Marian is a 37 year old female who appears to be from a middle class background. Marian is currently married (for 17 years) and she and her husband have two daughters aged 9 years and 11 years. I conducted a phone assessment with Marian two weeks earli...
Marian is a 37 year old female who appears to be from a middle class background. Marian is currently married (for 17 years) and she and her husband have two daughters aged 9 years and 11 years. I conducted a phone assessment with Marian two weeks earlier and also spoke with her older sister prior to Marian's arrival at Logan House. At that time I had no idea that I would ask Marian to participate in my assignment however due to the failure of an earlier attempt I approached senior staff at Logan House for their permission. I had been assigned as Marion's counselor for the duration of her stay at Logan House and I sought Marian's permission 2 hours prior to her first counseling session. GHSP 7118 (Counseling for Alcohol and Drug Problems) Process Record Interview Skill Process Analysis Counselor: OK, so this is your first day. Preamble to counseling session. Closed question The purpose of this question was to help me get into Marian's frame of reference in relation to how she was coping since her arrival at Logan House. Client It certainly is. Counselor How's it been? Open-ended question An open friendly invitation to raise whatever concerns she may have wanted to talk about as well as conveying to my client that I was interested in her well-being. Client It's been great (Co: yeah). It was pretty daunting when I first arrived yesterday. Ah, I mean because I
Investigating the grammatical features of a child(TM)s language and influences in a three year longitudinal study
Introduction Investigating the grammatical features of a child's language and influences in a three year longitudinal study The topic under investigation is child language acquisition. I plan to use home videos of myself at the ages of three through to five, studying the linguistic features of my spoken language. I am interested in seeing how my language developed throughout this time; beginning at playschool and ending in having started school. Carrying out a longitudinal study will be beneficial when researching language development, as it will give the opportunity to demonstrate how a child's language improves and develops over time; any mistakes that become inevitably rectified, and how the language develops from simple sentences, to complex structures. I am also interested in looking at child directed speech; that is, how others direct their speech at a child. According to Frank Myszor in his book 'Language Acquisition,' there are three purposes of child directed speech and thirteen methods that can be used to demonstrate these purposes. Part of my study will involve looking at how a caregiver (i.e. parent) and sibling affect and/or influence the way a young child uses language themselves. Will I copy my brother/mother/father? Will I react to what they say to me? Will my language become dependent on their languages choices? The source of the idea for this piece of work
Social Capita
Social Capita Sociologist Pierre Bourdieu viewed social capital alongside other forms of 'capital': economic capital, cultural capital, linguistic capital, symbolic capital and so on. Cultural capital refers to the 'tastes' and preferences people have, the sorts of books and art forms that they have access to, their qualifications and so on. In the context of social class analysis, Bourdieu argued that schools appear to treat everyone equally, but in practice they are built on the cultural capital of middle class groups, and thus discriminate against students who do not have this particular cultural capital. Students with the same cultural capital as the school and its 'academic curriculum' tend to fit the cultural assumptions and demands of schooling, including the preferred language forms. For these students, there is usually some continuity between school and home. For students whose cultural capital is different - is not that of the middle class 'mainstream' - school does not have the same ease. Without the assumed continuity between what is done at home and what is done at school, these students must strive to gain the capital that others bring with them. When these students fail at school, schools tend to view them as lacking ability. But Bourdieu argued that this is a 'misrecognition' and misreading of cultural differences (linked to material distinctions) as
Language and Identity
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER SCHOOL OF EDUCATION AND LIFELONG LEARNING Rachid Belaredj 570036539 Module EED D028 Discourse, Pedagogy and Identity Language identity issues: Exploring Samuel Huntington's views on language identity. Dr. Malcolm McDonald Submitted on 31st October, 2008, as part of the requirements for the Ed. D in TESOL 2007-8 Introduction Part A Huntington theoretical approach on the concept of civilization The clash of Civilizations Part B Huntington theoretical approach on the clash theory The Hispanic" nightmare" Huntington's conceptual approach to American identity Part C Beyond Huntington paradigm Huntington's view on language identity Huntington's potential influence on US politics Conclusion Appendices Appendix I - The clash of Civilization and the remaking of the world order. Samuel P, Huntington. Appendix II - The Hispanic challenge, Samuel P, Huntington Appendix III - Who we are? , Samuel P, Huntington. Bibliography Abstract The main purpose of this writing is to present a subset of literature on identity, cultural identity, and discuss language identity: How does ethnic identity manifest itself among Americans? Are there any correlations between language and identity? Does symbolic ethnicity prevail for ethnic minorities who are living in the USA as it has for Americans of European descents? This essay is a close reading
How do we learn language?
How do we learn language? Theoretical Research Paper about the different theories of language acquisition Introduction Language- it is one of the most important factors for our lives. Linguistics studies analyze every possible part that language itself offers or particular features that derives from it. "How is it that we can all open our mouths and speak, [...], without consciously thinking about the construction of the sentences we are using? And how is it that four-year-old children can apparently do the same thing?" (Cattell 2000: book cover) Most of the people nowadays do not invest time thinking about the origin of language. They do not wonder about how we acquire language. It is just there. We all use it. We start learning it automatically when we are born and as we grow older, we extend our vocabulary more and more. "Infants enter the world of language and of culture with a readiness to find or invent systematic ways of dealing with social requirements and linguistic forms." (Bruner 1983:28) Does first language acquisition really take place so easily? Are there any other factors that influence the first language acquisition of a child positively or negatively? Those questions will be dealt with after I have talked about language in general and where we use it. Moreover, I will have a close look at the three main theories about language acquisition: Noam
A sociolinguistic study on Singaporean teenagers use of language on Facebook a research on gender as a sociolinguistic variable in teenagers use of English through the social networking platform of Facebook
A sociolinguistic study on Singaporean teenagers' use of language on Facebook a research on gender as a sociolinguistic variable in teenagers' use of English through the social networking platform of Facebook By Team Members: Chow Keng Ji (Leader) Bryan Ang Wei-En Pethuel Ho For Expert mentor: A/P Vincent B Y Ooi, Department of English Language and Literature NUS For Teacher Mentor: Mr. Desmond Lim Raffles Institution Research Education 2011 ii. Acknowledgements Our group would like to thank our teacher mentor Mr Desmond Lim for his continuous guidance throughout the project. We would especially like to thank our expert mentor from NUS, Department of English Language and Literature, A/P Vincent B Y Ooi, for taking time off his schedule to help us and provide valuable insights on our research topic. iii. Abstract iv. Contents Title Page Acknowledgements ii Abstract iii Table of Contents iv Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................... 4 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 BACKGROUND READINGS..................................................... METHODOLOGY................................................................... 7 0 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 SURVEY RESULTS................................................................. OBSERVATION PASSAGE RESULTS ........................................ 3 21 Chapter
Bilingual Lexical and Conceptual Memory Representation
Bilingual Lexical and Conceptual Memory Representation: A Critical Review Abstract The major purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the asymmetry model (Kroll & Stewart, 1994) concerning whether word translation is based on a lexical level or is achieved through conceptual mediation. This model assumes that forward translation (from the first language to the second language) is mainly conceptually mediated, whereas backward translation (from the second language to the first language) is comprehended through direct lexical path. Variables that condition conceptual/semantic processing will therefore have a larger effect on forward than backward translation. This paper first describes the main features derived from the asymmetry model with an overview of various evidence-based sources. It then considers the generalizability of the model with a critical appraisal of controversial evidences due to different experimental paradigms and semantic variations. Further, it illustrates semantic variations in word translation process by comparing and contrasting performances of bilinguals in different orthographic systems, namely Chinese and English. Finally, the paper proposes other experimental paradigms for testing Chinese-English bilingual lexical and conceptual representations. Key words: word translation, lexical activation, conceptual mediation, bilingual memory
On 26 July 1847 Brigham Young and several others climbed to the top which he named "Ensign Peak,".
ENSIGN PEAK Lynn M. Hilton and Hope A. Hilton Utah History Encyclopedia Ensign Peak is the summit of a hill just north of downtown Salt Lake City (1.4 miles north of the Salt Lake temple); in fact, Salt Lake City was built exactly south of Ensign Peak. The peak rises 1,080 feet above the valley floor and stands out as a prominent geological formation evident from all directions. The summit is rounded, devoid of vegetation, and capped with a hard conglomerate stone formation. It is part of the foothills of the Wasatch Range. On 26 July 1847 Brigham Young and several others climbed to the top which he named "Ensign Peak," as he reported the event in his journal. They used the view from the summit to visually explore the entire valley. The significance of the name, according to the pioneers, comes from the biblical prophecy: "He will lift up an ensign unto the nations. . . . He lifteth up an ensign on the mountains." (Isa 5:26; 18:3). The pioneers did not erect the U.S. flag on the Peak on 26 July as widely reported, but they did plan to fly the "Standard of the Nations," an invitation for all nations to immigrate to Utah. The locating of the east side of the temple just south of this Peak comes from the statement of George A. Smith who explained that while still in Nauvoo, Illinois, Brigham Young "had a vision of Joseph Smith who showed him the mountain we now call
Making Paradise Now
INTRODUCTION A student at Eastern College had just graduated from college with a degree in education. She was headed out into the world and wondering where her future would lead her. She went and interviewed for a job as a teacher. This particular job was at a very good school and so was quite prestigious and had many good benefits as well. She didn't think that she would have a good chance of landing the job since there were over 300 applicants. But, amazingly, she was the one chosen out of all those applicants. Needless to say, she was ecstatic. She excitedly went and told one of her teachers, Tony Campolo, and asked him, "Aren't you proud of me?" "No." he said. Amazed she asked why he wasn't proud of her for getting the job instead of the 299 other applicants. He replied, "You are telling me that you are going to be doing a job for which there are over 299 other qualified people. Why would you want to be a teacher there when I can give you a job where if you don't become the teacher, there won't be a teacher?" She thought about that and decided not to accept the prestigious job for which she had been accepted. Instead she became a teacher at one of Campolo's schools in Haiti. His ideas of Christians being responsible to bring social justice wherever they see injustice has probably inspired me more than anything else to want to find ways that I can be of the
FÝNANSAL KÝRALAMA YETERÝNCE BÝLÝNMÝYOR.
Dis Ticaret Müstesarligi Dergisi - Nisan 2001 sayisinda yayimlanmistir. FINANSAL KIRALAMA YETERINCE BILINMIYOR Erkut ONURSAL Dis Ticaret Uzmani Çankaya Üniversitesi Ögretim Görevlisi Leasing kavrami, bir mala sahip olma yolundaki geleneksel düsüncenin, çagimiz ekonomik anlayisina uygun olarak degisimi sonucu ortaya çikmistir. Asirlar boyunca insanlar varliklarini devam ettirebilmek için mal edinmek yoluyla güçlü olmak zorunlulugunu hissetmisler, mülkiyetin zenginlige, zenginligin güce yol açtigina inanmislar ve dolayisiyla tüm gayretlerini daha çok mal edinmeye yönlendirmislerdir. Çagimizda, daha çok üretim daha fazla kar slogani ile hareket eden mütesebbisler artik mala sahip olma olgusunun yalniz basina yeterli olmadigina, üretim yoluyla kar elde etmenin daha geçerli olduguna inanmaktadirlar. Böylece, yillar önce Aristo'nun " zenginlik bir seye sahip olmaktan çok, onu kullanmakta yatar" düsüncesi, günümüzde dogrulanarak, "bir malin mülkiyeti degil, fakat kullanimi verim getirir" ilkesi biçiminde uygulama alanina aktarilmistir. Mülkiyet ile zenginlik arasindaki münasebetin zayiflamasi, belli üretim araçlarinin mülkiyetine sahip olmadan yalnizca bunlarin kullanim imkanlarina kavusabilme sayesinde üretim yapilabilecegi ve kar temin edilebilecegi, sonuçta zenginlige ulasilabilecegi anlamina gelmektedir. Isletmeler,