Early Regulation of Radio Broadcasting by the Canadian State
Early Regulation of Radio Broadcasting by the Canadian State Few things in Canadian history have received so much public and government attention as broadcasting (Head 87). From the time radio was first established in Canada, to the State's first tentative steps towards regulation, to the birth of the CBC and beyond, the Canadian broadcasting system has been the subject of lengthy discussion and debate which prompted the Canadian government to act in a number of ways in order to organize the field. First of all, in 1928 (Miller) the government appointed a Royal Commission on Broadcasting in Canada headed by Sir John Aird, to study the industry. Secondly, after the recommendations of this Commission were reinforced by a Special Parliamentary Committee on Radio Broadcasting, the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Act was passed in 1932 (Miller), and the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC) was created. Thirdly, based on the reports of two subsequent Parliamentary Committees, the Broadcasting Act was amended in 1936 (Miller), and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) was created, replacing the CRBC. Whether or not the Canadian government, the CRBC and the CBC effectively addressed the issues that motivated the State to act to regulate radio in Canada, one fact, is certain: the involvement of the Canadian government in the regulation of radio resulted in the
How queer sexuality is mediated in "Glee".
Tareq Mohamed MCS 101: Ass. 3, Option 7 April 28, 2014 * One Step Forward, But Still Miles To Go * How queer sexuality is mediated in GLEE Introduction Long gone the days where seeing any gay character on television was abnormal and shocking. Today, most shows on TV have one or two characters that are gay. However, they’re just there as an excuse for diversity; only a few number of them actually explore gay relationships or give them equal screen time and emotional depth as their heterosexual counterparts (Deb, 2012). This addition of multiple different depictions of same-sex couples and gay and lesbian people by television is being widely praised by the LBGT community as it makes the idea of homosexuality more common and representative of the actual community (Purcell, 2014). However, people who go solely off the media’s depiction of gays and lesbians could have a skewed view of what they are actually like. This could be detrimental for youth who are developing their ideas of what homosexuals are actually like as this is their only source of information on it (Purcell, 2014). Whenever a new television show comes around with a gay character, the first question people ask is “Is he/she playing a realistic depiction or is he/she just another cliché?” But it seems no matter how the character is portrayed or
Is there a place for Public Service Broadcasting in the UK?
Is there a place for Public Service Broadcasting in the UK? Case Study: The BBC The BBC is a unique institution. Unique in the role it plays in public life. Unique in the way it is funded. Unique in the place it holds in the public's affections... it is a quintessentially British institution. The public trusts it. It is part of what defines us as a nation, both at home and abroad. The BBC is recognised throughout the world, where it is seen as a benchmark of quality, integrity and diversity. (Tessa Jowell, 2003) The future of public service broadcasting (psb) is an issue that has been fiercely debated in Britain for a number of years. In this essay, I will attempt to unravel some of the discussions surrounding the debate and explain the argument for and against the retention of the licence fee. The British Broadcasting Company was set up in 1922 with a licence to broadcast contracted by the Post Office. The company began broadcasting daily programming through the wireless. The effect this had on the country was profound 'listening in to the wireless in the United Kingdom quickly became a social and cultural phenomenon as the BBC in London and regional stations around the country gave birth to a new form of mass communication'. (BBC Website, 2004) John Reith was the Managing Director of the British Broadcasting Company and in 1927 became the first Director
"By most criteria the main significance of football in contemporary British society is as a television show" Discuss Steve Wagg's view of the relationship between football and TV in the period from c.1960.
"By most criteria the main significance of football in contemporary British society is as a television show." Discuss Steve Wagg's view of the relationship between football and TV in the period from c.1960 In order to address the question, key points of Steve Wagg's statement must firstly be assessed. The meaning of 'football as a television show' is an ambiguous one to say the least, therefore it is important to define what criteria the sport of football must meet for it to be considered 'a television show'. This essay will begin by addressing the actual presentation of football on television, the techniques used in today's programmes and the direct practical affects of televising the game. However it will move on to issues such as the effect of television on football's place in society, the blurring of the lines between broadcasting companies and clubs, and football's increasing reliance on television revenue as a means of survival. Even when the issue of football as a television show has been addressed, consideration must be paid to Wagg's claim that this is not just one of football's roles in British society, but the 'main significance.' This suggests that football now has more importance as a television programme than it does to countless other issues that include regional and national identity, escape from the reality of the rest of a football fan's life, profit
Construct a Defence of Public Service Broadcasting based on its role in reflecting national identity. What drawbacks does this approach to P.S.B have?
Construct a Defence of Public Service Broadcasting based on its role in reflecting national identity. What drawbacks does this approach to P.S.B have? The future of the Public Service Broadcast is currently much debated. The introduction of services such as Digital and Cable television, where viewers only pay for the channels they want to watch, and which are not bound to Public Service Broadcasting regulations gives rise to the call for changes to be made in the regulating of terrestrial television, and the license fee to be abolished. This essay will aim to illustrate how valuable Public Service Broadcasting is, particularly in creating a sense of national identity and consider the drawbacks this approach has. The underlying beliefs of Public Service Broadcasting have foundations in Reithian Values. Lord Reith, the Managing Director of the British Broadcasting Company from 1923 to 1926 produced a manifest in 1925 outlining his recommendations for a broadcasting service. The original concept of Public Service Broadcasting was a public utility that would regulate radio and television, and have a social responsibility to broadcast quality programmes that created and maintained an informed electorate. As Tracey suggests in his book "The Decline and Fall of Public Service Broadcasting" "through the diversity and quality of its programmes - we can be better than we are:
'The age of Public Service Broadcasting is over'.
'The age of Public Service Broadcasting is over' Throughout this essay I intend to look at the history of Public service broadcasting to gain an understanding of its significance and in order to analyse its relevance in today's modern society. I will also be focusing on the arguments and evidence surrounding the end of public service broadcasting so that I can determine whether this claim is justified. . According to the Dictionary of Media and Communication Studies, the term public service broadcasting refers to any broadcasting system whose first duty is to a public within a democracy, serving to inform, educate and entertain, and to regard audience as constituting citizens, members of communities and individuals rather than merely consumers. 2. This system of public ownership has always been promoted on the basis that as a public resource it should include four important features; firstly it should be available to all in society irrespective of wealth or location; it should cater for all of the interests and tastes in society; it should provide citizens with the information and education that they need to contribute to enlightened public debate and for informed democratic participation; finally it should create what Scannell called a 'common universe of discourse' in a society. By this he meant a sense of community and togetherness which help contribute to social
Public Broadcasting:The Non-Commercial Alternative.
Public Broadcasting: The Non-Commercial Alternative Maggie McDonald Jessica Morse Trudy Loper Corey Sherbino The Corporation of Public Broadcasting and Programming Issues Public Broadcasting is excellence in the community. It organizes volunteers to help serve their communities. Local stations reach beyond their world of regularity and programming to assist the community in addressing matters such as violence and literacy. General audience programming, rich in culture and information, help stimulate life long learning. Public broadcasters bring to their communities programs that help bridge the gap in America between different racial and ethnic groups. Founded by Congress in 1967, the Corporation of Public Broadcasting (CPB) is a private non-profit organization that promotes public telecommunications services. The mission of the CPB is to facilitate the development of and ensure universal access to non-commercial high-quality programming. The organization tries to provide programs and services that inform, enlighten and enrich the public. Another mission of the CPB is to address the needs of unserved and underserved audiences, particularly children and minorities. It does this by specifically programming and targeting certain shows towards these audiences. The CPB devotes time in more that 1,000 local radio and television stations throughout the United
British Public Service Broadcasting at the Crossroads
British Public Service Broadcasting at the Crossroads --with Reference to the BBC Introduction In recent years, a vital element of democracy - public service broadcasting - has been faced with declining budgets, audience fragmentation and debate over its actual role in a multichannel environment. Even so, 'public service broadcasting' remains a significant aspect of the British broadcasting landscape to a minor extent. This article traces British public service broadcasting back to its origins and its root principles; clarifies the nature and role of public service broadcasting in a democratic society, and discusses solutions for its future sustainability (with reference to the BBC). Definition and role of public service broadcasting There is no standard definition of what public service broadcasting exactly comprises, although a number of official bodies have attempted to pick out the key characteristics. According to the Broadcasting Research Unit, its key goals or hallmarks may be outlined under eight headings: ·Geographic universality-everyone should have access to the same services ·Catering for all interests and tastes ·Catering for minorities ·Catering for 'national identity and community' ·Detachment from vested interests and government ·One broadcasting system to be funded directly from the corpus of uses ·Competition in good programming rather than
"Deregulation would lead to an expansion in choice without loss of quality".
"Deregulation would lead to an expansion in choice without loss of quality". To discuss this question I will first introduce the definition of regulation and the methods that are used to govern media industries around the globe. This will enable me to understand what regulation is and will prepare me to concentrate on deregulation. To begin with deregulation I will look at the American Media and the effects of the Telecommunication Bill 1996, which helped to introduce deregulation into the American Radio industry. From this I will be able to show the effects of deregulation and I can compare it with the recent Communication Bill being introduced in the UK by the end of 2003. With my findings and discussion I will be able to conclude whether or not deregulation would lead to diversity, without loss of quality. In the British media industry various media text consists of guidelines, which by legislation or by code of practise, ensures that it is socially responsible towards the audiences it is targeted. An early example of this can be seen when the British Broadcast Corporation (BBC) was set up in 1927 under a royal charter with John Reith as Director-General. Reith used the charter to prevent the government from having any direct involvement with the running of the BBC. Reith also declared that the BBC should provide to its audience; "...entertainment, education and
What have been the consequences of multi channel fragmentation for the identity of the BBC? What problems does public service broadcasting face?
What have been the consequences of multi channel fragmentation for the identity of the BBC? What problems does public service broadcasting face? The BBC is a vital part of television in Britain; its requirements mean it must adhere to a various spheres of taste. Due to the rapid growth in various commercial cable channels, the BBC has now found itself existing amongst and competing with numerous commercial cable channels that do not have to adhere to certain principles. Whereas the BBC must provide the nation with information, education and entertainment through which, it aims to cater for the needs of all groups in society. The objective is to bring a profound social and cultural benefit to the public and reinforce the democratic and open nature of the British society. However the viewers that used to watch the BBC are now fragmented across numerous channels. Therefore the identity of the BBC is put in a critical position, where its future is being challenged by political, economic interests and by increasing competition from commercial media. The financial strains are becoming more difficult with the rapid increase in multi channel viewing. It also faces the problem of adapting to globalisation and new technologies. For the BBC to survive it must change and adapt. But how far can it go without undermining its identity? The number of people subscribing to cable channels