"Do We Want To Follow New York& Be Smoke- Free"?

Text Analysis; Evening Standard (London), October 27, 2003 "Do We Want To Follow New York & Be Smoke- Free" (Ross Lydall; Alexis Akwagyiram) The Evening Standard is published by Associated Newspapers Ltd which is the management company for five major newspapers; Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday, Evening Standard, London Metro, Ireland on Sunday as well as the advertising publication, The Loot. The Evening Standard is the only evening newspaper in London, published daily, and is generally perceived as being the first paper to break important news thus setting the agenda for the next day's news. It is a tabloid newspaper with certain assertions to being an 'intelligent' tabloid. Associated newspapers are known to be a company right of the middle, with its politics most characterised by The Daily Mail. It publishes four editions throughout the day (between 8.00am and 4.00pm) and has a daily circulation in excess of 424,000 and an estimated readership of 1 million. The paper also comes with a supplement four times a week and Metro Life on a Thursday which contains all the information concerning what is happening in London for the forthcoming week in relation to cinema, clubbing and the arts. The general readership is made up of commuters as the paper has its own newsstands set up around the capital as well as sellers at traffic lights and around train and underground stations.

  • Word count: 921
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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Press freedom and censorship are flipsides of the same coin - Which side should be applicable, given the focus of newspapers today?

Press freedom and censorship are flipsides of the same coin. Which side should be applicable, given the focus of newspapers today? (By Dick Clarke) The newspaper, as defined by the Webster's 1923 Dictionary, is a sheet of paper, printed and distributed at stated intervals, for conveying intelligence of passing events, advocating opinions, news, proceedings of legislative bodies, public announcements and advertisements. The Holy Bible states in the book of Jeremiah, "Publish and conceal not". According to the United Nations, a free press is a free press. Freedom of the press allows for the freedom expression and opinion. In today's ever-changing society, regulation or censorship of the press is a constant recurring theme. Journalists demand a free press, but with freedom come responsibility. In the year 2001, it was found that the Bush administration was stepping up efforts to block the world from learning the extent of destruction the US military was exacting on the Afghan population. The British Guardian newspaper reported that the US Defense Department has spent millions of dollars to prevent western media from seeing highly accurate photographs, taken by privately owned satellites, which show the effects of the bombing. While censorship of the press may be necessary to prevent negative mindset, the newspaper should not shield realities, which

  • Word count: 821
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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How far are the articles of the Press Complaints Commission's code of practice backed up by the law and therefore enforceable in the courts?

How far are the articles of the Press Complaints Commission's Code of Practice backed up by the law and therefore enforceable in the courts? The Press Complaints Commission is an independent body, which deals with complaints from the general public about the editorial content of newspapers and magazines. In 2000, 2,225 complaints were investigated by the PCC, of which 6 out of 10 complaints were about the accuracy in reporting and about one in eight were related to invasion of privacy. All these complaints are investigated under the Editors' Code of Practice, which binds all national and regional newspapers and magazines. The Code, drawn up by editors themselves and ratified by the Press Complaints Commission, covers the ways in which news is gathered and reported, also providing special protection for vulnerable groups such as children and hospital patients. The Code of Practice is not a legal document and can be amended at any time, if necessary, through parliamentary comment, suggestions from the PCC, editors and members of the public and changes in technology. Since the original code was published in 1991 there has been nearly 30 changes to it. The introduction to the Code of Practice states that: 'All members of the press have a duty to maintain the highest professional and ethical standards. This code sets the benchmarks for those standards. It both protects the

  • Word count: 1579
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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Representation of Black Women in Vogue UK: Is Fashion Racist?

Representation of Black Women in Vogue UK: 'Is Fashion Racist?' Tania Claudia Varga MD3248 Special Study: Explorations in 'Otherness' Abstract '"Racism and the Media" touches directly the problem of ideology, since the media's main sphere of operations is the production and transformation of ideologies. An intervention in the media's construction of race is an intervention in the ideological terrain of struggle' (Hall, 2003). This extended researched essay focalises on the representation of black women in the media, especially in issues of the Vogue UK Magazine. The hypothesis is that black women are underrepresented in the pages of Vogue UK and where they are represented their image still suffers from stereotypical constructions and politics of representation. I will aim to prove my hypothesis by looking at examples from various Vogue UK magazines and critically analyse them in relation to the images they portray and the representations they construct for contemporary black women. CONTENTS Abstract 2 Introduction 4 Vogue 5 Black Women as Metaphors for Africa 12 Erykah Badu's Representation in Tom Ford's Perfume Advert 14 The Assigned Place of Black Women in Fashion 15 'Blackface' 19 What kind of pretty are you? 21 Successful Black Women 23 The Age of the Cupcake - Lorraine Pascale 23 First Wives Club - Michelle Obama 24 Conclusions 25 Bibliography 26

  • Word count: 5449
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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Should the Press be completely free?

Should the Press be completely free In a world which believes that every man should have the freedom of speaking whatever he or she wants to, it seems so important that the press be given complete freedom. Complete freedom here means that the press should not be interfered with in any way and that they should be allowed to publish just about anything that they wish to produce that would be importance and beneficial to public at large. The truth is that the press has been fighting for just this very freedom from the time it started. In some part of the world, the press seems to have more freedom than in other parts. For example, in communist countries, the press belongs to the state and can publish anything it likes, as long as it is on the side of the state and protects the state's interests. In other words, it is a mouthpiece of the state - nothing more. In most democratic countries the press has a certain measure of freedom. I can raise its voice against the government and in fact can belong wholly to an opposition party and attack the government of the day, as long as it keeps within the law. Herein lies the catch: It is the government which decides what the law is. If one follows this lien of argument, what may happen is that the press's freedom can be curbed by just passing new laws. This is possible in a country where the ruling party is very powerful and

  • Word count: 733
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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Currie, David P. The Constitution in Congress: The Federalist Period 1789 -1801. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.

. Currie, David P. The Constitution in Congress: The Federalist Period 1789 -1801. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997. In this book the author deeply analyzes and describes the processes connected with the creation of The Federalist Papers and, hence, The Constitution of the United States of America. His work explores the political trends foverning in Amemrica in the time period from the First Congress (1789-1791) up to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses (1797-1801).1 Currie writes about the twelve years which have actually become the most important in the formation of the country, but, at the same time, were very intense and rich for the first and future law-makers and governments. In addition, in this book one may get acquainted with the main features and the most significant people of the Federalist period. The author explores not only the well-known issue concerning The Papers but their origins and reasons as well. 2. Dumbauld, Edward. The Declaration of Independence and What it Means Today. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1950 In this book the author presents the historical and political events and circumstances which accompanied the adoption of the Declaration of Independence and marked the end of British authority over the American Colonies,2 and analyzes the extend to which adoption of this document has influenced further growth and development of the

  • Word count: 839
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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The writing of history is never impartial; the authors would inevitably assert their interpretations of events in their writings.

Comparative History Assignment TAN WOAN CHYN (email: [email protected]) st Nov 2002 Analysis of A G.C.E. O Levels History Textbook -- 'Odyssey: Perspectives On Southeast Asia - Malaysia and Singapore: 1870-1971' by Marissa Champion With Reference to 'A History of South-East Asia' by D.G.E. Hall and 'In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History: A Modern History' Edited by David Joel Steinberg Introduction The writing of history is never impartial; the authors would inevitably assert their interpretations of events in their writings. Their views are shaped by their backgrounds such as ethnicity, nationality, education, beliefs, political orientations, interests and career. Their interpretations might also be directed by the government authorities or other agencies and institutions. In this essay, I attempt to analyze a G.C.E. 'O' Level history textbook, 'Odyssey: Perspectives On Southeast Asia - Malaysia and Singapore: 1870-1971' by Marissa Champion approved by the Singapore Ministry of Education for use from 2001 to 2005. Attempts to compare its contents with that of the sections on Malaysia and Singapore in 'A History of South-East Asia' by D.G.E. Hall and 'In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History' edited by David Joel Steinberg1 will also be made. The 'Mysterious' Author It is not clear whether Marrisa Champion is the author or compiler of the textbook. I

  • Word count: 2496
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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Journalism and Gender

CAMPBELL DOUGLAS JOURNALISM & GENDER ASSIGNMENT 3 - PEACE MAY 2003 IPPY won't give her real name because of the outstanding arrest warrants and besides, why should she trust a journalist after being "done over" by the press at Greenham Common women's peace camp? She finally agrees to be interviewed and quoted in her own words after conceding that some good may come from the exercise. Years after she and her sisters were dismissed in the media as dykes in dungarees or woolly-minded liberals who should have been at home looking after the children, she's still wary of how she will be portrayed. "I first visited the camp in 1984 and I was involved until the bitter end," she says. "I grew up in the 70s and 80s and I was aware of nuclear weapons being such an important issue. Sitting at home watching TV, I saw all these crazy women and thought, 'I want to do that'. It seemed to be interesting and different. I was a teenager when I first got involved and it was very easy for me to walk out of school and join the peace camp. I started off at Woad Gate then went to Blue Gate where all the young ones were. "At the time I absolutely despised the media and to a degree I still do, even though I now edit Peace News. A lot of us who are still around remember how we were done over by the media and we learned the painful lesson of how the media misconstrued and

  • Word count: 1576
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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What factors enabled the Daily Mail to be so immediately successful when it was launched in 1896?

What factors enabled the Daily Mail to be so immediately successful when it was launched in 1896? The Daily Mail became Britain's best selling paper as soon as it was launched in 1896. It not only marked the real beginning of British popular journalism, but also brought daily news to the breakfast tables of the mass British public rather than to the few elites in the society. The historical background, the climate of the British press and human conditions were the main factors that ensured the paper's success. This essay will look at these factors from different angles, together with the influences they had on the Mail's success. First of all, it is necessary to know some history about the British press industry. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the control of the press was highly restricted by the British monarchy. Even though the Bill of Rights in 1689 opened the way to freedom of speech in Parliament, it did not help much with the freedom of press, when compared with the American constitution a century later. Up until 1855, The Times enjoyed its unmatched position, the technology used were the steam-driven press, and the number of people who could read newspapers was quite limited. For example, when the population of the United Kingdom was 27 million in 1848, the circulation of The Times merely passed 30,000. This number is questionable because it did not take

  • Word count: 1801
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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Defining what a news journalist is

Defining what a news journalist is has been disputed by academics and the public for many years, as there is no single answer. One way in which it can be defined, however, is through the various job descriptions and by comparing its role to other media writers and presenters. Although the role of the news journalist in today's global and multi-media society has changed slightly in the past century, it is still considered very important. There are also new challenges the news journalist faces such as the diminishing need for news journalists, the continuing growth in technology and the change of knowledge required for a news journalist. According to the definition given by Princeton University in 2001, a news journalist is "a journalist employed to provide news stories for newspapers or broadcast media". However, in providing news stories journalists must also "convey information, ideas and opinions...search, disclose, record, question, entertain, comment and remember." (MEAA 1999). News journalists convey information on a variety of subjects such as sport and world affairs based on the long-established principle of impartiality. In order to convey this information to the public, news journalists also have to have a sound general knowledge, knowledge of computers and be aware that they have a public responsibility to report the news of the moment. The news journalist's role

  • Word count: 1359
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Media Studies
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