Problems in requirements modelling
. Introduction 5 .1 Project Aim 5 .2 Project Hypothesis 5 .3 Project Objective 6 .4 Research Approach 6 .5 Dissertation Structure 6 2. Software Engineering 8 2.1 Purpose of Software Engineering 8 2.2 Motivation for Software Engineering 9 2.3 The beginning 10 2.4 The different stages in software engineering 11 2.4.1 Requirements specification 12 2.4.2 Design and implementation 12 2.4.3 Testing, validation and verification 13 2.5 Summary 14 3. Methodologies, Tools and Techniques 15 3.1 Overview 15 3.2. Rapid Application Development 16 3.2.1 History of RAD 17 3.2.2 Advantage of RAD 17 3.2.3 Disadvantages of RAD 17 3.3 Multiview 17 3.3.1 Five stages in Multiview 17 3.4 Soft System Methodology 19 3.4.1 Stages in SSM 19 3.4.2 Advantage of SSM 19 3.5 SSADM Structured Systems Analysis And Design Method 20 3.5.1 History of SSADM 20 3.5.3 Disadvantage of SSM 21 3.6 Object Orientated 21 3.6.1 Object Orientated Methods 22 Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA) (Coad90), (Coad91) 23 3.6.3 Notation 24 3.6.5 Advantage of O-O 25 3.6.6 Disadvantages of O-O 25 3.7 The Jackson Structured Design(JSD)(Jack83) 25 3.7.1 The JSD steps 25 3.7.2 Advantage of JSD 25 3.7.3 Disadvantage of JSD 26 3.8 Semiotics 26 3.8.1 Semiotics Framework 26 3.8.2 Normbase - Ontological Charting Tool: Prototype Version 30 3.8.3 Advantages of Semiotics 30 3.8.4 Disadvantages of
Security in a computing world.
ABSTRACT Security is big issue in a computing world and more professionals and business and government seeking for further security to safeguard and protect their secret and critical data from falling into evil hands. Now people are security concerned as we have seen lot of cracking of computer, exploiting of program in past decade. Confidentiality, Integrity and Authentication are the top priority in security world. My aim in this thesis is to show how an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be handy in detection of network and computer attacks. Intrusion Detection System detects the attacks, notifies and logs the attack for later review. To stop the attack it is necessary to know what type of attack has been done against us and then stopping it from happening. By analyzing IDS architecture and techniques to know what would be a best option for a particular network. To show how intrusion could be detected I'll use snort as my IDS. INTRODUCTION An attack is defined as "an assault on system security that derives from an intelligent threat, i.e., an intelligent act that is a deliberate attempt (especially in the sense of a method or technique) to evade security services and violate the security policy of a system". [65] When people made the computer they never thought about the security, the threats that could bring your computer perhaps whole network can come down
Cache-Enhanced Dynamic Movement-Based Location Management Schemes for 3G Cellular Networks.
Cache-Enhanced Dynamic Movement-Based Location Management Schemes for 3G Cellular Networks A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University, 2003 by Krishna Priya Patury Committee: ____________________________________ Dr. Yi Pan, Chair ____________________________________ Dr. Anu Bourgeois, Member ____________________________________ Dr. Alex Zelikovsky, Member ____________________________________ Date ____________________________________ Dr. Martin D. Fraser Department Chair Abstract Keeping track of mobile terminals moving from one place to another has been and will always be one of the key issues in mobile communication, be it cellular or Personal Communications Service. Location management involves two major kinds of operations: Location update- by which the system keeps track of the location of the mobile terminals that are not in conversation and Paging which is a search process by which the system searches for the Mobile Terminal by sending polling signals to cells in the paging area (which may include one or more cells). To perform either of these operations would incur a significant amount of cost, which should be minimized in the systems. Many mobility management schemes have been proposed as of now for 2-tier Cellular/PCS networks but none
The purpose of this project is to discuss the issues associated with the deployment of a secure, WAP-based, transactional banking system, and to build a solution with these issues in mind.
ABSCTRACT The purpose of this project is to discuss the issues associated with the deployment of a secure, WAP-based, transactional banking system, and to build a solution with these issues in mind. There are many pitfalls and problems that have to be overcome when developing a m-commerce solution, ranging from security to providing support for the multitude of WAP-enabled devices that are currently on the market. The problems of linking into an existing back-end infrastructure also need to be met. This paper will compare and contrast available technologies that could be used to solve each of these issues, and justify the technologies that were finally chosen. The goal of this project is to develop a combined retail banking application that was to be delivered multiple channels, including WAP devices. The information has to be retrieved from existing back-end systems on a combination of different platforms. In the following section a detailed description of what WAP and wireless technology is will be enlightened. TABLE OF CONTENTS WAP 8 .1 THE USEFULNESS OF WAP 8 .2 ENCOURAGE AND FOSTER MARKET DEVELOPMENT 9 .3 WAP 2.0: BRINGING WIRELESS CLOSER TO THE INTERNET 13 .4 WHAT IS NEW: WAP 2.0 IS AN EVOLUTIONARY STEP FORWARD 14 .5 ALIGNMENT WITH NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND STANDARDS 15 .6 WAP 2.0 COMPONENTS: APPLICATION SUPPORT, PROTOCOL STACK AND MORE 17 .6.1 Wireless Application
Requirements Investigation for an Interface for Csound
Requirements Investigation for an Interface for Csound Yuhua Guo City University, London Northampton Square London EC1V 0HB [email protected] Abstract: Csound has been around for more than 20 years and is today's standard digital sound processing program which provides powerful functions for digital sound synthesis. Csound enables people to make music with just a personal computer. Developed originally as a command line driven program by Barry Vercoe, Csound, however, lacks the use interface capability that is needed for most of today's personal computers and this makes it difficult to use for many ordinary composers. The difficulty of using Csound lies in the manual creation of its score and orchestra files which involves the use of many parameters. This project aims to investigate the compositional process of music and gather a set of user requirements for developing a user interface for Csound. The interface will help composers to use Csound more easily. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 2. RESEARCH CONTEXT 5 2.1 THE PRINCIPLES OF SOUND 5 2.1.1 THE HUMAN EAR 5 2.1.2 Fundamental concepts in sound and music 5 2.2 THE HISTORY OF COMPUTER MUSIC 6 2.3 MUSICAL SIGNAL SYNTHESIS 8 2.3.1 Direct synthesis algorithms 10 2.3.2 Physical Modeling Synthesis 13 2.3.3 Synthesis control signals 14 2.3.4 Musical notation and interface 16 2.4 Musical Processing Programs
Analyze Asian Point Quests' facility to gain knowledge on its operation.
Introduction Asian Point Quest dotcom Sdn. Bhd. was incorporated to provide system solutions, emphasizing the country's MSC Initiatives, with a dedicated team focusing on solution development and multimedia application initiatives. APQ's main business objective is to focus on solutions for Enterprise Environments where security, high availability, complex systems management as well as business continuity planning are concerns for CEOs and CIOs. We make it our business to assist and ease organization tasks to manage, understand and use the business information systems. Our team has extensive experience in developing Management Information and Business Intelligence Systems as well as Data Warehousing with the latest OLAP/DSS architecture technologies from Microsoft, IBM etc. In line with our objective to be 'The One-Stop Solution Provider and Consultant' for enterprise and e-commerce requirements, our services include networking infrastructure, hardware, application software as well as Internet/ Intranet solutions. Statement of Purpose The main purpose of this report is to analyze a real-life data facility to gain knowledge on its operation. We visited the data facility centre in the Technical Support department of Asian Point Quest Sdn. Bhd . To get a better understanding of the functions and operation of the data facility, we spoke to the department's manager
IP network design
Network Design Purpose 4 .1 Scope 4 .2 Target Audience 5 .3 Strategic Issues 5 .4 Summary of Responsibilities 6 .5 National Education Network 8 .6 Interoperability and Standards 8 2 Network Design 9 2.1 Transmission Technologies 9 2.2 IP Addressing 15 2.3 Network Address Translation 17 2.4 Wide Area Network Topologies 18 2.5 Routed or Switched Backbone 19 2.6 Schools' Local Network Considerations 20 2.7 Separation of Administrative and Teaching Traffic 22 2.8 Network Security 22 3 Router Management 23 3.1 Edge Equipment 23 3.2 Router Security Policies 23 3.3 Firewall Features 23 3.4 Remote Management 24 3.5 Interface to the National Interconnect 24 4 Provision of Network Services 24 4.1 Domain Name System (DNS) 25 4.2 E-Mail 28 4.3 Web Services 29 4.4 External Access 30 4.5 Location of Network Services 31 4.6 Disaster Recovery 31 5 Support Services 32 5.1 Technical Support 32 5.2 Network Monitoring 33 5.3 Information Dissemination and Staff Development 34 6 Advanced and Emerging Technologies 35 6.1 IPv6 35 6.2 IP Multicast 35 6.3 IP Quality of Service (QoS) 36 7 References 37 Appendix A: Network Topology Discussion 39 Appendix B: Glossary 44 Purpose School networks are complex and serve a rapidly developing set of educational requirements, some of which challenge the technology and its security, implemented within limited budgets.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology is rapidly becoming a crucial component of computer networks and has developed extremely during the past few years.
CONTENTS ABSTRACT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii . INTRODUCTION 3 .1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 3 .2 REPORT STRUCTURE 4 2. METHODOLOGY 6 2.1 BACKGROUND 6 2.2 LITERATURE SEARCH 6 2.3 VISITING PORTSMOUTH UNIVERSITY 6 2.4 WIRELESS LAN PROTOTYPE 7 2.4.1 EVALUATION AND TESTING 7 2.4.2 ANALYSING THE TEST RESULTS 7 3. WIRELESS NETWORKING 8 3.1 WHAT IS WIRELESS NETWORKING? 8 3.2 WHY WIRELESS? 8 3.3 WIRELESS LAN TECHNOLOGIES 9 3.3.1 IEEE 802.11 9 3.3.2 HIPERLAN 10 3.3.3 HOMERF SWAP 11 3.3.4 BLUETOOTH 11 3.4 SPREAD SPECTRUM TECHNOLOGY 11 3.4.1 UNDERSTANDING SPREAD SPECTRUM 11 3.4.2 FHSS VS. DSSS 12 4. THE IEEE 802.11 WIRELESS STANDARD 14 4.1 BENEFITS OF THE 802.11 STANDARD 14 4.2 IEEE 802.11 TOPOLOGY 14 4.3 ROAMING 15 4.4 IEEE 802.11 LOGICAL ARCHITECTURE 16 4.5 IEEE 802.11 PHYSICAL LAYERS 17 4.6 IEEE 802.11 DATA LINK LAYER (LLC AND MAC) 17 4.6.1 LOGICAL LINK CONTROL (LLC) 17 4.6.2 MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL (MAC) 18 4.7 ACCESSING THE WIRELESS MEDIUM 18 4.7.1 CSMA/CA 19 4.7.2 THE HIDDEN NODE PROBLEM 20 4.8 JOINING A NETWORK 20 4.8.1 STATION SYNCHRONIZATION 20 4.8.2 PASSIVE AND ACTIVE SCANNING 21 4.9 PROVIDING AUTHENTICATION AND ENCRYPTION 21 4.9.1 OPEN SYSTEM AUTHENTICATION 22 4.9.2 SHARED KEY AUTHENTICATION 22 5. PROJECT CONTEXT - THE WIRELESS LAN PROTOTYPE 23 5.1 HARDWARE 23 5.1.1 WIRELESS LAN ACCESS POINT - DWL-1000AP 24 5.1.2
Wireless LANs, WLANs are now deployed at great pace both on company premises and in public hot spots.
Abstract Wireless LANs, WLANs are now deployed at great pace both on company premises and in public hot spots. Having greatly improved the mobility of professional users, this advantage obviously has also created new threats to security. Accordingly, new needs for authentication and authorization and possibly accounting and charging ("AAA") of users did evolve. In this context, the IEEE 802.1x standard provides a framework for such AAA tasks. Originally designed for wire-based LANs, it is now extensively used for wireless LANs such as the IEEE 802.11 family of wireless LANs. 802.1x uses the IETF Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), the latter supporting multiple authentication methods. This paper describes a proposal to use 802.1x based AAA-functionalities to realise public WLAN usage scenarios such as "closed community membership" and "pre-paid, pay-per-use". Every user of computer is being affected due to rapid change in sizes of software. According to one survey the time is not so far when the computer memory will be sold in terabytes. But the question arises here, now we not need only large memories but also security and flexibility. Data sharing is one of the major issues of distributed computing. Actually distributed means branches of computers connected through wires or wireless mechanism. In distributed environment distribution of data can be done in such a
So in order to understand what the main areas where organisation should be aware of securing data, we should understand the terminologies like footprinting, scanning and enumeration
Introduction to assignment: This assignment is about exploring some of the network security issues in organisations. The information and data about any organisation is very important for them to be protect from outside real and cyber world. The information should be kept according to the standards of security so that it can be protected from hackers. So in order to understand what the main areas where organisation should be aware of securing data, we should understand the terminologies like footprinting, scanning and enumeration. These three terminologies can be called as three steps for hackers to explore the secrete information of an organisation. In this assignment we will get the basic understand of footprinting i.e. gathering information about organization's network, scanning ports and enumeration, the actual process of gaining information access of an organization. We will take 5 internet organizations and will test there networks via different softwares like Nmap, Nbrute, Sam Spade and many others. During testing we will follow a procedure which identifies the internal components of the examined websites from its webpages that are open to public using techniques like WHOIS, DNS, Interrogations and others. Also getting the range of IP addresses of network of that organization and the host machines that are active within an organisation. After getting the