Instrument Calibration.
Instrument Calibration Introduction A new device that measures the concentration of fluorescence requires calibration. The device is calibrated using the calibration line, method of least square estimation can be used to estimate the parameters ? and ? and the validity of the estimates using measurement readings from observed data. The following are the measurements of fluorescence y, of a substance, A, in known concentrations x in ?g/m3, using the new device. Fluorescence (y) .0 8.0 6.0 24.0 32.0 38.0 Concentration (x) 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 0.0 Description of Data The fluorescence (y) of a substance, A and its concentration (x) has a linear relationship, where concentration (x) increases as fluorescence (y) of the substance increases. A linear model will be fitted to the observed data. The model is as follows: Straight-line regression . Fluorescence (y) is the dependent variable 2. Concentration (x) is called the regressor variable. 1, 2, ... , n here = e = Error ei is the error in the ith observation yi. Assumption on the errors . {ei} are mutually independent 2. E(ei) = 0 3. Var(ei) = ?2 We assume ei's are normal i.e. ei ~ N(0, ?2) 1, 2, ... , n Regression by Formula By using a mathematical method called the "Method of Least Squares" it is possible to find the values of ? and ? for in order to find a regression line. The least
Code model and the inferential model
Code model and the inferential model There are 2 different models of linguistic communication, the classic model, the code-model and the inferential model. Code model: The communicator encodes the message, by a signal, that the hearer than decodes. Sentences are just complex signals that encode messages. signals code messages The speaker selects the message and transmits the corresponding signal, which is received and decoded at the other end, when all goes well, the result of the reproduction in the receiver of the original message. On this approach, the communication is guaranteed as long as both individuals are functioning correctly, each has an identical copy of the code, and the signal is not destroyed. The code model exists in the nature, it is correct for animal communication. e.g.: bee dance, which used to indicate the direction and distance of nectar. Q: But how do human communicate? Example: Mary is angry with Peter and she doesn't want to talk to him. When he tries to engage her in conversation, she might: . stare ostentatiously at the ceiling. 2. open a newspaper and start to read it. 3. look angrily at Peter and clamp her mouth shut. 4. look angrily at Peter, put a finger to her lips and whisper `Shh`. 5. say `I m deaf and dumb`. 6. say `I won't talk to you`. * What do Mary's actions communicate to Peter? * Which, if any, of Mary's actions
In Anahulu, Sahlins argues that the Hawaiian people were not passive victims of their own history but rather the authors and that they played a significant role in the collapse of the ancient system of an all-powerful divine monarchy.
In Anahulu, Sahlins argues that the Hawaiian people were not passive victims of their own history but rather the authors and that they played a significant role in the collapse of the ancient system of an all-powerful divine monarchy. He emphasises that Hawaii did not simply capitulate and disregard their outlook on the universe when faced with the all-powerful western civilization. Rather Sahlins claims that the islands' ruling powers accommodated the western forces within their own mythology and where they might have visibly adopted western practices - for example the establishment of Christianity - this was only made possible by assimilating it with their traditional customs. In addition to this, the nature of the indigenous cosmology greatly amplified the effects of capitalism on the islands - an encouraged revelry in overt excess had a detrimental effect on both the inhabitants and the environment of the islands. The old order is constantly present throughout the seismic shifts in Hawaiian life that follow the appearance of the 'Haole' - not always explicitly, but as Sahlins states (p35) 'the O'ahu order was present as a structural condition. In order to fully comprehend the author's assertion, it is important to consider his theoretical background and place his work in an intellectual context. Sahlins is considered a neo-structuralist. Structuralism is an intellectual
This report is about the need to upgrade the new computer systems for our company.
There is a need to acquire a new computer system to bring substantial benefits to the company in the modern business arena. Report To: Members of the Board of directors Introduction This report is about the need to upgrade the new computer systems for our company. It also discusses the advantages and the disadvantages of both the old system which is currently used by our company and the new system available at present. The aim is to bring substantial benefits to the company by using a new computer system which supports multiprogramming and virtual memory. This is because quality of our products and services are very poor when compare to other companies which are using new computer systems such as Multiprogramming and Virtual Memory. There are several disadvantages and constraints appear in our current system. And also the current system is now nearly out of date and may fail to work properly. The maintenance cost is increasing and the quality of service which the system provides are decreasing. For these reasons it is time to analyze the current system and to introduce the new system very soon. The current system (Single User Batch System) The current system is using old technology called the batch system. It is used by several years all over the industrial countries and was very famous. Its growth brought many changes in the industrial world and human's
IP network design
Network Design Purpose 4 .1 Scope 4 .2 Target Audience 5 .3 Strategic Issues 5 .4 Summary of Responsibilities 6 .5 National Education Network 8 .6 Interoperability and Standards 8 2 Network Design 9 2.1 Transmission Technologies 9 2.2 IP Addressing 15 2.3 Network Address Translation 17 2.4 Wide Area Network Topologies 18 2.5 Routed or Switched Backbone 19 2.6 Schools' Local Network Considerations 20 2.7 Separation of Administrative and Teaching Traffic 22 2.8 Network Security 22 3 Router Management 23 3.1 Edge Equipment 23 3.2 Router Security Policies 23 3.3 Firewall Features 23 3.4 Remote Management 24 3.5 Interface to the National Interconnect 24 4 Provision of Network Services 24 4.1 Domain Name System (DNS) 25 4.2 E-Mail 28 4.3 Web Services 29 4.4 External Access 30 4.5 Location of Network Services 31 4.6 Disaster Recovery 31 5 Support Services 32 5.1 Technical Support 32 5.2 Network Monitoring 33 5.3 Information Dissemination and Staff Development 34 6 Advanced and Emerging Technologies 35 6.1 IPv6 35 6.2 IP Multicast 35 6.3 IP Quality of Service (QoS) 36 7 References 37 Appendix A: Network Topology Discussion 39 Appendix B: Glossary 44 Purpose School networks are complex and serve a rapidly developing set of educational requirements, some of which challenge the technology and its security, implemented within limited budgets.
What are the more important pull factors bringing people to Wheatley - location of the property within the village/location of the village within the environment OR the specific facilities of the property.
Geography Coursework - What are the more important pull factors bringing people to Wheatley - location of the property within the village/location of the village within the environment OR the specific facilities of the property Author: Chris Edson School: Abingdon School Candidate Number: 5054 Total Word Length: Programme Used: Microsoft Word 2002 and Microsoft Word 2001 Hardware Used: Amd Athlon, Home Computer/Apple i-Mac, School Computer Contents . Introduction .1 Background 1.1.2 Wheatley in the past 1.1.3 Wheatley today 1.2 Aims .3 Objectives .4 Hypotheses .5 Theory 2. Methodology 2.1 Primary data 2.1.1 Questionnaire 2.1.2 Other primary data 2.1.3 Secondary data 2.2 Scope 2.3 Limitations 2.3.1 Operator error 2.3.2 Technical 3. Data Presentation 4. Interpretation & Evaluation 5. Conclusion References Oxfordshire records office Centre for Oxfordshire Studies, Westgate Library Wheatley Archive group Oxfordshire County Council Planning Dept Land and Records - Highways Dept Landscape and Environment Dept Wheatley Newsletters ( July/August 2003) Wheatley Information booklet (2000) Wheatley Society - Jim Watson Glynn, P (1988) Fieldwork - firsthand Geography Coursework information booklet Centenary of the Merry Bells, Wheatley, 1888-1988 . Introduction .1 Background I am doing my project on the village where I
Systems Modelling and Simulation - Prey predator model. The goal of this experiment is to model the population dynamics of animals both predator and prey when they are present in an environment.
Systems Modelling and Simulation Assignment No 2 Predator Prey Model By Vishal Vora (roll no 32) Submitted in partial fulfilment of the course requirement to Prof. Girja Sharan & Mr. Bhavesh Dharmani Predator Prey Model Goal: The goal of this experiment is to model the population dynamics of animals both predator and prey when they are present in an environment. Description: . Initially at time t=0, the population of prey is some value say x0 and that of predator is y0 2. Prey eats vegetarian food and predator eats prey 3. If there are no predators, the population of preys will grow exponentially over time and will be growing at the rate of the difference of the birth and death rate. 4. If there are predators, the population of prey will decrease to the extent they interact and the predator is successful in hunting the prey (Alpha) 5. The population of the predator is dependent on the growth rate of the predator due to prey availability (Beta) and the death rate of the predator. Assumptions: . The forest is large and the preys are born and die continuously. 2. There is no shortage of food. At time t, the prey population is x. After time t+?t, the prey population is given by : x+ no of prey born in time ?t- no of natural prey deaths in time ?t. The rate of growth during interval ?t is : (x +?x-x)/(t+?t-t) Taking lim ?x/?t= dx/dt. ?t-->0
Ethics and professionalism in computing - examples from Facebook and Google
Ethics and Professionalism in Computing DC201 Facebook and Google Name: Gaffar Rahmadi Achda 2012 Table of Contents Content Abstrak.............................................................................................. 3 Introduction...................................................................................... 3 Property............................................................................................ 3 Privacy............................................................................................... 4 Anonymity........................................................................................ 5 Liability.............................................................................................. 7 Security.............................................................................................. 8 Regulation......................................................................................... 9 Access and equity............................................................................ 11 Conclusion......................................................................................... 11 References........................................................................................ 12 ABSTRACT All organization who work with computers have to create system and codes of conduct that ensure, as much as possible,
Natural Phonological Processes
Natural Phonological Processes In examining M's system it is noticeable that there are processes being used to simplify the adults target. M shows features of processes found in younger children undergoing normal development that are called natural processes. Gliding The liquid sounds in English are /l/ and /?/ which M simplifies. The data indicates that M is simplifying these sounds by replacing them with a glide. The glide predominately used for this substitution is /w/, where both/l/ and /?/ are replaced in word initial position. /livz/›[wiv] /?ed/›[wed] /?/›[w] is the most common in children's development of approximants and is a process that is normally suppressed at 4;06 but may still be evident at 5;00 or even later with some immature speakers. Cluster Reduction This is a process common in early childhood but one that should die out around 4;0 for obstruents and approximants. M is using cluster reduction in both WI and word final position. He is at a later stage of the process for clusters in WI position as there is use of the cluster with substitution of one member. /blu/›[bwu] /st??i/›[ft?ri] In WF position M shows signs of early use of the process as there is reduction of the cluster to one member. /bend/›[ben] /sw?nz/›[fw?n] This also evident with clusters in word medial positon which are reduced to one member or are
Build your own PC
KINGSTON UNIVERSITY Faculty of Computing, Information Systems and Mathematics CI 1182 - Information and Communications Technology Assignment 1 BUILD YOUR OWN PC Anum Qudsia K0913234 Issue 7: 26th February 2010 Part 1 Detailed list of all the components needed for the PC: Hardware Case with PSU (Power Supply Unit) - Best Value 4672 Black Case 450W - Manufacturer: Best Value - Model: CIT-450 - Motherboard Form Factor: ATX/Micro ATX - Case Form Factor: Mid Tower - PSU: 450W with 24 Pin & SATA Motherboard - Executive DQ43AP Desktop Board - Manufacturer: Intel Corporation - Model: DQ43AP - Form Factor: Micro ATX (9.60 inches x 9.60 inches) - Compatible Processors: - Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo, Pentium, Celeron, Pentium Dual-core, Celeron Dual-Core, Xeon Dual-Core * Processor Socket: LGA775 - Chipset Model: Q43 Express - Front Side Bus Speed: 1333 MHz - Supported Memory Technology: DDR2 SDRAM * Max. Memory Capacity: 8 GB * Number of memory slots: 2 x 240 Pin Dimm - On Board Graphic Processor: Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 4500 - Audio system: Realtek ALC662 * Audio - Storage Controller Type(s): Serial ATA II x 3 - Number of SATA Interfaces: 3 - Ethernet LAN (RJ-45) ports quantity: 1 - Front Panel Interfaces 1 x Power LED x HDD LED x On/Off Switch x Reset Switch 2 x USB Header x COM1 x Chassis Intrusion Switch x S/PDIF x Speaker x