istopes used in medical science
Isotopes Used In Medical Treatments Isotopes are several different forms of an element that have different mass numbers. But they are having same proton numbers but different neutron numbers. The term Isotope has suggested by Fredrick Soddy, a chemist at Glasgow University in 1921. These form of elements have different advantages and disadvantages. Mostly it depends on the type of element. Nuclear medicine was developed in the 1950s they are really helpful in modern medical field. Because it can cure so many dangerous diseases like cancers and tumours. Basically radioisotopes are the useful type that is been used up for medical treatments. There are thousands of different forms of radioisotopes that can be classed as very useful medically approved elements. Radioisotopes seemed to be dangerous and cautious from the outside look. But they can be handle carefully and store in safe places for treatments. Many of them are made in nuclear reactors and in cyclotrons. Today most of the medical isotopes are imported from United States but the growing demand rate is really high. So there aren't enough supplies to whole globe. Radioisotopes used for medical treatments are really expensive but 98% of are successful and effective. Modern medical industry has able to get rid of the fast growing number of cancer patient per year from these treatments. The doctors who deal with nuclear
Wounds, Autopsies and Mysteries
Wounds, Autopsies and Mysteries In all forms of gun related death the crucial evidence comes from ballistics. The amount of shots fired and the number of gunmen, the path of the bullets and which of the wounds was the fatal shot. There was plenty of evidence available with the JFK shooting to help equate the answers to these questions but it was poorly handled. This means that to this day the truth can, probably, never be known. During the motorcade, Governor Connally heard the first shot, then was hit about two seconds later. The Parkland doctors confirmed the bullet that hit Connally still in his left thigh. The president was first hit at the back of his neck, and then the second bullet hit his head from the back. The Parkland Doctor Perry said the shot was at the lower portion of the neck and was an entry wound. The president's body, at Parkland Hospital wrapped in a sheet and placed in a bronze casket, one of the most expensive that Parkland Hospital had. Then, when the body reached Washington for the Autopsy, it was in a grey casket, not very good quality and the presidents body was wrapped differently. The body was in a grey body bag and the brain of the president was missing. The president's body was "hijacked" on the way to Washington. If the brain was still in the president's body, some trace of metal could be found, and the make of bullet could be deciphered
Alternative Medicine, also called unconventional medicine, therapeutic practices, techniques, and beliefs that are outside the realm of mainstream Western health care
Alternative Medicine, also called unconventional medicine, therapeutic practices, techniques, and beliefs that are outside the realm of mainstream Western health care. Alternative medicine emphasizes therapies that improve quality of life, prevent disease, and address conditions that conventional medicine has limited success in curing, such as chronic back pain and certain cancers. Proponents of alternative medicine believe that these approaches to healing are safer and more natural and have been shown through experience to work. In certain countries, alternative medical practices are the most widely used methods of health care. However, many practitioners of modern conventional medicine believe these practices are unorthodox and unproven.1 Acupuncture, a Chinese traditional medicine dating from 200-100 BC, involves stimulating specific points in the body for therapeutic purposes. Puncturing the skin with a needle is the usual method of application, but acupuncturists may also use heat, pressure, friction, suction, or impulses of electromagnetic energy to stimulate acupuncture points. Stimulated acupuncture points alter the chemical neurotransmitters released and the therapeutic effects result from the associated changes in the chemical balance of the body. Acupuncture is used for many ailments, including chronic pain, drug addiction, arthritis, chemotherapy-induced nausea,
The Psychodynamic Approach - or What Freud Really Thought
The Psychodynamic Approach - or What Freud Really Thought Many of you may be wondering how it is that I claim to know the impossible: what Freud really thought. The truth is, of course I don't. It's fun to try though, isn't it? Well then, now that we've cleared that up, let us begin. I feel that a bit of history would be fitting at this point. Freud, or Sigmund as I shall call him for now (I always say familiarity is the best route to understanding) was born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1865. His family background was Jewish, but his father was a freethinker and Sigmund an avowed atheist. Sigmund's father and first wife had two sons, both more than twenty years older than 'little Sigmund'. Sigmund was passionately interested in science, so it was somewhat a disappointment to him that the only professions open to Jewish men at the time were medicine or law. He would have much preferred neurophysical research. However, Sigmund was engaged and needed to earn enough to support a family before he could marry, so he determined to go into private practice with a speciality in neurology. During his training, Sigmund made friends with Josef Breuer, another physician and physiologist. They often discussed medical cases together, and it is through this that Sigmund first encountered hysteria. Breuer used the 'talking cure' on his patients, which involved hypnosis under which
Who was Cladius Galen?
GALEN CHANGES MEDICINE WHO WAS CLAUDIUS GALEN? Claudius Galen was physician to five Roman emperors. He was a teacher, philosopher, pharmacist, and leading scientist of his day. During his life he produced five hundred books and treatises on all aspects of medical science and philosophical subjects and his ideas were to formulate many of the scientific beliefs which dominated medical thinking for about 1 500 years. Galen was the great compiler and systemiser of Greco-Roman medicine, physiology, pharmacy, and anatomy. Because he displayed a view of God and nature shared by the Christians of the middle Ages and the Renaissance, they regarded him as a fellow-Christian. This goes some way to account for the attitude of the Church towards free thinkers. Galen's influence can be still seen today. The word " galenic" is used to describe drugs and medicines made from vegetable and animal ingredients using prescribed methods. WHERE WAS HE BORN? Galen was born at Pergamum, Asia Minor on the 22 September 131 and was educated by his father, who decided his son should enter the medical profession. This was a wise choice as his son went on to become extremely famous. WHAT DID GALEN DO? At first, Galen studied philosophy, in particular Aristotle but when seventeen began to specialise in medicine. While studying medicine Galen travelled extensively throughout Greece, Asia Minor, and
Latin Speech
Latin Speech For our speech we have chosen to stand against the accused in the scenario with the sick father and his son. Ladies and gentlemen of the jury, I present our case against the accused. First, we shall outline the case. A banished son studies medicine. When his father falls ill, the son is summoned because he says he has a medicine which will cure him, despite the fact that all other doctors before have failed. The father drinks part of the medicine and says he has been poisoned. The son drinks the rest, but the father dies. The son is accused of parricide. Lets take the case step by step. Firstly, the son was banished from home. Why? We can't be sure. However, it was suspected that, due to mental insecurity, he killed his mother. Although the case was never proven, his father always believed it to be true. The likely case of the father's illness was depression resulting from the death of his wife and the loss of his only son. And how did the son react? Well all his dreams of getting into the best medical school were shattered. Instead he had to settle for a poor quality school for second rate doctors, and was left to explore the medical world on his own, learning from no basis more reliable than his own meandering experiences. And so, his life fell from high to low. For each failure he made he blamed his father. This son was afraid of the
Using Sources A and B, and your own knowledge, describe two significant changes in medicine in the period 1450 - 1700.
Medicine Coursework Study Sources A and B and use your own knowledge. Using Sources A and B, and your own knowledge, describe two significant changes in medicine in the period 1450 - 1700. a) Whilst women weren't trained in medicine during this time period, their traditional roles as healers and midwives were still important ones but women only ever performed them. These roles were just extensions of their status as housewives which can be seen by the way they performed such tasks. Women would use their knowledge of herbs to concoct remedies for the sick and they would record them in recipe books to be handed down to their children. They would also hand down certain recipes by word of mouth. Source A supports this in that it shows a lay Sister preparing a remedy in just such a way. With the arrival of a more medicine-aware society, the role of healer shifted into the hands of merchants and businessman. New drugs coming in from foreign lands, such as the New World, were handled by these very people and were not available to women. Source B shows that when it says: New and expensive cures were developed using the drugs imported as a result of trade between Europe and India, China and the New World. These drugs were handled by merchants and businessmen, surgeons and chemists. They were not easily available for women to use. They were obtained by men, handled by men, and sold
Why do people drink alcohol
Why do people drink alcohol? Alcohol is a recreational drug and a depressant. Depressants or sedatives depress neural activity, slow down bodily functions, enhance positive feelings and heighten alertness. They slow down mental processes and behaviours. Alcohol is the most widely used depressant of which the effects were known about 10,000 years ago. Alcohol abuse is not the same as alcoholism because it doesn't include an extremely strong craving for alcohol, loss of control over drinking, or physical dependence. Alcohol abuse is defined as a pattern of drinking that results in one or more of the following situations: a failure to fulfil major work, school, or home responsibilities; drinking in situations that are physically dangerous, such as while driving a car or operating machinery; having recurring alcohol-related legal problems, such as being arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol or for physically hurting someone while drunk; and continued drinking despite having ongoing relationship problems that are caused or worsened by the drinking. Although alcohol abuse is basically different from alcoholism, alcoholics also experience many effects of alcohol abuse. Alcoholism, also known as alcohol dependence, is a disease that includes four symptoms: * Craving, a strong need, or compulsion, to drink. * Loss of control, the inability to limit drinking on any
Does alternative medicine present a challenge to biomedicine?
Does alternative medicine present a challenge to biomedicine? Alternative medicine such as herbal remedies, Reiki, hypnosis, aromatherapy, and acupuncture are all ancient methods of medicine that have been used to heal patients for centuries. These holistic approaches to medicine are becoming increasingly popular as ways to improve the health and well being of individuals in contemporary societies, now commonly described as complementary medicine. This essay will discuss why people seek alternative or complementary medicine in favour of the conventional biomedical methods. I will then consider whether these holistic treatments challenge scientific medicine, or whether the two approaches can work along side each other. To begin with, I will describe what complementary and alternative medicine is. Complementary medicine is a group of therapeutic and diagnostic disciplines that focus on the individual as whole which contrasts with the biomedical model that views the body and mind as separate from each other. It exists outside the realms of biomedicine and the institutions that teach and provide healthcare based on the scientific approach. Complementary and alternative medicine has been set into groups but it is hard to define where each should go. A report by the House of Lords Select Committee for Science and Technology (2000), divides each therapy into groups ranging from
"Religion was the most important factor in the development of Egyptian medicine." Do you agree with this statement?
Q: "Religion was the most important factor in the development of Egyptian medicine." Do you agree with this statement? I agree and disagree with this statement as I believe Religion was an important part of Egyptian medicine, but, other aspects are also equally important, for example: the flooding of the river Nile, farming of the fertile land and the growing of crops for medicines. Here is the justification of my answer; Egyptians discovered some of the human anatomy through their religion. They believed that once a person died their soul left the body and would begin an afterlife. It was important for them to preserve the bodies so their soul could use it when they return. For this, they used embalming (mummification) to preserve the liver, lungs, stomach, heart, spleen and intestines in 'canopic' jars. They found ways of preserving bodies eg: by covering them in oils and bandages. Once they were embalmed they were called mummies. By removing the main organs they knew where they were positioned in the body and gave them a basic understanding of their purpose. This supports the statement as it does play an important part in the development of Egyptian medicine. Without their religion they may not of found out anything about the human anatomy. The Egyptians religion, however, prevented them from finding out the structure of the human body, as they must preserve the