first comes to the notice of MP's and to the Public Information Office when the Daily Order Paper contains the Notice of Presentation of Bill. The clerk reads the title and a day is named by the Minister for the Second Reading. At the Second Reading, the House considers the principle of the Bill and the debate is often wide-ranging. The debate on Second Reading is printed in Hansard, the Official Report of Debates. The next stage in the career of the Bill is called the Committee, which involves clause-by-clause consideration of the measure. The committee may generally amend the Bill...and now the minister may move
Biology assignment - In Vitro Fertilization. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), is the procedure whereby human babies are conceived, not in the womb but in a test tube or a Petri dish
Biology assignment - In Vitro Fertilization. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), is the procedure whereby human babies are conceived, not in the womb but in a test tube or a Petri dish. This procedure has become one of the greatest developments in the world of medical technology. In Vitro Fertilization has given infertile couples the chance to conceive and bear a child from a full term of pregnancy. Without this procedure, their infertility would render them childless. There are many aspects of the IVF program that have been both praised and criticized. The legal, ethical and social repercussions of the IVF program have created great debate and controversy. This essay will demonstrate the procedures used in the IVF program and set out the arguments for and against it. There are many reasons why couples cannot conceive or bear a child for a full term of pregnancy. The process of natural fertilization can only be achieved if the male and female reproductive organs are functioning without any abnormalities. The reproduction process begins with the male producing sperm in the testes and the female producing an egg in the ovaries. Once every 28 days or so, an egg matures in the ovary, bursts from its follicle and enters the Fallopian tube. Once sexual intercourse has taken place, millions of sperm released from the penis swim up the vagina, through the uterus and into the
Women Rights.
Women Rights Domestic and child care responsibilities mean women are dramatically excluded from jobs that command high salaries, that mean power and visible decision making in management, the professions and politics. Meanwhile the work that women do in the home is unpaid and invisible contributing to the low status of women. It is clear then, that within the international dimension, feminist writers attack the purported universality of human rights. The universal pretensions hide the fact that human rights discourse has been traditionally male dominated. It is interesting to note that the cultural relativistic critiques of international human rights instruments also undermine the claim to universality. Many non Western scholars note that the standards in international rights law reflect a specific moral philosophy which is not consistent with many non Western value systems. However, advocates of cultural relativism have presumed that all members of society will benefit equally from society and generally overlook the issue of gender oppression in human rights discourse. On the other hand, the prevailing tendency in writing on women's international human rights is to strongly oppose cultural relativism. Feminists fear that challenging the cultural unity of women's experience will only prolong the recognition of the need to prioritise the concerns of women at an
"The classical principle of parliamentary sovereignty has been radically altered as a result of the European Communities Act 1972 and the Human Rights Act 1998." DISCUSS
"The classical principle of parliamentary sovereignty has been radically altered as a result of the European Communities Act 1972 and the Human Rights Act 1998." DISCUSS The concept of parliamentary sovereignty means that Parliament is the supreme legal authority in the UK. In many countries, for example, the USA; the legislature is limited by the Constitution in the laws it can or cannot make. The U.S. Supreme Court can declare laws passed by the legislature to be unconstitutional and therefore invalid. The traditional view in the UK however, is that Parliament is not subject to any legal limitation and that the UK courts have no power to declare laws duly passed by Parliament invalid. This is largely accountable to the fact that there is no overriding written constitution against which the validity of the parliament's enactments may be tested. Legislative supremacy means that the Queen in Parliament has unlimited power to enact laws. Any different approaches have arisen on the notion of parliamentary sovereignty, but the most influential comes from A.V Dicey. According to Dicey there is no limit to the legislative competence of Parliament; it is absolutely sovereign at its time and may legislate as it wishes on any topic, and for any place1. Perhaps the most striking example of what parliamentary supremacy can mean is illustrated in the fact that the Westminster
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Case note on - Percy v Director of Pubic Prosecution [1995] 3 All ER 124 - Facts and Background of The Case
Case note on: Percy v Director of Pubic Prosecution [1995] 3 All ER 124. Facts and Background of The Case This case arises out of the protest made by Lindis Percy at RAF Feltwell Norfolk, on 16th December 2000. Ms Percy protested at this base against the Star Wars Programme; as part of the protest Ms Percy defaced an American Flag. A Ministry of Defence Police Officer arrested her for obstruction of the highway. Ms Percy was subsequently charged under s.31of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, this charge however was discontinued. An offence under s.5 of the Public Order Act 1986 was brought against Ms Percy in addition to the change of obstructing the highway. At a Norfolk Magistrates Court District Judge Mr Patrick Heley found Ms Percy guilty of the above charges. The reasoning behind this verdict has been suggested to be in accordance with Lord Dennings dicta, which equated any disruption or obstruction of a worker with breach of the peace.1 It is the conviction and sentence of the Public Order Offence that Ms Percy is appealing against in the divisional Court by way of 'Case Stated'. The divisional Court upheld the appeal: This is their judgment. Summary of the Judgment Much of this judgment is taken up with an overview of Breach of the Peace and a discussion of the Human Rights Act. Within the overview of Breach of the Peace a key point to include is a threat of
Parliamentary supremacy has had its day.
The origins of Parliamentary Supremacy are found in the 17th century, in particular the enactment of The Bill of Rights, 1689. This is, according to Dicey "the very keystone of the law of the constitution."1 Prior to this it was within a courts jurisdiction to challenge the validity of an Act of parliament, such as in Dr Bonham's case, 1610.2 Therefore it would appear that any subsequent upset of this well-established doctrine would prove to be extremely damaging. The occurrence of Parliamentary supremacy is largely due to the lack of a written constitution in the United Kingdom, as written constitutions provide certain entrenchments (such as in the case of Germany) regarding limitations of scope for creating legislation. European community law, by virtue of the European Communities Act 1972, now has direct applicability in the United Kingdom. Subsequently, where there is any conflict between an Act of parliament and community law, the later takes precedence. In other words, Parliament is no longer the sovereign law making authority; it must instead adhere to Community law, in theory forfeiting its sovereignty. However due to the courts only enforcing Acts of parliament, not treaties such as the Treaty of Rome, it can be argued that by parliament retaining the power to repeal any Act that has not been entrenched, it could repeal the 1972 Act, effectively withdrawing itself
Does rule-utilitarianism avoid the problems of act-utilitarianism?
Charis Kaps- Moral Philosophy Does rule-utilitarianism avoid the problems of act-utilitarianism? To begin exploring the issues of act and rule utilitarianism, their practicality and problems posed through their application in modern society, I shall first give an account of the two schools. To begin with, we shall look at act-utilitarianism, as it is the form which best fits Mill's account of utilitarian principles, applied rigorously and concisely to everyday situations. Act utilitarianism is the view that the 'rightness' or 'wrongness' (the amount of pleasure/pain it causes) of an action should be decided upon the consequences of that specific action. That is to say each situation must be evaluated separately, taking all things into account, for the right action to be decided upon. Rule-utilitarianism is the principle that universal rules should be adhered to by everyone, which actions, generally, provide the best consequences for the most people. This principle is generally more negative in that its function is to prohibit, not prescribe as is the case with act utilitarianism. There are two recognised sub-varieties of rule-utilitarianism according to whether one construes 'rule' as 'actual rule' or 'possible rule'1. The latter is in accordance with Kant's 2principle 'Act only on that maxim through which at the same time will that it should become a universal law';