Does evidence support the argument that children are biologically programmed to learn language?
Does evidence support the argument that children are biologically "programmed" to learn language? Developmental and psycholinguistic theorists are constantly contrasting views on how children develop and acquire language. Some theorists believe that it is purely innate, or as Pinker (1994) suggest that it is an 'instinct'. Other theorists suggests that we acquire language through imitation, or operant conditioning Skinner,1957( as cited in Radford & Govier, 1995). Social interaction also has a great influence on language acquisition. There are many theorists who believe that language is biological. As humans, we are the only species to have a communication system which is extremely complex. (Elman, 1996, cited in MacWhinney, 1999). The Biological approach suggests that language is innate, that we are born with a specific type of genome which allows us to speak. Research has been carried out investigating the relationship into language and specific genes. The research has shown that although there is no specific genome for language, the interaction between different genes help participate in the production of language (Greenspan,1995, as cited in MacWhinney , 1999.) When discussing whether or not language is derived from a biological process, it is important to understand all the factors involved. The most comprehensible approach for language development is that of the
Nazi Eugenics - what, why and how did it happen and will it ever happen again?
Nazi Eugenics - what, why and how did it happen and will it ever happen again? Eugenics is a social philosophy, advocating the improvement of human hereditary traits through intervention. The discipline first became popular amongst scientists in the late 1800s and came to a head under Hitler's rule in the 1930-40s. It developed simultaneously throughout America and Europe - especially Scandinavia and the UK - but Germany soon took it in a different direction, resulting in the horrific Holocaust of the Second World War. Deliberate misunderstanding by scientists and physicians in Germany, using Hitler's power as an excuse to potentially re-establish themselves as leaders in the scientific world, led to the sterilization of hundreds of thousands of ethnic minorities, namely Jews and Gypsies. A euthanasia law was passed to grant 'mercy killings' to those suffering from mental illness resulting in the death of 85% of all patients in mental hospitals in Germany between 1935 and 1934. Despite similar sterilization and euthanasia laws in other countries around the world, there were no other atrocities on this scale. This essay will explore the possibilities that could explain this, by investigating the background to eugenics and the programs used throughout the world during this period, comparing events in the US and the rest of Europe to Germany. Eugenics continues today - the
What is the portrayal of British Muslims after 9/11, due to journalist(TM)s coverage of the incident?
Assignment One: Research Project: For this assignment I will be researching the following question: "What is the portrayal of British Muslims after 9/11, due to journalist's coverage of the incident?" In 1986 the American space shuttle "Challenger" exploded killing all the astronauts on board. It was recorded as the 'worst accident' in the history of the American space programme. Reporters speculated the cause to be outside sources like the cold weather or the heat resistant tiles, everything but terrorism was linked to the cause. Although 300+ articles were written on this subject, none mentioned any links to terrorism (Chermak, 2003). Reading his journal article intrigued me seeing as currently many catastrophes, especially explosions are linked to terrorists and Muslims. The type of journalism I will be focusing on will be British newspapers, both Tabloid and Broadsheet. I will be focusing on "The Guardian" and "The mirror" In my opinion I found Broadsheet newspapers are more intellectual in content than Tabloid newspapers, this will enable me to conduct a separate content analysis of the way in which the news stories have been represented in both styles of newspapers. I will be comparing the differences and similarities of the coverage. People read newspapers for many different reasons, some read newspapers to gain knowledge as newspapers are a way of connecting the
American policy toward World War I
In 1914 Woodrow Wilson proclaimed U.S. neutrality and asked the American people to be neutral in thought as well as action. In April 1917 Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany. What caused this turnaround in American policy toward World War I? "We must be the great arsenal of democracy." Franklin D. Roosevelt Report to Congress, Jan. 2, 1941 World War I (1914-1919), undoubtedly, was an event that framed universal history. Therefore is important to note that even though the conflict began in Europe, finally great nations as Japan and the United States were involved. This was one of the major wars in which participation in the affairs of others is cover under the supposed protection of democracy or the free towns. Such events are events that have marked paths with traces of blood the formation of a powerful nation like the United States of America. Throughout the nineteenth century, the United States experienced an accelerated economic process, mainly after the Civil War. Time after Wilson assumes the presidency (1912) explodes the War and immediately the president recommended taking a position of neutrality in his foreign policy since he thought that this did not affect its interests; nevertheless, the population was insane since their sentiment was in favor of the allies due to the narrow relation with Great Britain. As War was developing, began to notice
Diabetic Foot Care
Teaching Project My client is a 48 year old male who came in with a right lower extremist limb threatening ischemia. He had his 2-5 digits on his foot amputated due to a toe ulcer. He has small vessel disease and uncontrolled diabetes. Small vessel disease is a condition in which the small arteries in the heart become narrowed. This narrowing would not allow appropriate profusion to surrounding tissues and is usually common with those who have diabetes. Small vessel disease is hard to detect and symptoms often correlate with that of heart disease. With this you might experience shortness of breath, sweating, fatigue, dizziness, and chest pain. My client also has type 2 diabetes that is uncontrolled. Type 2 diabetes is a condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar. When you have type 2 diabetes, your body is resistant to the effects of insulin. There is no cure for Type diabetes but it can be managed through proper diet, exercise and insulin management. The usual signs of diabetes include, polyuria, polyphagia, fatigue, slow healing of wounds or sores, and excessive hunger. His recent episode included stepping on a sharp object that he didn't feel, poor wound management and diabetes management led to the amputation of his digits on his foot. He does not eat a proper diet and does not have a routine insulin schedule leading to the uncontrolled aspect
Socioeconomic factors and Obesity
INQUIRY PROJECT 2010 NAME: RENUKA BOOCHOON TA: JOSHUA RUSSELL COURSE CODE: ENVS 1800 STUDENT NUMBER: 210317212 DUE DATE: DECEMBER 10, 2010 The purpose of this essay is to define a link between socioeconomic status and obesity levels in children. I argue money is the main determinant factor of health and is inextricably linked to levels of obesity. The main question I posed which inspired me to research this particular topic was, 'are wealthier people more likely to be obese than people which a much lower income?' This topic was particularly interesting to me because I assume that the more money one has the more of a chance he/she has of becoming obese; seeing as people with money would have the option of eating out (which families living in poverty would not have the luxury of doing). However, low-income areas do not have as much access to quality/healthy food as higher-income equivalents do (Taylor, 1). In addition, fast food (i.e. burger, fries and other high calorie foods) is generally much cheaper than foods that are higher in nourishment (i.e. salad, fruit). This is another possible factor that increases the obesity rates among those living in poverty or low-income. Taking both these facts into consideration - that high-income families can eat out more so that could possibly lead them to be of higher obesity rates among children, yet people living in poverty can
Lester Benchmarking
Running head: LESTER ELECTRONICS FINANCING ALTERNATIVE BENCHMARKING Lester Electronics Financing Alternative Benchmarking University of Phoenix Overall Analysis Lester Electronics Inc. (Lester) has the opportunity to merge with Shang-Wa Electronics (Shang-Wa). Lester believes that combining the efforts of these two, well established companies, it will bring financial success to all. (Scenario, 2008) In order to increase future profits, Lester's senior management team has developed new organizational strategies to move Lester through this merger with Shang-Wa but various steps must be researched before implemented. One of those steps is benchmarking that identify potential or existing issues of an organization and finding best practices to solve them. Key findings from six other companies that have faced similar issues that Lester is facing have been researched in regards to "weighted-average-cost-of-capital," "recommended financing mix to optimize capital structure," "analyzing the risks associated with investment decisions," and "recommended offers" for Lester to think about. This paper will cover key concepts in communication as well as compare and contrast best practices taken from selected companies like financial institutions CitiGroup and Wells Fargo as well industry giants like United Health Group, Kmart, Verizon and InBev, which will lead to new discoveries and
Visual Merchandising: Shop Window Displays
Visual Merchandising: Shop Window Displays The way a store displays its merchandise in their window has a distinct effect on attracting customers through the door. According to Mary Portas (1999), shop windows are the 'art of the high street.' Visual merchandising is the method of displaying products to promote a store with an aim to attracting potential customers. The brief was 'compare and contrast the shop windows from two fashion retail businesses.' This essay will focus on Topshop and Primark; these stores were chosen because they aim to attract the same age group, yet have very different price bands. An important objective is therefore to evaluate whether the obvious similarities / differences have any effect on the window displays. It was found that the Topshop window featured merchandise for both genders; whereas Primark' featured women's merchandise only - even though they sell products for men in-store. In terms of the types of each display, Topshop's female window was a promotional display for Kate Moss' new collection. The male window was a seasonal display to promote Christmas, and Primark's window appeared to be presenting an understated seasonal display, using party wear to promote the Christmas party season, and glittery background panels to add to the festivities. Primark' composition was symmetrically balanced in the mannequins with scene consistency from
The Future of Growing Media for Herbaceous and Short Term Seasonal Pot Plants and Glasshouse Lettuce and Cut Flower Chrysanthemums
The Future of Growing Media for Herbaceous and Short Term Seasonal Pot Plants and Glasshouse Lettuce and Cut Flower Chrysanthemums Heidi Baker FdSc Professional Floristry Contents .0 Introduction 3 2.0 Summary 3 3.0 Herbaceous and short term seasonal pot plants 4 3.1 Main production techniques and cropping practices 4 3.2 Current and past developments 4 3.3 New and future developments 5 4.0 Glasshouse lettuce and cut flower chrysanthemum 6 4.1 Main production techniques and cropping practices 6 4.2 Current and past developments 6 4.3 New and future developments 7 5.0 Conclusion 8 6.0 References 9 7.0 Appendix 10 7.1 Organic, peat-free sowing and potting composts 10 .0 Introduction A lot of nursery growers nowadays are looking for cheaper, less labour intensive and more reliable growing media than outdoors in disease infested soil. There is also a growing amount of pressure from consumers to grow the crops in environmentally friendly media. This report is going to look at the different types of growing media being used to grow herbaceous and short term seasonal pot plants (e.g. Lupins, Poinsettia and Cyclamen), glasshouse lettuce and cut flower chrysanthemums, and any new developments that may change this choice for nurseries in the future. 2.0 Summary It is very important for the grower to achieve the correct physical and nutritional conditions in
Critical Analysis of Two research papers
Methods of Enquiry Assignment MSC Forensic Accounting Paul Senior Student ID: 14031395 January 2008 CONTENTS Page(s) . Introduction 3 2. Paper One 4 3. Paper Two 8 4. Conclusions 11 5. References and Bibliography 12 Appendices Appendix One - 'Football information services: fanzines, Match of the Day and the modem' Appendix Two - 'Emerging trends in the use of the Internet - lessons from the football sector' . Introduction Research, as defined by the Collins Gem English dictionary (2004), is a 'systematic investigation to discover facts or collect information'. Expanding on this definition, Collis and Hussey (2003, p1) quantify research as, 'a process of enquiry and investigation, that it is systematic and methodical, increases existing knowledge, and requires you to be thorough at all stages'. There are a number of research techniques available to a researcher and the methodology used will be dependent on a number of different factors, such as the kind of topic you are covering, the results you wish for, and the type of analysis you wish to undertake following the receipt of your results. An individual's personality may also determine the kind of research they wish to carry out, for example a shy person may not be keen on the humanistic approach and therefore would probably carry out research via non face to face contact, such as via a questionnaire